NUR 661 EXAM 1 STUDY SET EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
o What is the 15/15/15 rule? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAdmin 15g of fast-acting carbs
o Wait 15 min. & recheck BG
o Admin 15g of carbs if BG remains <70 mg/dL
o *give 7g protein when BG WNL (i.e. 2 tbs. peanut butter; 1 oz. cheese; 8 oz. milk)
o List the 3 P's of Type 2 DM - CORRECT-ANSWERS*Polyuris
o *Polydipsia
o *Polyphagia
o (Fatigue, poor wounds healing, cardiovascular disease, visual disturbances, renal
insufficiency, recurrent infections)
o Pathology of Type 2 DM - CORRECT-ANSWERSInadequate insulin production (lack of
insulin) and cells resist glucose from entering (Insulin resistance)
o Pancreas beta cells fail
o What does Type 2 DM require? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncreased insulin needed
, o Type 2 DM usually occurs after what age? - CORRECT-ANSWERSafter age 30
o List common complications of DM - CORRECT-ANSWERSHyperglycemic
hyperosmolar State (HHS)
o DKA
o *see table 44.7
o What is HHS? - CORRECT-ANSWERS*BG > 600 mg/dL
o Hyperosmolar state - osmotic diuresis - serum osmolality 320
o Profound dehydration
o Serum pH > 7.4
o Sodium Bicarb > 15 mEq/L
o *Low to absent ketonuria
o Altered LOC
o Hypotension and tachycardia
o *Elevated BUN (kidneys)
o What would a nurse be concerned about if a pt had protein in their urine? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRenal damage
o List nursing interventions for HHS. - CORRECT-ANSWERSReplace fluids as prescribed
(monitor for overload!)
o Administer insulin & electrolytes as ordered
o Monitor BG, LOC, VS, electrolyte levels, & acid-base balance
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
o What is the 15/15/15 rule? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAdmin 15g of fast-acting carbs
o Wait 15 min. & recheck BG
o Admin 15g of carbs if BG remains <70 mg/dL
o *give 7g protein when BG WNL (i.e. 2 tbs. peanut butter; 1 oz. cheese; 8 oz. milk)
o List the 3 P's of Type 2 DM - CORRECT-ANSWERS*Polyuris
o *Polydipsia
o *Polyphagia
o (Fatigue, poor wounds healing, cardiovascular disease, visual disturbances, renal
insufficiency, recurrent infections)
o Pathology of Type 2 DM - CORRECT-ANSWERSInadequate insulin production (lack of
insulin) and cells resist glucose from entering (Insulin resistance)
o Pancreas beta cells fail
o What does Type 2 DM require? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncreased insulin needed
, o Type 2 DM usually occurs after what age? - CORRECT-ANSWERSafter age 30
o List common complications of DM - CORRECT-ANSWERSHyperglycemic
hyperosmolar State (HHS)
o DKA
o *see table 44.7
o What is HHS? - CORRECT-ANSWERS*BG > 600 mg/dL
o Hyperosmolar state - osmotic diuresis - serum osmolality 320
o Profound dehydration
o Serum pH > 7.4
o Sodium Bicarb > 15 mEq/L
o *Low to absent ketonuria
o Altered LOC
o Hypotension and tachycardia
o *Elevated BUN (kidneys)
o What would a nurse be concerned about if a pt had protein in their urine? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRenal damage
o List nursing interventions for HHS. - CORRECT-ANSWERSReplace fluids as prescribed
(monitor for overload!)
o Administer insulin & electrolytes as ordered
o Monitor BG, LOC, VS, electrolyte levels, & acid-base balance
