NR325 EXAM 1/Test Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

NR325 EXAM 1/Test Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct 1) A patient receives aspart (NovoLog) insulin at 8:00 AM. Which time will it be most important for the nurse to monitor for symptoms of hypoglycemia? a. 10:00 AM b. 12:00 AM c. 2:00 PM d. 4:00 PM ANSWER: A The rapid-acting insulins peak in 1 to 3 hours. me site is used consistently. 2) Which information will the nurse include when teaching a 50- year-old patient who has type 2 diabetes about glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta, Glynase)? a. Glyburide decreases glucagon secretion from the pancreas. b. Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas. c. Glyburide should be taken even if the morning blood glucose level is low. d. Glyburide should not be used for 48 hours after receiving IV contrast media. ANSWER: B The sulfonylureas stimulate the production and release of insulin from the pancreas 3) When a patient who takes metformin (Glucophage) to manage type 2 diabetes develops an allergic rash from an unknown cause, the health care provider prescribes prednisone (Deltasone). The nurse will anticipate that the patient may a. need a diet higher in calories while receiving prednisone. b. develop acute hypoglycemia while taking the prednisone. c. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone. d. have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions. ANSWER: C Glucose levels increase when patients are taking corticosteroids, and insulin may be required to control blood glucose. 4) The health care provider suspects the Somogyi effect in a 50- year old patient whose 6:00 AM blood glucose is 230 mg/dL. Which action will the nurse teach the patient to take? a. Avoid snacking at bedtime. b. Increase the rapid-acting insulin dose. c. Check the blood glucose during the night d. Administer a larger dose of long-acting insulin. ANSWER: C If the Somogyi effect is causing the patient's increased morning glucose level, the patient will experi 5) Which information will the nurse include in teaching a female patient who has peripheral arterial disease, type 2 diabetes, and sensory neuropathy of the feet and legs? a. Choose flat-soled leather shoes. b. Set heating pads on a low temperature. c. Use callus remover for corns or calluses. d. Soak feet in warm water for an hour each day. ANSWER: A The patient is taught to avoid high heels and that leather shoes are preferred. ence hypoglycemia between 2:00 and 4:00 AM. 6) A 56-year-old patient who is disoriented and reports a headache and muscle cramps is hospitalized with possible syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse would expect the initial laboratory results to include a(n) a. elevated hematocrit. b. decreased serum sodium. c. low urine specific gravity. d. increased serum chloride. ANSWER: B When water is retained, the serum sodium level will drop below normal, causing the clinical manifestations reported by the patient. 7) A patient who had radical neck surgery to remove a malignant tumor developed hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should plan to teach the patient about a. bisphosphonates to reduce bone demineralization. b. calcium supplements to normalize serum calcium levels. c. increasing fluid intake to decrease risk for nephrolithiasis. d. including whole grains in the diet to prevent constipation. ANSWER: B Oral calcium supplements are used to maintain the serum calcium in normal range and prevent the complications of hypocalcemia.