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DENTAL HYGIENE PRINCIPLES EXAM (CHAPTER 17
& 22: CALCULUS, BIOFLIM, SOFT DEPOSITS &
STAIN) 2025 BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM WITH
ANSWERS.
Tobacco stain (extrinsic) - correct answer --brown/black/dark stain
- Incorporated in calculus deposit
- Narrow band that follows contour of gingival crest, slightly above
the crest
- May cover cervical third and extend to central third of the crown
- Most frequently on lingual surfaces
- *The quantity of stain is not necessarily proportional to the
amount of tobacco used*
-tobacco products adhering to biofilm/calculus
brown stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -Brown Pellicle
Stannous Fluoride
Pigmented Foods
Anti-Biofilm Agents
Betel Leaf
Swimmer's Stain
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-Found primarily on buccal of maxillary molars and lingual of
mandibular anterior surfaces.
-May be associated with poor oral hygiene.
orange and red stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -A. Clinical
Appearance
▶ Orange or red stains appear at the cervical third.
B. Distribution on Tooth Surfaces
▶ More frequently on anterior than on posterior teeth.
C. Occurrence
▶ Rare (red more rare than orange).
D. Etiology
▶ Chromogenic bacteria.
Metallic stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -A.Metals or Metallic
Salts from Metal-Containing Dust of Industry
●Copper or brass-green or bluish green
●Iron brown to greenish brown
●Nickel-green
●Cadmium-yellow or golden brown
B. Metallic Substances Contained in Drugs
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Endogenous Intrinsic Stains - correct answer -•Pulpless or
Traumatized Teeth
•Disturbances in Tooth Development
•Drug-Induced Stains and Discolorations
•Other Systemic Causes
Pulpless or traumatized teeth - correct answer -Endogenous
intrinsic stain.
-Not all pulpless teeth discolor.
Etiology: blood and other pulp tissue elements may be available
for breakdown as a result of hemorrhages in the pulp chamber,
root canal treatment, or necrosis and decomposition of the pulp
tissue.
Disturbances in Tooth Development - correct answer -- hereditary
(amelogenesis imperfecta/dentinogenesis imperfecta)
- enamel hypoplasia (didn't form)
- dental fluorosis
Drug-Induced Stains and Discolorations - correct answer -
Tetracyclines, cipro, and minocycline
DENTAL HYGIENE PRINCIPLES EXAM (CHAPTER 17
& 22: CALCULUS, BIOFLIM, SOFT DEPOSITS &
STAIN) 2025 BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM WITH
ANSWERS.
Tobacco stain (extrinsic) - correct answer --brown/black/dark stain
- Incorporated in calculus deposit
- Narrow band that follows contour of gingival crest, slightly above
the crest
- May cover cervical third and extend to central third of the crown
- Most frequently on lingual surfaces
- *The quantity of stain is not necessarily proportional to the
amount of tobacco used*
-tobacco products adhering to biofilm/calculus
brown stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -Brown Pellicle
Stannous Fluoride
Pigmented Foods
Anti-Biofilm Agents
Betel Leaf
Swimmer's Stain
, Page | 2
-Found primarily on buccal of maxillary molars and lingual of
mandibular anterior surfaces.
-May be associated with poor oral hygiene.
orange and red stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -A. Clinical
Appearance
▶ Orange or red stains appear at the cervical third.
B. Distribution on Tooth Surfaces
▶ More frequently on anterior than on posterior teeth.
C. Occurrence
▶ Rare (red more rare than orange).
D. Etiology
▶ Chromogenic bacteria.
Metallic stains (extrinsic) - correct answer -A.Metals or Metallic
Salts from Metal-Containing Dust of Industry
●Copper or brass-green or bluish green
●Iron brown to greenish brown
●Nickel-green
●Cadmium-yellow or golden brown
B. Metallic Substances Contained in Drugs
, Page | 3
Endogenous Intrinsic Stains - correct answer -•Pulpless or
Traumatized Teeth
•Disturbances in Tooth Development
•Drug-Induced Stains and Discolorations
•Other Systemic Causes
Pulpless or traumatized teeth - correct answer -Endogenous
intrinsic stain.
-Not all pulpless teeth discolor.
Etiology: blood and other pulp tissue elements may be available
for breakdown as a result of hemorrhages in the pulp chamber,
root canal treatment, or necrosis and decomposition of the pulp
tissue.
Disturbances in Tooth Development - correct answer -- hereditary
(amelogenesis imperfecta/dentinogenesis imperfecta)
- enamel hypoplasia (didn't form)
- dental fluorosis
Drug-Induced Stains and Discolorations - correct answer -
Tetracyclines, cipro, and minocycline
