Btec applied science biology unit 6 learning aim b Unit 6: investigative
project Learning Aim B: produce a plan for an investigative project
based on the proposal Assignment title: Project Planning, Full
Assignment,UPDATED 2025
1. Describe the function of the nucleolus: Produces ribosomes and RNA
2. Describe the function of the cell wall: Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
3. Describe the function of the chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis as they
contain chlorophyll
4. Describe the function of the plasmodesmata: A channel through the cell wall
the allows transport of materials from one cell to another
5. Describe the function of the amyoplasts: Stores starch and converts starch
back into glucose when the plant needs energy
6. Describe the function of the vacuole: Stores water and chemicals for cell use.
Also maintains turgor of cell
7. Describe the function of the tonoplasts: Membrane the surrounds the vacuole.
Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in
and out of the vacuole
8. Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics?: Permeable
cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
9. Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell: Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
10. Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts: To absorb
lots of light for photosynthesis
11. Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together: To form a continu-
ous layer in the leaf
12. Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole: To maintain turgor (pushes
against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
13. Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell: Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
14. Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root
hair: Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
15. Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole: Contains cell sap with low
water potential to encourage water into the cell
16. Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls: Encourage movement
of water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
17. Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell: Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
1/7
, Btec applied science biology unit 6 learning aim b Unit 6: investigative
project Learning Aim B: produce a plan for an investigative project base
on the proposal Assignment title: Project Planning
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5mol2
18. Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail): To allow the sperm to
move to the egg
19. Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria: To pro-
duce the large amounts of energy needed for movement
20. Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head: To push through the protective
layer of the egg cell
21. Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head: To digest the zona
pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
22. Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus: Contains half the genetic
material.
23. Describe the adaptations of egg cells: Contains a haploid nucleus
Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
24. Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus: Contains half the genetic
material
25. Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer): Protects the
cell and only allows one sperm cell to enter.
26. Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached
to the zona pellucida): Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised
cell
27. Describe the adaptations of red blood cells: No nucleus (mammals only)
Biconcave shape
Haemoglobin
Flexible
28. Explain why red blood cells don't contain a nucleus: Allows for more oxygen
to be carried in the cell
29. Explain why red blood cells have a biconcave shape: Increased surface area
for gas exchange
30. Explain why red blood cells contain haemoglobin: To bind with the oxygen
in order for it to be carried around the body
31. Explain why red blood cells are flexible: To fit through the tiny blood vessels
such as capillaries
32. Describe the adaptations of white blood cells: Multi-lobed nucleus
Enzymes found within the lysosomes
33. Explain why white blood cells have a multi-lobed nucleus: To enable the cell
to squeeze through tiny gaps when travelling to the site of infection
2/7
project Learning Aim B: produce a plan for an investigative project
based on the proposal Assignment title: Project Planning, Full
Assignment,UPDATED 2025
1. Describe the function of the nucleolus: Produces ribosomes and RNA
2. Describe the function of the cell wall: Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
3. Describe the function of the chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis as they
contain chlorophyll
4. Describe the function of the plasmodesmata: A channel through the cell wall
the allows transport of materials from one cell to another
5. Describe the function of the amyoplasts: Stores starch and converts starch
back into glucose when the plant needs energy
6. Describe the function of the vacuole: Stores water and chemicals for cell use.
Also maintains turgor of cell
7. Describe the function of the tonoplasts: Membrane the surrounds the vacuole.
Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in
and out of the vacuole
8. Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics?: Permeable
cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
9. Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell: Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
10. Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts: To absorb
lots of light for photosynthesis
11. Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together: To form a continu-
ous layer in the leaf
12. Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole: To maintain turgor (pushes
against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
13. Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell: Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
14. Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root
hair: Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
15. Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole: Contains cell sap with low
water potential to encourage water into the cell
16. Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls: Encourage movement
of water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
17. Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell: Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
1/7
, Btec applied science biology unit 6 learning aim b Unit 6: investigative
project Learning Aim B: produce a plan for an investigative project base
on the proposal Assignment title: Project Planning
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5mol2
18. Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail): To allow the sperm to
move to the egg
19. Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria: To pro-
duce the large amounts of energy needed for movement
20. Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head: To push through the protective
layer of the egg cell
21. Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head: To digest the zona
pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
22. Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus: Contains half the genetic
material.
23. Describe the adaptations of egg cells: Contains a haploid nucleus
Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
24. Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus: Contains half the genetic
material
25. Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer): Protects the
cell and only allows one sperm cell to enter.
26. Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached
to the zona pellucida): Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised
cell
27. Describe the adaptations of red blood cells: No nucleus (mammals only)
Biconcave shape
Haemoglobin
Flexible
28. Explain why red blood cells don't contain a nucleus: Allows for more oxygen
to be carried in the cell
29. Explain why red blood cells have a biconcave shape: Increased surface area
for gas exchange
30. Explain why red blood cells contain haemoglobin: To bind with the oxygen
in order for it to be carried around the body
31. Explain why red blood cells are flexible: To fit through the tiny blood vessels
such as capillaries
32. Describe the adaptations of white blood cells: Multi-lobed nucleus
Enzymes found within the lysosomes
33. Explain why white blood cells have a multi-lobed nucleus: To enable the cell
to squeeze through tiny gaps when travelling to the site of infection
2/7
