CMN 572 UNIT 2 QUESTIONS |
GUARANTEED ACCURATE
ANSWERS |LATEST VERSION
2025\26
Hypertension guidelines: Classification of BP - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Normal <120/80
Elevated 120-129/<80
Stage 1 hypertension 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 hypertension >140/90
*** always based on an accurate measurement and average of >2
readings over >2 occasions
Circumstances for screening for secondary hypertension - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Presence of drug resistance or drug induced HTN
Abrupt onset
Onset in young person <30
Exacerbation of previously controlled HTN
Disproportionate target organ damage for degree of HTN
Accelerated or malignant HTN
Onset of diastolic HTN in older adults >65
Unprovoked or excessive hyperkalemia
,HTN in children - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Elevated BP is more
common among Hispanic and non-Hispanic African American children
compared with non-Hispanic white children.
BP should be measured at least annually among all children at age 3
years and older. BP should also be measured at every clinical encounter
after the third birthday if risk factors such as obesity are present.
Definitions for elevated BP and HTN among children ages 1 to 13 years
are as follows: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Normal: Less than the
90th percentile based on age, sex, and height
Elevated: 90th to less than the 95th percentile, or 120/80 mm Hg to less
than the 95th percentile (whichever is lower)
Stage I HTN: More than the 95th percentile to less than the 95th
percentile plus 12 mm Hg, or 130/80 to 139/89 mm Hg (whichever is
lower)
Stage II HTN: More than the 95th percentile plus 12 mm Hg, or 140/90
mm Hg or more (whichever is lower)
Definitions for elevated BP and HTN among adolescents aged 13 years
and older are as follows: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Normal: Less
than 120/80 mm Hg
Elevated BP: 120/<80 to 129/<80 mm Hg
Stage I HTN: 130/80 to 139/89 mm Hg
Stage II HTN: 140/90 mm Hg or more
,HTN in children facts - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ HTN should only
be diagnosed after at least 3 episodes of elevated BP on auscultation.
Oscillometric devices may be used to measure children's BP, provided
the device has been validated in the pediatric population. Elevated BP
should be confirmed by auscultation.
Ambulatory BP measurements should be performed to confirm the
diagnosis of HTN. Such measurements should be used in cases of
suspected white-coat HTN.
Routine electrocardiography for children and adolescents with HTN is
unnecessary.
Echocardiography should be performed at the time of consideration of
treatment of HTN. Annual echocardiography should be considered for
children with poorly controlled HTN.
The goal of treatment of children with elevated BP - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Return to a BP of less than the 90th percentile based on
age, sex, and height. Children 13 years and older should have a BP target
of less than 130/80 mm Hg.
Pharmacologic treatment of HTN in children - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ If pharmacologic treatment is necessary, angiotensin-
converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers,
long-acting calcium channel blockers, or thiazide diuretics are preferred.
Children with HTN and sports - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Children
and adolescents may participate in sports once they have been evaluated
, for possible end-organ disease. However, uncontrolled BP at or beyond
stage II HTN thresholds is a contraindication to play.
Children with HTN diet and exercise - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Children and parents should be informed about the Dietary Approaches
to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and encouraged to participate in
vigorous physical activity for at least 30 minutes 3 to 5 times per week.
Measurement of BP in adults - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The
guideline recommends greater use of out-of-office BP measurements to
confirm the diagnosis of hypertension and titrate medication. In adults
who are not using antihypertensive drugs, ambulatory BP monitoring
(ABPM) or home BP monitoring (HBPM) should be used to detect
white coat hypertension (high office BP but normal out-of-office BP)
and masked hypertension (normal office BP but high out-of-office BP)
White coat hypertension is associated with a CVD risk approximating
that of normal BP, whereas masked hypertension carries a CVD risk
similar to that of sustained hypertension. In adults already using
antihypertensive drugs, the guideline recommends screening for masked
uncontrolled hypertension if the office BP is at goal but CVD risk is
increased or target organ damage is present. If the office BP is more than
5 to 10 mm Hg above goal in a patient using 3 or more antihypertensive
drugs, the guideline recommends HBPM to detect a white coat effect.
Thiazide diuretics - Good side - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ They are
well researched and a very important fact is that research shows
morbidity and mortality are decreased when these are part of the
treatment regimen
GUARANTEED ACCURATE
ANSWERS |LATEST VERSION
2025\26
Hypertension guidelines: Classification of BP - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Normal <120/80
Elevated 120-129/<80
Stage 1 hypertension 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 hypertension >140/90
*** always based on an accurate measurement and average of >2
readings over >2 occasions
Circumstances for screening for secondary hypertension - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Presence of drug resistance or drug induced HTN
Abrupt onset
Onset in young person <30
Exacerbation of previously controlled HTN
Disproportionate target organ damage for degree of HTN
Accelerated or malignant HTN
Onset of diastolic HTN in older adults >65
Unprovoked or excessive hyperkalemia
,HTN in children - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Elevated BP is more
common among Hispanic and non-Hispanic African American children
compared with non-Hispanic white children.
BP should be measured at least annually among all children at age 3
years and older. BP should also be measured at every clinical encounter
after the third birthday if risk factors such as obesity are present.
Definitions for elevated BP and HTN among children ages 1 to 13 years
are as follows: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Normal: Less than the
90th percentile based on age, sex, and height
Elevated: 90th to less than the 95th percentile, or 120/80 mm Hg to less
than the 95th percentile (whichever is lower)
Stage I HTN: More than the 95th percentile to less than the 95th
percentile plus 12 mm Hg, or 130/80 to 139/89 mm Hg (whichever is
lower)
Stage II HTN: More than the 95th percentile plus 12 mm Hg, or 140/90
mm Hg or more (whichever is lower)
Definitions for elevated BP and HTN among adolescents aged 13 years
and older are as follows: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Normal: Less
than 120/80 mm Hg
Elevated BP: 120/<80 to 129/<80 mm Hg
Stage I HTN: 130/80 to 139/89 mm Hg
Stage II HTN: 140/90 mm Hg or more
,HTN in children facts - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ HTN should only
be diagnosed after at least 3 episodes of elevated BP on auscultation.
Oscillometric devices may be used to measure children's BP, provided
the device has been validated in the pediatric population. Elevated BP
should be confirmed by auscultation.
Ambulatory BP measurements should be performed to confirm the
diagnosis of HTN. Such measurements should be used in cases of
suspected white-coat HTN.
Routine electrocardiography for children and adolescents with HTN is
unnecessary.
Echocardiography should be performed at the time of consideration of
treatment of HTN. Annual echocardiography should be considered for
children with poorly controlled HTN.
The goal of treatment of children with elevated BP - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Return to a BP of less than the 90th percentile based on
age, sex, and height. Children 13 years and older should have a BP target
of less than 130/80 mm Hg.
Pharmacologic treatment of HTN in children - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ If pharmacologic treatment is necessary, angiotensin-
converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers,
long-acting calcium channel blockers, or thiazide diuretics are preferred.
Children with HTN and sports - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Children
and adolescents may participate in sports once they have been evaluated
, for possible end-organ disease. However, uncontrolled BP at or beyond
stage II HTN thresholds is a contraindication to play.
Children with HTN diet and exercise - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Children and parents should be informed about the Dietary Approaches
to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and encouraged to participate in
vigorous physical activity for at least 30 minutes 3 to 5 times per week.
Measurement of BP in adults - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The
guideline recommends greater use of out-of-office BP measurements to
confirm the diagnosis of hypertension and titrate medication. In adults
who are not using antihypertensive drugs, ambulatory BP monitoring
(ABPM) or home BP monitoring (HBPM) should be used to detect
white coat hypertension (high office BP but normal out-of-office BP)
and masked hypertension (normal office BP but high out-of-office BP)
White coat hypertension is associated with a CVD risk approximating
that of normal BP, whereas masked hypertension carries a CVD risk
similar to that of sustained hypertension. In adults already using
antihypertensive drugs, the guideline recommends screening for masked
uncontrolled hypertension if the office BP is at goal but CVD risk is
increased or target organ damage is present. If the office BP is more than
5 to 10 mm Hg above goal in a patient using 3 or more antihypertensive
drugs, the guideline recommends HBPM to detect a white coat effect.
Thiazide diuretics - Good side - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ They are
well researched and a very important fact is that research shows
morbidity and mortality are decreased when these are part of the
treatment regimen
