EXAM, 2025-2026 QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
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Epidemiology - ANSWER Science of public health.
Study of disease within populations & risk factors.
Risk factors are genetic, environmental, social,
cultural, or on some direct action by the individual.
Servers to find the "why" of a disease & then to
analyze the disease screening, treatment,
prevention, and monitoring.
population health - ANSWER focuses on risk, data,
demographics, and outcomes
Outcomes - ANSWER End result that follows an
intervention
Aggregate - ANSWER defined population
,Community - ANSWER Multiple aggregates
Data - ANSWER Compiled information
Prevalence - ANSWER Existence of a disease.
Number of all cases of the disease
Incidence - ANSWER Measures appearance of a
disease over a period of time.
Surveillance - ANSWER Collection, analysis, and
dissemination of data.
High-risk - ANSWER An increased chance of
poor health outcomes
Morbidity - ANSWER Presence of illness in a
population
Mortality - ANSWER Tracking deaths in an
aggregate
Vital statistics - ANSWER statistics on live births,
deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces
Cases - ANSWER Criterion used to make
decisions whether the patient has a disease or
health event
, Social Justice - ANSWER The view that everyone
deserves equal economic, political and social rights
and opportunities-including the right to good health
Inter-professional collaboration - ANSWER
Collaborative action oriented toward a common
goal of improving quality & safety of patient care.
Involves responsibility, accountability,
coordination, communication, cooperation,
assertiveness, mutual respect, and autonomy.
HP2020 - ANSWER 4 goals:
1) attain high-quality lives preventable disease
2) achieve health equity, eliminate disparities,
improve health of all groups
3) create social and physical environments that
promote good health.
4) promote quality of life, healthy development,
and health
Determinants of Care - ANSWER Range of
personal, social, economic, and environmental
factors that influence health status
Risk Analysis - ANSWER Characterization of the
potential adverse health effects of human exposures
to environmental hazards
, health disparities - ANSWER Differences of
health statuses between various populations.
Sensitivity - ANSWER Measures the proportion of
actual positives that are correctly identified as such
(e.g., % of sick people who are correctly identified
as having the condition)
Specificity - ANSWER True negative rate
Measures actual negatives that are correctly
identified as such (e.g., % of healthy people who
are correctly ID's as not having the condition)
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - ANSWER
Probability that subjects with a positive screening
test truly have the disease
Epidemiological triangle - ANSWER Triad with
an external agent, host, and an environment that
cause the disease.
Environmental factors and genetics play a role.
Disease transmitted directly or indirectly.
Outright symptoms or subclinical disease.
Confounding Variable - ANSWER Extra variable
not accounted for and can ruin the experiment.