Foundations of Microbiology Chapter 12 Learn
Smart Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Rapid detection methods for _____ and ______ involve direct examination of body
fluids, sputum, or stool samples. - ANSWER fungi
bacteria
Polymyxins works by interacting with phospholipids in the cell ______, thus leading to
leakage of cellular constituents. - ANSWER membrane
True or False: Damage to the bacterial cell membrane can disrupt metabolism or lyse
the cell. - ANSWER True
Which of the following drugs are currently in use against Plasmodium infection?
Mebendazole; primaquine; piperazine; chloroquine - ANSWER Primaquine;
chloroquine
Resistance to this drug typically results from a plasmid-encoded protein that pumps that
drug out of the cell. Aminoglycosides; tetracyclines; erythromycin; penicillins -
ANSWER tetracyclines
The effects of penicillin occurs _____ to cells so a "pump" is not required. - ANSWER
external
Which of the following are characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial drug?
Microbicidal;
inexpensive;
replaces host's own defenses;
longevity;
selective toxicity to infecting agent - ANSWER Microbicidal; inexpensive; longevity;
selective toxicity to infecting agent
_____ is the drug of choice for the treatment of bubonic plague. - ANSWER
Streptomycin
Which of the following aminoglycosides is still the antibiotic of choice for treating
bubonic plague and tularemia? Streptomycin; gentamicin; kanamycin;
amikacin;
tobramycin - ANSWER Streptomycin
,The mode of action of daptomycin is the disruption of the cell _____. - ANSWER
membrane
Synercid is effective against members of which genera?
Streptococcus; proteus; staphylococcus;
pseudomonas; enterobacter;
enterococcus - ANSWER Streptococcus
staphylococcus
enterococcus
A _____ drug is any agent used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease. -
ANSWER chemotherapeutic
The overall goal of antimicrobial chemotherapy is to:
boost the patient's immune response in order to destroy the infective agent; provide the
patient with immunity against future infections by the microbe; destroy the infective
agent without harming the patient. - ANSWER destroy the infective agent without
harming the patient.
_____ chemotherapy is the use of chemotherapeutic drugs to control infection and
disease caused by many types of microorganisms. - ANSWER Antimicrobial
Antibiotics that disrupt nucleic acid synthesis do so by targeting components of which
processes?
Cell wall synthesis;
dna replication;
folic acid pathway;
translation;
transcription - ANSWER dna replication
transcriptio
n
Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance is associate with an alteration of the drugs
target on the organism's: binding proteins in the cell wall;
30S ribosomal subunit; 50S
ribosomal subunit;
membrane transport receptors - ANSWER 50S ribosomal subunit
Which of the following drugs can lead to kidney damage?
Quinolones;
amphotericin b;
sulfonamides; polymyxin;
penicillins - ANSWER amphotericin b; sulfonamides; polymyxin
, Which of the following is an agar diffusion test that utilizes gradients of antibiotics on
strips? Kirby-Bauer;
MIC;
E-test - ANSWER E-test
The E-test uses a(n)
antibiotic disc; liquid
broths; temperature
gradient;
antibiotic gradient - ANSWER antibiotic gradient
AN ___ is the smallest concentration of a particular drug to which a test bacterium
becomes susceptible to the drug. (use the acronym for the ANSWER) - ANSWER
MIC
Resistance factors are shared among bacteria by the process of:
transfection; conjugation;
transduction;
transformation - ANSWER conjugation; transduction; transformation
What type of molecule is acyclovir? Fatty acid analog; nucleotide analog; amino acid
analog; sugar analog - ANSWER nucleotide analog
Resistance to tetracycline typically results from a plasmid-encoded proteins that ___
that drug out of the cell. - ANSWER pump
Liver damage caused by exposure to antimicrobial drugs can result in:
obstructions in urine flow;
liver failure;
enzymatic abnormalities;
hepatitis - ANSWER liver failure; enzymatic abnormalities; hepatitis
In recent years, quinine has been replaced by the less toxic synthesized ___ in the
treatment of malaria. - ANSWER quinolones
True or False: The nature and sensitivity of the microorganism and the overall medical
condition of the patient need to be considered before antimicrobial treatment begins. -
ANSWER True
Erythromycin inhibits ____ synthesis. - ANSWER protein
Smart Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct
Rapid detection methods for _____ and ______ involve direct examination of body
fluids, sputum, or stool samples. - ANSWER fungi
bacteria
Polymyxins works by interacting with phospholipids in the cell ______, thus leading to
leakage of cellular constituents. - ANSWER membrane
True or False: Damage to the bacterial cell membrane can disrupt metabolism or lyse
the cell. - ANSWER True
Which of the following drugs are currently in use against Plasmodium infection?
Mebendazole; primaquine; piperazine; chloroquine - ANSWER Primaquine;
chloroquine
Resistance to this drug typically results from a plasmid-encoded protein that pumps that
drug out of the cell. Aminoglycosides; tetracyclines; erythromycin; penicillins -
ANSWER tetracyclines
The effects of penicillin occurs _____ to cells so a "pump" is not required. - ANSWER
external
Which of the following are characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial drug?
Microbicidal;
inexpensive;
replaces host's own defenses;
longevity;
selective toxicity to infecting agent - ANSWER Microbicidal; inexpensive; longevity;
selective toxicity to infecting agent
_____ is the drug of choice for the treatment of bubonic plague. - ANSWER
Streptomycin
Which of the following aminoglycosides is still the antibiotic of choice for treating
bubonic plague and tularemia? Streptomycin; gentamicin; kanamycin;
amikacin;
tobramycin - ANSWER Streptomycin
,The mode of action of daptomycin is the disruption of the cell _____. - ANSWER
membrane
Synercid is effective against members of which genera?
Streptococcus; proteus; staphylococcus;
pseudomonas; enterobacter;
enterococcus - ANSWER Streptococcus
staphylococcus
enterococcus
A _____ drug is any agent used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease. -
ANSWER chemotherapeutic
The overall goal of antimicrobial chemotherapy is to:
boost the patient's immune response in order to destroy the infective agent; provide the
patient with immunity against future infections by the microbe; destroy the infective
agent without harming the patient. - ANSWER destroy the infective agent without
harming the patient.
_____ chemotherapy is the use of chemotherapeutic drugs to control infection and
disease caused by many types of microorganisms. - ANSWER Antimicrobial
Antibiotics that disrupt nucleic acid synthesis do so by targeting components of which
processes?
Cell wall synthesis;
dna replication;
folic acid pathway;
translation;
transcription - ANSWER dna replication
transcriptio
n
Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance is associate with an alteration of the drugs
target on the organism's: binding proteins in the cell wall;
30S ribosomal subunit; 50S
ribosomal subunit;
membrane transport receptors - ANSWER 50S ribosomal subunit
Which of the following drugs can lead to kidney damage?
Quinolones;
amphotericin b;
sulfonamides; polymyxin;
penicillins - ANSWER amphotericin b; sulfonamides; polymyxin
, Which of the following is an agar diffusion test that utilizes gradients of antibiotics on
strips? Kirby-Bauer;
MIC;
E-test - ANSWER E-test
The E-test uses a(n)
antibiotic disc; liquid
broths; temperature
gradient;
antibiotic gradient - ANSWER antibiotic gradient
AN ___ is the smallest concentration of a particular drug to which a test bacterium
becomes susceptible to the drug. (use the acronym for the ANSWER) - ANSWER
MIC
Resistance factors are shared among bacteria by the process of:
transfection; conjugation;
transduction;
transformation - ANSWER conjugation; transduction; transformation
What type of molecule is acyclovir? Fatty acid analog; nucleotide analog; amino acid
analog; sugar analog - ANSWER nucleotide analog
Resistance to tetracycline typically results from a plasmid-encoded proteins that ___
that drug out of the cell. - ANSWER pump
Liver damage caused by exposure to antimicrobial drugs can result in:
obstructions in urine flow;
liver failure;
enzymatic abnormalities;
hepatitis - ANSWER liver failure; enzymatic abnormalities; hepatitis
In recent years, quinine has been replaced by the less toxic synthesized ___ in the
treatment of malaria. - ANSWER quinolones
True or False: The nature and sensitivity of the microorganism and the overall medical
condition of the patient need to be considered before antimicrobial treatment begins. -
ANSWER True
Erythromycin inhibits ____ synthesis. - ANSWER protein
