BIO UNIT 1 & 2
Anatomy and Physiology I
Chapters: 1 & 2
1. Together, just 4 four elements make up nearly 95% of the mass of the body. They include: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen
2. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. How many electron shells does nitrogen have? 2
3. When an atom donates an electron to another atom it becomes...? an ion
4. CH4 is methane. The compound is...? organic
5. A substance dissociates into K+ and CL- in solution. This substance is...a salt
6. Which of the following organelles produces large quantities of ATP when both glucose and oxygen are
available to the cell? Mitochondria
7. The special bonds that form between molecules of water are called: Hydrogen Bonds
8. The _________quaternary______ level of protein structure is the specific pattern of folding of a protein.
9. The Calcium - Sodium exchanger is an example of: Secondary active transport
10. Osmosis is a form of: Diffusion
11. The structural difference between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum is the presence of: Ribosomes
12. How many nucleotides on a strand of RNA is used to code for a single amino acid. 3
13. Which of the following is an example of an exocrine gland? Sweat gland
14. Glandular tissue is a specialized form of: Epithelial Tissue
15. Which of the following kind of molecules can cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion? All of these
kinds of molecules
6. Which of the following special es might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?
a. microscopic anatomy
b. muscle anatomy
c. regional anatomy
d. systemic anatomy
,8. The smallest independently func oning unit of an organism is a(n) ________.
a. cell
b. molecule
c. organ
d. ssue
9. A collec on of similar ssues that performs a specific func on is an ________.
a. organ
b. organelle
c. organism
d. organ system
10. The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ________.
a. cardiovascular system
b. endocrine system
c. muscular system
d. skeletal system
11. Metabolism can be defined as the ________.
a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal
changes
b. process whereby all unspecialized cells become
specialized to perform dis nct func ons
c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace
worn-out cells
d. sum of all chemical reac ons in an organism
12. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it ________.
a. is the result of catabolism
b. release energy in uncontrolled bursts
c. stores energy for use by body cells
d. All of the above
13. Cancer cells can be characterized as “generic” cells that perform no specialized body func on. Thus cancer
cells lack ________.
a. differen a on
b. reproduc on
c. responsiveness
d. both reproduc on and responsiveness
14. Humans have the most urgent need for a con nuous supply of ________.
a. food
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. water
15. Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?
a. All classes of nutrients are essen al to human survival.
b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly
, every day.
c. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients.
d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.
16. C.J. is stuck in her car during a bi erly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by ________.
a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet
b. becoming lethargic to conserve heat
c. breaking down stored energy
d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels
17. A er you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distension (the s mulus) resul ng from the
food. They relay this informa on to ________.
a. a control center
b. a set point
c. effectors
d. sensors
18. S mula on of the heat-loss center causes ________.
a. blood vessels in the skin to constrict
b. breathing to become slow and shallow
c. sweat glands to increase their output
d. All of the above
19. Which of the following is an example of a normal physiologic process that uses a posi ve feedback loop?
a. blood pressure regula on
b. childbirth
c. regula on of fluid balance
d. temperature regula on
20. What is the posi on of the body when it is in the “normal anatomical posi on?”
a. The person is prone with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching
at sides.
b. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended out at a ninety-degree angle
from the torso and lower limbs in a wide stance with feet poin ng laterally
c. The person is supine with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching
at sides.
d. None of the above
21. To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and le sides along the ________.
a. coronal plane
b. longitudinal plane
c. midsagi al plane
d. transverse plane
22. The lumbar region is ________.
a. inferior to the gluteal region
b. inferior to the umbilical region
c. superior to the cervical region
d. superior to the popliteal region
Anatomy and Physiology I
Chapters: 1 & 2
1. Together, just 4 four elements make up nearly 95% of the mass of the body. They include: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen
2. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. How many electron shells does nitrogen have? 2
3. When an atom donates an electron to another atom it becomes...? an ion
4. CH4 is methane. The compound is...? organic
5. A substance dissociates into K+ and CL- in solution. This substance is...a salt
6. Which of the following organelles produces large quantities of ATP when both glucose and oxygen are
available to the cell? Mitochondria
7. The special bonds that form between molecules of water are called: Hydrogen Bonds
8. The _________quaternary______ level of protein structure is the specific pattern of folding of a protein.
9. The Calcium - Sodium exchanger is an example of: Secondary active transport
10. Osmosis is a form of: Diffusion
11. The structural difference between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum is the presence of: Ribosomes
12. How many nucleotides on a strand of RNA is used to code for a single amino acid. 3
13. Which of the following is an example of an exocrine gland? Sweat gland
14. Glandular tissue is a specialized form of: Epithelial Tissue
15. Which of the following kind of molecules can cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion? All of these
kinds of molecules
6. Which of the following special es might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?
a. microscopic anatomy
b. muscle anatomy
c. regional anatomy
d. systemic anatomy
,8. The smallest independently func oning unit of an organism is a(n) ________.
a. cell
b. molecule
c. organ
d. ssue
9. A collec on of similar ssues that performs a specific func on is an ________.
a. organ
b. organelle
c. organism
d. organ system
10. The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ________.
a. cardiovascular system
b. endocrine system
c. muscular system
d. skeletal system
11. Metabolism can be defined as the ________.
a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal
changes
b. process whereby all unspecialized cells become
specialized to perform dis nct func ons
c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace
worn-out cells
d. sum of all chemical reac ons in an organism
12. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it ________.
a. is the result of catabolism
b. release energy in uncontrolled bursts
c. stores energy for use by body cells
d. All of the above
13. Cancer cells can be characterized as “generic” cells that perform no specialized body func on. Thus cancer
cells lack ________.
a. differen a on
b. reproduc on
c. responsiveness
d. both reproduc on and responsiveness
14. Humans have the most urgent need for a con nuous supply of ________.
a. food
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. water
15. Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?
a. All classes of nutrients are essen al to human survival.
b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly
, every day.
c. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients.
d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.
16. C.J. is stuck in her car during a bi erly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by ________.
a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet
b. becoming lethargic to conserve heat
c. breaking down stored energy
d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels
17. A er you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distension (the s mulus) resul ng from the
food. They relay this informa on to ________.
a. a control center
b. a set point
c. effectors
d. sensors
18. S mula on of the heat-loss center causes ________.
a. blood vessels in the skin to constrict
b. breathing to become slow and shallow
c. sweat glands to increase their output
d. All of the above
19. Which of the following is an example of a normal physiologic process that uses a posi ve feedback loop?
a. blood pressure regula on
b. childbirth
c. regula on of fluid balance
d. temperature regula on
20. What is the posi on of the body when it is in the “normal anatomical posi on?”
a. The person is prone with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching
at sides.
b. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended out at a ninety-degree angle
from the torso and lower limbs in a wide stance with feet poin ng laterally
c. The person is supine with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching
at sides.
d. None of the above
21. To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and le sides along the ________.
a. coronal plane
b. longitudinal plane
c. midsagi al plane
d. transverse plane
22. The lumbar region is ________.
a. inferior to the gluteal region
b. inferior to the umbilical region
c. superior to the cervical region
d. superior to the popliteal region
