NU606 EXAM
NU606 Exam 1 (2025/2026) QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is the definition of Health as set forth by the WHO in 1948? - Health is a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease
and infirmity.
Etiology - the cause of a disease or abnormal condition
Pathogenesis - development of disease; how does it evolve
Morphology - Refers to shape, change in cells or tissue
Manifestations - signs and symptoms of disease; appearance of the illness
Signs and Symptoms - Signs: Objective (Temperature taken by thermometer)
Symptoms: Subjective ("I feel hot")
Syndrome - A compilation of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a specific
disease state.
Physiology - The study of body function
Pathophysiology - the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
NU606 EXAM
,NU606 EXAM
Signs and symptoms may be related to _________ - The primary disorder or they
represent the body's attempt to compensate for the altered FN caused by the pathologic
condition.
True or False: Many pathogenic states are not observed directly. - True
True or False: You may not be able to a patient hemorrhaging, but you can see that the
patient's body is trying compensate for blood loss by being tachycardic - True
Clinical Course - Describes evolution of disease
-acute, subacute, chronic
Acute Disease - symptoms develop rapidly but the disease lasts only a short time
Subacute Disease - symptoms between acute and chronic, not as severe as an acute
disease and not as prolonged as a chronic disease
Chronic Disease - an ongoing condition or illness, typically not severe
5 Etiologic Factors and Examples - 1. Biologic Agents
- Hep C
2. Physical Forces
- Car accidents
3. Chemical Agents
- Poison
4. Nutritional excesses or deficits
- Increased fat in diet
NU606 EXAM
,NU606 EXAM
5. Genetic Inheritance
- Sickle Cell
Diagnosis - designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem
Reliability - the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the
consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on
retesting
Validity - The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
Sensitivity and Specificity - how well the test or observation identifies people with or
without a disease
Predictive Value - extent to which a test can differentiate between presence or absence of
a person's condition
disease case - can be either an existing case or the number of new episodes of a particular
illness
Incidence - number of new cases
Prevalence - A measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Epidemiology - Study of disease occurrence in the human population
Morbidity - describes the effects an illness has on a person's life
NU606 EXAM
, NU606 EXAM
Mortality - Pertains to the cause of death in a given population
What does natural history refer to? - Refers to progression and projection without
medical intervention
3 Levels of Disease Prevention - 1. Primary Prevention: removing risk factors, so disease
does not occur
- Immunizations
2. Secondary Prevention: detecting disease when still curable
- Pap smears
3. Tertiary Prevention: preventing further deterioration or reducing complications of
disease
- Antibiotic Use
Evidence-based practice - clinical decision making that integrates the best available
research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
Clinical Practice Guidelines - Recommendations based on evidence that serve as useful
tools to direct clinical practice
3 Types of Studies to determine risk factors - 1. Cross-Sectional Studies
2. Case-control studies
3. Cohort studies
Cross-sectional Studies - Simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure and
outcome status
NU606 EXAM
NU606 Exam 1 (2025/2026) QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is the definition of Health as set forth by the WHO in 1948? - Health is a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease
and infirmity.
Etiology - the cause of a disease or abnormal condition
Pathogenesis - development of disease; how does it evolve
Morphology - Refers to shape, change in cells or tissue
Manifestations - signs and symptoms of disease; appearance of the illness
Signs and Symptoms - Signs: Objective (Temperature taken by thermometer)
Symptoms: Subjective ("I feel hot")
Syndrome - A compilation of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a specific
disease state.
Physiology - The study of body function
Pathophysiology - the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
NU606 EXAM
,NU606 EXAM
Signs and symptoms may be related to _________ - The primary disorder or they
represent the body's attempt to compensate for the altered FN caused by the pathologic
condition.
True or False: Many pathogenic states are not observed directly. - True
True or False: You may not be able to a patient hemorrhaging, but you can see that the
patient's body is trying compensate for blood loss by being tachycardic - True
Clinical Course - Describes evolution of disease
-acute, subacute, chronic
Acute Disease - symptoms develop rapidly but the disease lasts only a short time
Subacute Disease - symptoms between acute and chronic, not as severe as an acute
disease and not as prolonged as a chronic disease
Chronic Disease - an ongoing condition or illness, typically not severe
5 Etiologic Factors and Examples - 1. Biologic Agents
- Hep C
2. Physical Forces
- Car accidents
3. Chemical Agents
- Poison
4. Nutritional excesses or deficits
- Increased fat in diet
NU606 EXAM
,NU606 EXAM
5. Genetic Inheritance
- Sickle Cell
Diagnosis - designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem
Reliability - the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the
consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on
retesting
Validity - The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
Sensitivity and Specificity - how well the test or observation identifies people with or
without a disease
Predictive Value - extent to which a test can differentiate between presence or absence of
a person's condition
disease case - can be either an existing case or the number of new episodes of a particular
illness
Incidence - number of new cases
Prevalence - A measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Epidemiology - Study of disease occurrence in the human population
Morbidity - describes the effects an illness has on a person's life
NU606 EXAM
, NU606 EXAM
Mortality - Pertains to the cause of death in a given population
What does natural history refer to? - Refers to progression and projection without
medical intervention
3 Levels of Disease Prevention - 1. Primary Prevention: removing risk factors, so disease
does not occur
- Immunizations
2. Secondary Prevention: detecting disease when still curable
- Pap smears
3. Tertiary Prevention: preventing further deterioration or reducing complications of
disease
- Antibiotic Use
Evidence-based practice - clinical decision making that integrates the best available
research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
Clinical Practice Guidelines - Recommendations based on evidence that serve as useful
tools to direct clinical practice
3 Types of Studies to determine risk factors - 1. Cross-Sectional Studies
2. Case-control studies
3. Cohort studies
Cross-sectional Studies - Simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure and
outcome status
NU606 EXAM
