ESP ADULT ECHO PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT
1) Which is an example of a bioprostetic cardiac valve?
a) Starr-Edwards ball
b) Bjork-Shiley tilting disc
c) St Jude Medical bileaflet
d) Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial - ANSWER D) Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial
2) Doppler measures a pressure drop (gradient) by the Bernoulli equation. This
equation actually measures the ____ gradient across the valve.
a) mean
b) peak to peak
c) peak instantaneous
d) pressure half time - ANSWER C) peak instantaneous
3) When a patient has a clinical diagnosis of pericarditis:
a) a pericardial effusion is always present on echo
b) a pericardial effusion may not be present on echo
c) pericardial thicking is always present on echo
d) pericardial thickening must not be present on echo - ANSWER B) a pericardial
effusion may not be present on echo
In normal patients, most ventricular filling occurs:
a) with atrial contraction
b) in the first third of diastole
c) in the middle third of diastole
d) during the PR interval of the ECG - ANSWER B) in the first third of diastole
The patient you are examining has clear cut auscultatory and angiographic
evidence for mitral prolapse, yet the resting echocardiogram us normal. You should
then:
a) raise the patient's legs
b) perform a cold pressor test
,c) echo the patient in the standing position
d) gave the patient hold his breath in deep inspiration - ANSWER c) echo the patient
in the standing position
Tricuspid valve closure normally occurs:
a) before mitral closure
b) simultaneous with mitral closure
c) less than 0.06 sec after mitral closure
d) more than 0.06 sec after closure - ANSWER C) less than 0.06 sec after mitral
closure
Kawasaki's disease may lead to:
a) aortic valve prolapse
b) tricuspid regurgitation
c) coronary artery aneurysm
d) ruptured chordae tendineae - ANSWER C) coronary artery aneurysm
Which echocardiographic technique is best for the detection of mitral regurgitation
a) M-mode
b) pulsed Doppler
c) two dimensional
d) apexcardiogram - ANSWER B) pulsed doppler
A two-dimensional echocardiogram shows increased thickness of the ventricular walls
but normal LV size. The myocardium has a speckled appearance. Which type of
cardiomyopathy might this represent?
a) ischemic
b) congestive
c) infiltrative
d) hypertrophic obstructive - ANSWER c) infiltrative
Atrial myxomas are usually attached to the:
a) left atrial appendage
b) mitral valve leaflets
c) posterior left atrial free wall
d) fossa ovalis regions of the atrial septum - ANSWER D) fossa ovalis region of the
atrial septum
Which 2-D views are best for direct imaging of a discrete subaortic membrane?
, a) parasternal longand short axis views
b) apical five chamber and apical long axis
c) subcostal long axis and apical four chamber views
d) parasternal long axis and apical two chamber views - ANSWER B) apical five
chamber and apical long axis
The 2-D echocardiogram of teenage boy shows that the mid-portion of the atria l
septum cannot be seen. Which type of congential heart disease might this patient have?
a) supra-mitral ring
b) cor triatriatum
c) ostium primum ASD
d) ostium secunda ASD - ANSWER D) ostium secundum ASD
Which is the best placement of the Doppler transducer for recording maximum
velocities of flow across a bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position?
a) apical four chamber
b) parasternal long axis
c) subcostal four chamber
d) parasternal cross sectional - ANSWER A) apical four chamber
Premature opening of he pulmonary valve may be seen in:
a) cardiac tamponade
b) pulmonary insuffciency
c) constrictive pericarditis
d) acute severe pulmonary hypertension - ANSWER C) constictive pericarditis
When the velocity of blood flow exceeds the Doppler nyquist limit, the following
occurs.
a) damping
b) aliasing
c) mirroring
d) contouring - ANSWER B) aliasing
An underestimation of the severity of aortic stenosis by continuous wave Doppler
may occur with:
a) high gain settings
b) low cardiac output
AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT
1) Which is an example of a bioprostetic cardiac valve?
a) Starr-Edwards ball
b) Bjork-Shiley tilting disc
c) St Jude Medical bileaflet
d) Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial - ANSWER D) Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial
2) Doppler measures a pressure drop (gradient) by the Bernoulli equation. This
equation actually measures the ____ gradient across the valve.
a) mean
b) peak to peak
c) peak instantaneous
d) pressure half time - ANSWER C) peak instantaneous
3) When a patient has a clinical diagnosis of pericarditis:
a) a pericardial effusion is always present on echo
b) a pericardial effusion may not be present on echo
c) pericardial thicking is always present on echo
d) pericardial thickening must not be present on echo - ANSWER B) a pericardial
effusion may not be present on echo
In normal patients, most ventricular filling occurs:
a) with atrial contraction
b) in the first third of diastole
c) in the middle third of diastole
d) during the PR interval of the ECG - ANSWER B) in the first third of diastole
The patient you are examining has clear cut auscultatory and angiographic
evidence for mitral prolapse, yet the resting echocardiogram us normal. You should
then:
a) raise the patient's legs
b) perform a cold pressor test
,c) echo the patient in the standing position
d) gave the patient hold his breath in deep inspiration - ANSWER c) echo the patient
in the standing position
Tricuspid valve closure normally occurs:
a) before mitral closure
b) simultaneous with mitral closure
c) less than 0.06 sec after mitral closure
d) more than 0.06 sec after closure - ANSWER C) less than 0.06 sec after mitral
closure
Kawasaki's disease may lead to:
a) aortic valve prolapse
b) tricuspid regurgitation
c) coronary artery aneurysm
d) ruptured chordae tendineae - ANSWER C) coronary artery aneurysm
Which echocardiographic technique is best for the detection of mitral regurgitation
a) M-mode
b) pulsed Doppler
c) two dimensional
d) apexcardiogram - ANSWER B) pulsed doppler
A two-dimensional echocardiogram shows increased thickness of the ventricular walls
but normal LV size. The myocardium has a speckled appearance. Which type of
cardiomyopathy might this represent?
a) ischemic
b) congestive
c) infiltrative
d) hypertrophic obstructive - ANSWER c) infiltrative
Atrial myxomas are usually attached to the:
a) left atrial appendage
b) mitral valve leaflets
c) posterior left atrial free wall
d) fossa ovalis regions of the atrial septum - ANSWER D) fossa ovalis region of the
atrial septum
Which 2-D views are best for direct imaging of a discrete subaortic membrane?
, a) parasternal longand short axis views
b) apical five chamber and apical long axis
c) subcostal long axis and apical four chamber views
d) parasternal long axis and apical two chamber views - ANSWER B) apical five
chamber and apical long axis
The 2-D echocardiogram of teenage boy shows that the mid-portion of the atria l
septum cannot be seen. Which type of congential heart disease might this patient have?
a) supra-mitral ring
b) cor triatriatum
c) ostium primum ASD
d) ostium secunda ASD - ANSWER D) ostium secundum ASD
Which is the best placement of the Doppler transducer for recording maximum
velocities of flow across a bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position?
a) apical four chamber
b) parasternal long axis
c) subcostal four chamber
d) parasternal cross sectional - ANSWER A) apical four chamber
Premature opening of he pulmonary valve may be seen in:
a) cardiac tamponade
b) pulmonary insuffciency
c) constrictive pericarditis
d) acute severe pulmonary hypertension - ANSWER C) constictive pericarditis
When the velocity of blood flow exceeds the Doppler nyquist limit, the following
occurs.
a) damping
b) aliasing
c) mirroring
d) contouring - ANSWER B) aliasing
An underestimation of the severity of aortic stenosis by continuous wave Doppler
may occur with:
a) high gain settings
b) low cardiac output
