BIOB51 Term Test 1 | Summer 2025
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Define biological evolution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Biological evolution is any
change in the inherited traits of a population that occurs from one
generation to the next.
Evolutionary Biology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the study of both the process by
which life evolves and patterns the processes have generated over the past
4 billion years.
Describe 3 kinds of evidence used to understand evolution - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔- why the natural world is the way it is
- differences & similarities between and among species
- the adaptations and ( weaknesses ) of living things
By studying evolution we can... - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- find new ways to fight
viruses that make us sick
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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,- understand how insects become resistant to pesticides
- understand effects of human impact on the planet
• e.g. invasive species, pollution, climate change
- learn how today's extinctions compare with the past ... to help make
predictions and devise strategies to combat the current wave of extinction
Define Natural Selection - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a mechanism that can lead to
adaptive evolution, whereby differences in the phenotypes of individuals
cause some of them to survive and reproduce more effectively than others,
therefore outcompete them.
How do scientists study evolution? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- using high-
throughput sequencing technologies to analyze DNA.
- They probe molecules of ancient rocks to determine the age of fossils.
Characteristics of the Blue Whale - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- largest animal to exist
on earth
- 30m long and weigh 100,000 kg
- genome and all DNA in the cell~ 2.7 billion years
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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,Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises are known as - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔cetaceans
Characteristics of Cetaceans - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- use the oceans surface to
breathe, by opening blowhole on their head to draw air in their lungs
- they give birth to live young ( embryos develop in the uterus)
- maneuver through water using flippers and tail flukes
- distinctive ectotympamic
How do we know whales are mammals? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Whales share
synapomorphies with mammals:
• Mammary glands
• Three middle ear bones
• Hair (in developing embryos)
However, the similarities between whales and fish come from convergent
evolutions (homoplasy).
e.g. their tail fins are horizontal, while fish fins are vertical.
Convergent evolution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Similar characteristics that arise
independently in response to similar environmental challenges
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Homology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔structural characters that are shared because
the are inherited from a common ancestor
Darwin proposed that evolution was ... - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a gradual process
Dorudon - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 40 mya
- flippers and long vertebral column are very much like those in living
whales
- Teeth resemble teeth of extinct land mammals
What are mysticetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- baleen whales, include species
like blue whales.
- they use baleen to filter small animals from the water for feeding.
What are odontocetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- toothed whales, include sperm
whales, dolphins, and killer whales.
- They have uniform peg-shaped teeth used to hunt prey.
Pakicetus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 50 mya, first terrestrial cetacean
- Thick involcrum (surrounds middle ear cavity) Only found in modern (and
extinct) cetaceans
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Define biological evolution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Biological evolution is any
change in the inherited traits of a population that occurs from one
generation to the next.
Evolutionary Biology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the study of both the process by
which life evolves and patterns the processes have generated over the past
4 billion years.
Describe 3 kinds of evidence used to understand evolution - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔- why the natural world is the way it is
- differences & similarities between and among species
- the adaptations and ( weaknesses ) of living things
By studying evolution we can... - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- find new ways to fight
viruses that make us sick
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,- understand how insects become resistant to pesticides
- understand effects of human impact on the planet
• e.g. invasive species, pollution, climate change
- learn how today's extinctions compare with the past ... to help make
predictions and devise strategies to combat the current wave of extinction
Define Natural Selection - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a mechanism that can lead to
adaptive evolution, whereby differences in the phenotypes of individuals
cause some of them to survive and reproduce more effectively than others,
therefore outcompete them.
How do scientists study evolution? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- using high-
throughput sequencing technologies to analyze DNA.
- They probe molecules of ancient rocks to determine the age of fossils.
Characteristics of the Blue Whale - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- largest animal to exist
on earth
- 30m long and weigh 100,000 kg
- genome and all DNA in the cell~ 2.7 billion years
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
,Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises are known as - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔cetaceans
Characteristics of Cetaceans - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- use the oceans surface to
breathe, by opening blowhole on their head to draw air in their lungs
- they give birth to live young ( embryos develop in the uterus)
- maneuver through water using flippers and tail flukes
- distinctive ectotympamic
How do we know whales are mammals? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Whales share
synapomorphies with mammals:
• Mammary glands
• Three middle ear bones
• Hair (in developing embryos)
However, the similarities between whales and fish come from convergent
evolutions (homoplasy).
e.g. their tail fins are horizontal, while fish fins are vertical.
Convergent evolution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Similar characteristics that arise
independently in response to similar environmental challenges
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Homology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔structural characters that are shared because
the are inherited from a common ancestor
Darwin proposed that evolution was ... - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a gradual process
Dorudon - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 40 mya
- flippers and long vertebral column are very much like those in living
whales
- Teeth resemble teeth of extinct land mammals
What are mysticetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- baleen whales, include species
like blue whales.
- they use baleen to filter small animals from the water for feeding.
What are odontocetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- toothed whales, include sperm
whales, dolphins, and killer whales.
- They have uniform peg-shaped teeth used to hunt prey.
Pakicetus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 50 mya, first terrestrial cetacean
- Thick involcrum (surrounds middle ear cavity) Only found in modern (and
extinct) cetaceans
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
