GISP SET: ALL KSAs FINAL Exam Study Guide Questions
And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Field collection process
1. Determine the result of the field work
2. Determine what needs to be collected, inspected or surveyed (Set up a field
collection form/data dictionary)
3. Determine how it will be collected (Pen and paper, mobile tablet, Trimble unit,
drone)
4. Begin field collection on a good representation of the entire dataset 5. Review
sample field collection and adjust the data being collected or the method of
collection
6. Plan locations and timing for field work
7. Conduct field collection for all assets.
Geoid
The shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the influence of the
Earth's gravitation and rotation alone in the absence of other influences such as
winds and tides. It is a model of global mean sea level that is used to measure
precise surface elevations by registering the ocean's water level at coastal places
using tide gauges. The radius at the equator is larger than at the poles due to the
long term effects of the earth's rotation. Mountains have more mass than valleys,
thus the pull of gravity is regionally stronger near mountains.
Reference ellipsoid
,This is a mathematically defined surface that approximates the geoid, the truer
figure of the Earth, or other planetary body.
Oblate ellipsoid
Fits the geoid to a first order approximation, which is formed when an ellipse is
rotated about its minor axis.
Sphere
As can be seen from the dimensions of the Earth ellipsoid, the semi-major axis a
and the semi-minor axis b only by a bit more than 21 km.
First (direct) geodetic problem
Given a point (in terms of its coordinates) and the direction (azimuth) and
distance from that point to a second point, determine (the coordinates of) that
second point.
Spatial reference system (SRS)
Coordinate-based local, regional, or global system used to locate geographic
entities.
Second (inverse) geodetic problem
Given two points, determine the azimuth and length of the line (straight line, arc
or geodesic) that connects them.
Coordinate reference system (CRS)
, Coordinate-based local, regional, or global system used to locate geographic
entities.
Map projection
Transforming coordinates from a curved earth to a flat map using a grid of lines of
latitude and longitude
Horizontal datum
Model of the earth as a spheroid (2 components, reference ellipsoid and a set of
survey points both the shape of the spheroid and its position relative to the earth,
i.e. by 'attaching' the ellipsoid to a monument on the earth's surface)
Vertical datum
Reference point for elevations of surfaces and features on the earth. Could be
based on tidal, sea levels, gravimetric, based on a geoid.
NAVD88
Gravity based geodetic datum in North America
Mercator projection
Projection: preserves shape and direction, area gets distorted - projecting earth
onto a cylinder tangent to a meridian.
Azimuthal equidistant
And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Field collection process
1. Determine the result of the field work
2. Determine what needs to be collected, inspected or surveyed (Set up a field
collection form/data dictionary)
3. Determine how it will be collected (Pen and paper, mobile tablet, Trimble unit,
drone)
4. Begin field collection on a good representation of the entire dataset 5. Review
sample field collection and adjust the data being collected or the method of
collection
6. Plan locations and timing for field work
7. Conduct field collection for all assets.
Geoid
The shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the influence of the
Earth's gravitation and rotation alone in the absence of other influences such as
winds and tides. It is a model of global mean sea level that is used to measure
precise surface elevations by registering the ocean's water level at coastal places
using tide gauges. The radius at the equator is larger than at the poles due to the
long term effects of the earth's rotation. Mountains have more mass than valleys,
thus the pull of gravity is regionally stronger near mountains.
Reference ellipsoid
,This is a mathematically defined surface that approximates the geoid, the truer
figure of the Earth, or other planetary body.
Oblate ellipsoid
Fits the geoid to a first order approximation, which is formed when an ellipse is
rotated about its minor axis.
Sphere
As can be seen from the dimensions of the Earth ellipsoid, the semi-major axis a
and the semi-minor axis b only by a bit more than 21 km.
First (direct) geodetic problem
Given a point (in terms of its coordinates) and the direction (azimuth) and
distance from that point to a second point, determine (the coordinates of) that
second point.
Spatial reference system (SRS)
Coordinate-based local, regional, or global system used to locate geographic
entities.
Second (inverse) geodetic problem
Given two points, determine the azimuth and length of the line (straight line, arc
or geodesic) that connects them.
Coordinate reference system (CRS)
, Coordinate-based local, regional, or global system used to locate geographic
entities.
Map projection
Transforming coordinates from a curved earth to a flat map using a grid of lines of
latitude and longitude
Horizontal datum
Model of the earth as a spheroid (2 components, reference ellipsoid and a set of
survey points both the shape of the spheroid and its position relative to the earth,
i.e. by 'attaching' the ellipsoid to a monument on the earth's surface)
Vertical datum
Reference point for elevations of surfaces and features on the earth. Could be
based on tidal, sea levels, gravimetric, based on a geoid.
NAVD88
Gravity based geodetic datum in North America
Mercator projection
Projection: preserves shape and direction, area gets distorted - projecting earth
onto a cylinder tangent to a meridian.
Azimuthal equidistant
