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D115 WGU OA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERSION 3
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
GUARANTEED PASS
location of sinoatrial node
right atrium
atrophy
decrease in cell size, resulting in reduced tissue mass. Causes incl: reduced use of
tissue, insufficient nutrition, decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation, aging
hyperplasia
increase in number of cells resulting in an enlarged tissue mass. May be
compensatory - to meet increased demands; or pathologic - when there is a
hormonal imbalance. May increase risk of cancer.
Where does impulse go to after SA node
Spreads through atrial conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it
Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it
Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical connection between atrial
and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name
, 2
Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do
Records electrical changes sent by conduction impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis
normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous
originating from within the body
exogenous
originating from outside the body
gangrene
necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia
decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic
caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic
no known cause
ischemia
decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis
destruction of a cell
lysosomal enzymes
released into tissues undergoing lysis; cause inflammation and damage to nearby
cells and reduced function
morphologic
structural
, 3
pathogenesis
development of the disease or sequence of events involved in the tissue changes
related to the specific disease process
insidious
Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild signs, but with
harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical
pathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations exhibited, perhaps
because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney damage may progress
to an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are manifested.
latent
silent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation period in some
infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal
time in early development of disease; pt know of change in body, but signs are
nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative, difficult to confirm
diagnosis.
manifestations
clinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local or systemic
lesion
specific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome
collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ. Usually
occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission
manifestations of the disease subside
exacerbation
manifestations of the disease increase
D115 WGU OA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERSION 3
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
GUARANTEED PASS
location of sinoatrial node
right atrium
atrophy
decrease in cell size, resulting in reduced tissue mass. Causes incl: reduced use of
tissue, insufficient nutrition, decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation, aging
hyperplasia
increase in number of cells resulting in an enlarged tissue mass. May be
compensatory - to meet increased demands; or pathologic - when there is a
hormonal imbalance. May increase risk of cancer.
Where does impulse go to after SA node
Spreads through atrial conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it
Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it
Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical connection between atrial
and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name
, 2
Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do
Records electrical changes sent by conduction impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis
normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous
originating from within the body
exogenous
originating from outside the body
gangrene
necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia
decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic
caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic
no known cause
ischemia
decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis
destruction of a cell
lysosomal enzymes
released into tissues undergoing lysis; cause inflammation and damage to nearby
cells and reduced function
morphologic
structural
, 3
pathogenesis
development of the disease or sequence of events involved in the tissue changes
related to the specific disease process
insidious
Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild signs, but with
harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical
pathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations exhibited, perhaps
because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney damage may progress
to an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are manifested.
latent
silent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation period in some
infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal
time in early development of disease; pt know of change in body, but signs are
nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative, difficult to confirm
diagnosis.
manifestations
clinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local or systemic
lesion
specific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome
collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ. Usually
occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission
manifestations of the disease subside
exacerbation
manifestations of the disease increase
