NR.110.203
PHARMACOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW
QNS & ANS
2025
1. Which phase of the nursing process requires the nurse to establish a comprehensive
baseline of data concerning a particular patient?
a. Assessment
b. Planning
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation
2. The nurse monitors the fulfillment of goals, and may revise them, during which phase of
the nursing process?
a. Assessment
b. Planning
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation
,3. The nurse includes which information as part of a complete medication profile?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Use of “street” drugs
b. Current laboratory work
c. History of surgeries
d. Use of alcohol
e. Use of herbal products
f. Family history
ch 2
4. When considering the various routes of drug elimi-nation, the nurse is aware that
elimination occurs mainly by which routes?
a. Renal tubules and skin
b. Skin and lungsc. Bowel and renal tubules
d. Lungs and gastrointestinal tract
5. Drug half-life is defined as the amount of time required for 50% of a drug to
a. be absorbed by the body.
b. reach a therapeutic level.
c. exert a response.
d. be removed by the body
6. The nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will be altered by the first-pass
effect? (Select all that apply.)
b. Sublingual
c. Subcutaneous
d. Intravenous
e. Rectal
7. The nurse is reviewing a list of a patient’s medications and notes that one of the
drugs is known to have a low therapeutic index. Which statement accurately explains
this concept?
a. The difference between a therapeutic dose and toxic dose is large.
,c. The dose needed to reach a therapeutic level is small.
d. The drug has only a slight chance of being effective.
8. The nurse prepares to obtain a patient’s blood sample from a central line for a drug
level that is to be drawn just before that medication’s next dose. What is the timing of this
blood draw known as?
a. Half-life
b. Therapeutic level
c. Peak level
d. Trough level
Match each field of study with the corresponding job description of a person working in
that field.
9. . Pharmaceutics
10 G Pharmacokinetics
11. H Pharmacodynamics
12. E Pharmacogenomics
13 F Pharmacotherapeutics
14 A Pharmacognosy
15. D Toxicology
16. C Pharmacoeconomics
a. Lisa is researching botanical and zoologic sources of drugs to treat multiple sclerosis.
She is part of a university research team that is currently experimenting with varying the
biochemical composition and therapeutic effects of several possible new drugs.
b. Jeffrey works for a pharmaceutical corporation. One of its new drugs looks very
promising, and Jeffrey’s company is experimenting with dosage forms for this
investigational new drug. He is responsible for measuring the relationship between the
physiochemical properties of the dosage form and the clinical therapeutic response.
c. Micah is performing a cost–benefit analysis to compare the effectiveness of two blood
pressure medications for a health insurance company.
d. Devon researches various poisons and is particularly concerned with the detection
and treatment of the effects of drugs and other chemicals in certain mammals.
e. Diane and Phil have spent the past 3 years gathering family histories, legal case
reports, and current clinical data to identify possible genetic factors that influence
individuals’ responses to meperidine and related drugs.
f. David works on a study that is gathering data on the use of two different drugs for the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
, g. Leslie’s laboratory monitors drug distribution rates between various body
compartments from absorption through excretion. Recently, her laboratory was able to
suggest a positive change in the dosage regimen for an injectable drug, bringing her firm
a prestigious award.
h. Gregory’s research unit recently recommended two new contraindications for the use of
a newly marketed drug after discovering previously unknown biochemical and physiologic
interactions of this drug with another, unrelated drug.
17. Which physiologic factor is most responsible for the differences in the
pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic behavior of drugs in neonates and adults?
a. Infant’s stature
b. Infant’s smaller weight
c. Immaturity of neonatal organs
d. Adult’s longer exposure to toxins
18. Understanding the role of the kidney in the elimination of drugs from the body,
which laboratory test assessment is priority in evaluating kidney function?
a. Albumin level
b. Red blood cell count
d. Bicarbonate
19. Most drug references provide recommended pediatric dosages based on which of
the following? a. Total body water content
b. Fat-to-lean mass ratio
c. Renal function studies
d. Body weight in kilograms
20. When giving medications to older adults, the nurse will keep in mind the changes that
occur as a result of aging. Which statements regarding changes in the older patient are
true? (Select all that apply.)
a. The ratio of fat to water is increased.
b. Gastric pH is less acidic because of reduced hydrochloric acid production.
c. Protein albumin binding sites are reduced because of decreased serum protein.
d. Total body water content increases as body composition changes.
e. The absorptive surface area of the gastrointestinal tract is increased because of
flattening and blunting of the villi.
21. Which factor would have the greatest effect on medication response in the
PHARMACOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW
QNS & ANS
2025
1. Which phase of the nursing process requires the nurse to establish a comprehensive
baseline of data concerning a particular patient?
a. Assessment
b. Planning
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation
2. The nurse monitors the fulfillment of goals, and may revise them, during which phase of
the nursing process?
a. Assessment
b. Planning
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation
,3. The nurse includes which information as part of a complete medication profile?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Use of “street” drugs
b. Current laboratory work
c. History of surgeries
d. Use of alcohol
e. Use of herbal products
f. Family history
ch 2
4. When considering the various routes of drug elimi-nation, the nurse is aware that
elimination occurs mainly by which routes?
a. Renal tubules and skin
b. Skin and lungsc. Bowel and renal tubules
d. Lungs and gastrointestinal tract
5. Drug half-life is defined as the amount of time required for 50% of a drug to
a. be absorbed by the body.
b. reach a therapeutic level.
c. exert a response.
d. be removed by the body
6. The nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will be altered by the first-pass
effect? (Select all that apply.)
b. Sublingual
c. Subcutaneous
d. Intravenous
e. Rectal
7. The nurse is reviewing a list of a patient’s medications and notes that one of the
drugs is known to have a low therapeutic index. Which statement accurately explains
this concept?
a. The difference between a therapeutic dose and toxic dose is large.
,c. The dose needed to reach a therapeutic level is small.
d. The drug has only a slight chance of being effective.
8. The nurse prepares to obtain a patient’s blood sample from a central line for a drug
level that is to be drawn just before that medication’s next dose. What is the timing of this
blood draw known as?
a. Half-life
b. Therapeutic level
c. Peak level
d. Trough level
Match each field of study with the corresponding job description of a person working in
that field.
9. . Pharmaceutics
10 G Pharmacokinetics
11. H Pharmacodynamics
12. E Pharmacogenomics
13 F Pharmacotherapeutics
14 A Pharmacognosy
15. D Toxicology
16. C Pharmacoeconomics
a. Lisa is researching botanical and zoologic sources of drugs to treat multiple sclerosis.
She is part of a university research team that is currently experimenting with varying the
biochemical composition and therapeutic effects of several possible new drugs.
b. Jeffrey works for a pharmaceutical corporation. One of its new drugs looks very
promising, and Jeffrey’s company is experimenting with dosage forms for this
investigational new drug. He is responsible for measuring the relationship between the
physiochemical properties of the dosage form and the clinical therapeutic response.
c. Micah is performing a cost–benefit analysis to compare the effectiveness of two blood
pressure medications for a health insurance company.
d. Devon researches various poisons and is particularly concerned with the detection
and treatment of the effects of drugs and other chemicals in certain mammals.
e. Diane and Phil have spent the past 3 years gathering family histories, legal case
reports, and current clinical data to identify possible genetic factors that influence
individuals’ responses to meperidine and related drugs.
f. David works on a study that is gathering data on the use of two different drugs for the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
, g. Leslie’s laboratory monitors drug distribution rates between various body
compartments from absorption through excretion. Recently, her laboratory was able to
suggest a positive change in the dosage regimen for an injectable drug, bringing her firm
a prestigious award.
h. Gregory’s research unit recently recommended two new contraindications for the use of
a newly marketed drug after discovering previously unknown biochemical and physiologic
interactions of this drug with another, unrelated drug.
17. Which physiologic factor is most responsible for the differences in the
pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic behavior of drugs in neonates and adults?
a. Infant’s stature
b. Infant’s smaller weight
c. Immaturity of neonatal organs
d. Adult’s longer exposure to toxins
18. Understanding the role of the kidney in the elimination of drugs from the body,
which laboratory test assessment is priority in evaluating kidney function?
a. Albumin level
b. Red blood cell count
d. Bicarbonate
19. Most drug references provide recommended pediatric dosages based on which of
the following? a. Total body water content
b. Fat-to-lean mass ratio
c. Renal function studies
d. Body weight in kilograms
20. When giving medications to older adults, the nurse will keep in mind the changes that
occur as a result of aging. Which statements regarding changes in the older patient are
true? (Select all that apply.)
a. The ratio of fat to water is increased.
b. Gastric pH is less acidic because of reduced hydrochloric acid production.
c. Protein albumin binding sites are reduced because of decreased serum protein.
d. Total body water content increases as body composition changes.
e. The absorptive surface area of the gastrointestinal tract is increased because of
flattening and blunting of the villi.
21. Which factor would have the greatest effect on medication response in the
