COMMUNICATION SCIENCE
PART A : SPEECH –LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
“UNIT 1: SPEECH, LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION”
a)Definitions of speech, language, communication, and their components
Communication:
Communication is a process by which an individual interacts with an environment or with himself
Van Hathur (1980)
Speech:
Speech is a form of communication in which transmission of information takes place by means of speech
waves which are in the form of acoustic energy
Fant (1960)
Language:
Language is a verbal systematic symbolism
Whatmongh (1957)
COMPONENTS OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION
-Context
-Speaker or encoder
-Message
-Medium
,-Receiver or decoder
-Feedback(Internal and External)
CONTEXT
Every message (Oral or written), begins with context. Context is a very broad field that consists
different aspects.
SPEAKER OR ENCODER
Encoder is the person who sends message. In oral communication the encoder is speaker, and in
written communication writer is the encoder. An encoder uses combination of symbols, words, graphs
and pictures understandable by the receiver, to best convey his message in order to achieve his desired
response.
(Encoding is the process of turning our thoughts into words and sending a message either verbally or non
verbally)
MESSAGE
Messages are the building blocks of communication Message is the information that is
exchanged between sender and receiver. The first task is to decide what you want to communicate
and what would be the content of your message; what are the main points of your message and what
other information to include. The central idea of the message must be clear. While writing the message,
encoder should keep in mind all aspects of context and the receiver (How he will interpret the message).
Messages can be intentional and unintentional
CHANNEL OR MEDIUM
Medium is the channel through which encoder will communicate his message
Different channels include face-to-face, text messages, social media, and radio
,RECIEVER OR DECODER
The person to whom the message is being sent is called ‘receiver’/’decoder’. Receiver may be a listener
or a reader depending on the choice of medium by sender to transmit the message.Receiver is also
influenced by the context, internal and external stimuli.
Receiver is the person who interprets the message, so higher the chances are of mis-communication
because of receivers perception, opinion, attitude and personality.
(Decoding is receiving a message and understanding its meaning)
FEEDBACK
Response or reaction of the receiver, to a message, is called ‘feedback’. Feedback may be written or oral
message, an action or simply, silence may also be a feedback to a message.
Communication is said to be effective only when it receives some feedback. Feedback, actually,
completes the loop of communication.
a.) Internal Feedback
Is the self feedback which controls the output of the speech behaviour
b.) External Feedback
Is the feedback given by the receiver
REFERENCE
An Introduction to Communication Studies By Sheila Steinberg
COMPONENTS OF LANGUAGE
-Phonology
-Morphology
-Semantics
-Syntax
, -Pragmatics
PHONOLOGY
The sound system of a language and the linguistic rules that govern the sound combinations
MORPHOLOGY
The linguistic rule system that govern the structure of words and the construction of word forms from the
basic elements of meaning
SYNTAX
The linguistic rule that governs the order and combination of words to form sentences and the
relationships among the elements within a sentence
SEMANTICS
The psycholinguistic system that patterns the content of an utterance,intent, and meanings of words and
sentence
PRAGMATICS
The sociolinguistic system that patterns the use of language in communication which may be expressed
motorically, vocally, or verbally.
COMPONENTS OF SPEECH
-Voice
-Fluency
-Prosody
-Articulation
PART A : SPEECH –LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
“UNIT 1: SPEECH, LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION”
a)Definitions of speech, language, communication, and their components
Communication:
Communication is a process by which an individual interacts with an environment or with himself
Van Hathur (1980)
Speech:
Speech is a form of communication in which transmission of information takes place by means of speech
waves which are in the form of acoustic energy
Fant (1960)
Language:
Language is a verbal systematic symbolism
Whatmongh (1957)
COMPONENTS OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION
-Context
-Speaker or encoder
-Message
-Medium
,-Receiver or decoder
-Feedback(Internal and External)
CONTEXT
Every message (Oral or written), begins with context. Context is a very broad field that consists
different aspects.
SPEAKER OR ENCODER
Encoder is the person who sends message. In oral communication the encoder is speaker, and in
written communication writer is the encoder. An encoder uses combination of symbols, words, graphs
and pictures understandable by the receiver, to best convey his message in order to achieve his desired
response.
(Encoding is the process of turning our thoughts into words and sending a message either verbally or non
verbally)
MESSAGE
Messages are the building blocks of communication Message is the information that is
exchanged between sender and receiver. The first task is to decide what you want to communicate
and what would be the content of your message; what are the main points of your message and what
other information to include. The central idea of the message must be clear. While writing the message,
encoder should keep in mind all aspects of context and the receiver (How he will interpret the message).
Messages can be intentional and unintentional
CHANNEL OR MEDIUM
Medium is the channel through which encoder will communicate his message
Different channels include face-to-face, text messages, social media, and radio
,RECIEVER OR DECODER
The person to whom the message is being sent is called ‘receiver’/’decoder’. Receiver may be a listener
or a reader depending on the choice of medium by sender to transmit the message.Receiver is also
influenced by the context, internal and external stimuli.
Receiver is the person who interprets the message, so higher the chances are of mis-communication
because of receivers perception, opinion, attitude and personality.
(Decoding is receiving a message and understanding its meaning)
FEEDBACK
Response or reaction of the receiver, to a message, is called ‘feedback’. Feedback may be written or oral
message, an action or simply, silence may also be a feedback to a message.
Communication is said to be effective only when it receives some feedback. Feedback, actually,
completes the loop of communication.
a.) Internal Feedback
Is the self feedback which controls the output of the speech behaviour
b.) External Feedback
Is the feedback given by the receiver
REFERENCE
An Introduction to Communication Studies By Sheila Steinberg
COMPONENTS OF LANGUAGE
-Phonology
-Morphology
-Semantics
-Syntax
, -Pragmatics
PHONOLOGY
The sound system of a language and the linguistic rules that govern the sound combinations
MORPHOLOGY
The linguistic rule system that govern the structure of words and the construction of word forms from the
basic elements of meaning
SYNTAX
The linguistic rule that governs the order and combination of words to form sentences and the
relationships among the elements within a sentence
SEMANTICS
The psycholinguistic system that patterns the content of an utterance,intent, and meanings of words and
sentence
PRAGMATICS
The sociolinguistic system that patterns the use of language in communication which may be expressed
motorically, vocally, or verbally.
COMPONENTS OF SPEECH
-Voice
-Fluency
-Prosody
-Articulation
