FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER Exam Study Guide
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Quinolones uses - ANSWER Ciprofloxacin(ipro) BID -Anthrax infection and prophylaxis
Travelers diarrhea (Cipro)
Ofloxacin(Floxin)BID-UTI, pyelonephritis, epididumitis, prostatitis.
Black box warning : risk of tendinitis and achilles tendinopathy/rupture.
Broad-spectrum quinlones- Levofloxacin has increased risk of hypoglycemia
Levofloxacin(Levaquin) daily- CAP, acute exac of chronic bronchitis, pyelonephritis,
epididymitis, prostatitis,
Moxifloxacin(Avelox) daily-Osteomyelitis, sinusitis, AOM
Gemiflxacin (Factive)
Topical
Floxin Otic gts-OM with perforated TM, otitis Externa
Ocuflox opthalmic gtts-bacterial conjunctivitis
Topical Nasal Decongestants - ANSWER Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray(Afrin),
Phenylephrine(Neo-Synephrine)
short term use i considered safe (BID PRN x 3),
rhinitis medicamentosa is due to chronic use(greater than 3 days) of nasal
decongestants)
Antihistamines - ANSWER Diphenhydramine(Benadryl)
Loratadine(cclaritin)
Cetrizine(Zyrtec)-more potent and long acting.
Sulfonamides - ANSWER Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) Bactrim DS
BID- prophylaxis treatment of PCP, MRSA cellulitis, UTIs, pyelonephritis
aspirin toxicity - ANSWER if pt c/o tinnitus(possible asa toxicity), asa given post MI or
after stroke is considered tertiary prevention.
Tylenol - ANSWER max dose up to 4 gm, considered 1st line drug for pain from
osteoarthritis, the antidote for tylenol overdose is acetylcysteine
oral steroids - ANSWER prednisone 40 to 60 for 3-4 days , does not need to be
,weaned.
Methylprednisolone(Medrol Dose Pack) x 7 days. Does not need to be weaned
Topical steroids - ANSWER Classification (class 1 (superpotent) to class 7(least
potent)
-superpotent(class 1)-clobetasol(Temovate)
-Potent-halocinonide (Halog)
-Moderate-triamcinolone(Kenalog)
-Least potent (Class 7)-hydrocortisone
Acutely inflamed joints(knee/hip/shoulders/elbows) - ANSWER cn be treated with intra-
articular triamcinolone(Kenolog) injections up to 3 times per year.
poison ivy or poison oak - ANSWER severe case of poison ivy case or poison oak rash
may require 14 to 21 days of an oral steroid to clear
Tapering weaning drugs - ANSWER beta-clockers(rebound htn, or htn
crisis)benzodiazepines(severe anxiety, insomnia, seizures, tremors)
Oral Steroids
Anticonvulstants
Antipsychotics
Antiarrythmics
Paroxetine or Paxil
Controled substance act-US FDA DEA - ANSWER Schedule I drugs(heroin,
ecstasy/MDMA, PCP, -illegal to prescribe
Schedule 2(Demerol, Dilaudid, Oxycontin, cocaine, amphetamines)-only the original
prescription with the physicians signature acceptable
Schedule 3(Tylenol with codein, Vicodin, nabolic steroids, testosterone, )
Schedule4(benzodiazepines, ambien, lunesta, Soma)
Schedule 5(cough medicine with less than 200mg codeine, Lomotil,Lyrica)
Schedule 4,5 acn be mailed to the matient. some states allow NPs to prescribe lower
level controlled substance
For all controlled substance: Must have the prescribers and the supervising physicians
name/DEA number with the clinic address on the pad. Some states do not require
supervising physician.
List of Category X drugs - ANSWER Finasteride(proscar, propecia)-reproductive aged
or pregnant women should not handle crushed finasteride tablets
Isotretinoin(Accutane)
Warfarin sodium(coumadin)
Misoprostol(Cytotec)
,Androgenic hormones: birth control pills, HRT, testosterone
Live virus vaccines(measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, rotavirus, flumist)
Thalidomide, DES, methimazole
FDA category classification - ANSWER Category A
Adequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the
first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters).
Category B
Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are
no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Category C
Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no
adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use
of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category D
There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from
investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may
warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category X
Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is
positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from
investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in
pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.
Category N
FDA has not classified the drug.
Prescription pads - ANSWER the NPs prescription pads should contain the following
information:
NPs name/designation/license number
Supervising physician name.
clinic address(if multiple sites, the sites where the NP works should be listed on the
pad)
mortality statistics - ANSWER Leading cause of death(all ages/genders)
-heart disease(or diseases of heart)
-
cancer
, -hronic lung diseases
Cancer mortality - ANSWER leading cause of cancer death
-lung cancer
most common cancer
-skin cancer
most common type of skin cancer:
-basal cell cancer(but melanoma causes 75% of deaths from skin cancers)
Sensitivity - ANSWER these screening test detect individuals who have the disease.
highly sensitive tests have higher risk of "false positive"
for example, the HIV ELISA has a 99% sensitivity for HIV antibodies, but it is too
sensitive and can be "false positive)
the next step is the Western Blot tet, which is very specific for HIV (the confirmatory
test)
Specificity - ANSWER these screenings tests detect individuals who do not have the
disease. For example
for example, a positive HIV ELISA results is always "confirmed" with the Wwestern Blot
test, which is very specific for HIV antibodies.
The Western Blot test is the "onfirmatory test " for HIV. It is better at ruling out a person
who does not have the disease
Primary prevention - ANSWER Prevention of Disease.Injury
nutrition, exercise, gun safety,
Secondary Prevention - ANSWER early detection of a disease to minimize bodily
damage
-screening test(pap, mamogram, cbc for anemia)
-screening for depression
-screening for STD
screening for alcohol abuse
tertiary prevention - ANSWER rehabilitation, support groups, education on equipment
-support groups
education with preexisting disease(DM, HTN
-PT, OT,
exercise prgrams for obese children
Acute angle glaucoma - ANSWER elderly pt with onset of severe eye pain
accompanied by headache, nausea/vomiting, halos around lights, and decreased vision
examination reveals:mid dilated pupil that is oval shaped, cornea is cloudy,
fundoscopics exam reveals cupping of optic nerve.
Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Quinolones uses - ANSWER Ciprofloxacin(ipro) BID -Anthrax infection and prophylaxis
Travelers diarrhea (Cipro)
Ofloxacin(Floxin)BID-UTI, pyelonephritis, epididumitis, prostatitis.
Black box warning : risk of tendinitis and achilles tendinopathy/rupture.
Broad-spectrum quinlones- Levofloxacin has increased risk of hypoglycemia
Levofloxacin(Levaquin) daily- CAP, acute exac of chronic bronchitis, pyelonephritis,
epididymitis, prostatitis,
Moxifloxacin(Avelox) daily-Osteomyelitis, sinusitis, AOM
Gemiflxacin (Factive)
Topical
Floxin Otic gts-OM with perforated TM, otitis Externa
Ocuflox opthalmic gtts-bacterial conjunctivitis
Topical Nasal Decongestants - ANSWER Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray(Afrin),
Phenylephrine(Neo-Synephrine)
short term use i considered safe (BID PRN x 3),
rhinitis medicamentosa is due to chronic use(greater than 3 days) of nasal
decongestants)
Antihistamines - ANSWER Diphenhydramine(Benadryl)
Loratadine(cclaritin)
Cetrizine(Zyrtec)-more potent and long acting.
Sulfonamides - ANSWER Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) Bactrim DS
BID- prophylaxis treatment of PCP, MRSA cellulitis, UTIs, pyelonephritis
aspirin toxicity - ANSWER if pt c/o tinnitus(possible asa toxicity), asa given post MI or
after stroke is considered tertiary prevention.
Tylenol - ANSWER max dose up to 4 gm, considered 1st line drug for pain from
osteoarthritis, the antidote for tylenol overdose is acetylcysteine
oral steroids - ANSWER prednisone 40 to 60 for 3-4 days , does not need to be
,weaned.
Methylprednisolone(Medrol Dose Pack) x 7 days. Does not need to be weaned
Topical steroids - ANSWER Classification (class 1 (superpotent) to class 7(least
potent)
-superpotent(class 1)-clobetasol(Temovate)
-Potent-halocinonide (Halog)
-Moderate-triamcinolone(Kenalog)
-Least potent (Class 7)-hydrocortisone
Acutely inflamed joints(knee/hip/shoulders/elbows) - ANSWER cn be treated with intra-
articular triamcinolone(Kenolog) injections up to 3 times per year.
poison ivy or poison oak - ANSWER severe case of poison ivy case or poison oak rash
may require 14 to 21 days of an oral steroid to clear
Tapering weaning drugs - ANSWER beta-clockers(rebound htn, or htn
crisis)benzodiazepines(severe anxiety, insomnia, seizures, tremors)
Oral Steroids
Anticonvulstants
Antipsychotics
Antiarrythmics
Paroxetine or Paxil
Controled substance act-US FDA DEA - ANSWER Schedule I drugs(heroin,
ecstasy/MDMA, PCP, -illegal to prescribe
Schedule 2(Demerol, Dilaudid, Oxycontin, cocaine, amphetamines)-only the original
prescription with the physicians signature acceptable
Schedule 3(Tylenol with codein, Vicodin, nabolic steroids, testosterone, )
Schedule4(benzodiazepines, ambien, lunesta, Soma)
Schedule 5(cough medicine with less than 200mg codeine, Lomotil,Lyrica)
Schedule 4,5 acn be mailed to the matient. some states allow NPs to prescribe lower
level controlled substance
For all controlled substance: Must have the prescribers and the supervising physicians
name/DEA number with the clinic address on the pad. Some states do not require
supervising physician.
List of Category X drugs - ANSWER Finasteride(proscar, propecia)-reproductive aged
or pregnant women should not handle crushed finasteride tablets
Isotretinoin(Accutane)
Warfarin sodium(coumadin)
Misoprostol(Cytotec)
,Androgenic hormones: birth control pills, HRT, testosterone
Live virus vaccines(measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, rotavirus, flumist)
Thalidomide, DES, methimazole
FDA category classification - ANSWER Category A
Adequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the
first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters).
Category B
Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are
no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Category C
Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no
adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use
of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category D
There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from
investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may
warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category X
Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is
positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from
investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in
pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.
Category N
FDA has not classified the drug.
Prescription pads - ANSWER the NPs prescription pads should contain the following
information:
NPs name/designation/license number
Supervising physician name.
clinic address(if multiple sites, the sites where the NP works should be listed on the
pad)
mortality statistics - ANSWER Leading cause of death(all ages/genders)
-heart disease(or diseases of heart)
-
cancer
, -hronic lung diseases
Cancer mortality - ANSWER leading cause of cancer death
-lung cancer
most common cancer
-skin cancer
most common type of skin cancer:
-basal cell cancer(but melanoma causes 75% of deaths from skin cancers)
Sensitivity - ANSWER these screening test detect individuals who have the disease.
highly sensitive tests have higher risk of "false positive"
for example, the HIV ELISA has a 99% sensitivity for HIV antibodies, but it is too
sensitive and can be "false positive)
the next step is the Western Blot tet, which is very specific for HIV (the confirmatory
test)
Specificity - ANSWER these screenings tests detect individuals who do not have the
disease. For example
for example, a positive HIV ELISA results is always "confirmed" with the Wwestern Blot
test, which is very specific for HIV antibodies.
The Western Blot test is the "onfirmatory test " for HIV. It is better at ruling out a person
who does not have the disease
Primary prevention - ANSWER Prevention of Disease.Injury
nutrition, exercise, gun safety,
Secondary Prevention - ANSWER early detection of a disease to minimize bodily
damage
-screening test(pap, mamogram, cbc for anemia)
-screening for depression
-screening for STD
screening for alcohol abuse
tertiary prevention - ANSWER rehabilitation, support groups, education on equipment
-support groups
education with preexisting disease(DM, HTN
-PT, OT,
exercise prgrams for obese children
Acute angle glaucoma - ANSWER elderly pt with onset of severe eye pain
accompanied by headache, nausea/vomiting, halos around lights, and decreased vision
examination reveals:mid dilated pupil that is oval shaped, cornea is cloudy,
fundoscopics exam reveals cupping of optic nerve.
