Fresenius PCT Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

Fresenius PCT Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct Air is removed from the EC before initiating treatment because it may cause _______when trapped in the dialyzer - ANSWERS clotting The most likely cause of contamination of the EC are_____ in the prime bucket with _____ end caps. - ANSWERS bloodlines, open A low-level arterial drip chamber can result in ___entering the system causing an air embolism or clotting. - ANSWERS air When blood escapes from the dialyzer blood compartment into the dialysate fluid compartment, this is known as a _____ - ANSWERS blood leak The final dialysate must have a pH between ____ and ____ - ANSWERS 6.9-7.6 How often should staff clean the dialysis machine with acid? - ANSWERS daily When should alarm and PHT be performed on dialysis machines? - ANSWERS Before each treatment What is removed by normal saline during the priming process? - ANSWERS air in the dialyzer Before the start of treatment, check that the machine's conductivity parameters are set at: - ANSWERS +/- 0.5 mS of the theoretical conductivity /TCD You should disinfect the dialysis machine with heat after doing what? - ANSWERS Cleaning with acid You should test the dialysate for these four things before starting the treatment? - ANSWERS bacteria, conductivity, chlorine/chloramines and pH The wall clock indicates the patient had treatment for 3 hours and the machine indicates only 2.5 hours of treatment. What happened? - ANSWERS The machine was in bypass for 30 minutes Normal saline is used to remove___ and ___ from the EC circuit - ANSWERS sterilant and air Improperly primed dialyzers and bloodlines can increase the risk of ___and___in the dialyzer - ANSWERS air embolism and clotting A low arterial pressure alarm sound, the tech should look for a possible cause in the circuit from the ____to the ____ - ANSWERS arterial needle to the blood pump When a high venous pressure alarm sounds you should look from the top of the ____through to the end of the _____to determine the cause - ANSWERS venous chamber, needle The adequacy of a dialysis treatment may be compromised by inadequate_____ - ANSWERS heparization How much saline must be in the bag in mL? - ANSWERS 300 The arterial chamber must be how full at the start of treatment? - ANSWERS 85-95% full The venous chamber must be how full at the start of the treatment? - ANSWERS 65- 75% full What position should the transducer clamps be in before starting treatments? - ANSWERS open Hemolysis is most likely caused by - ANSWERS a kink in the bloodline Excessive fluid removal during dialysis combined with pt. taking an anti hypertensive medication can result in the pt having - ANSWERS hypotension A patient is being observed for symptoms of uremia which include - ANSWERS loss of appetite Hemolyzed blood could be caused by what reading of arterial pressure? - ANSWERS - 270 During the final thirty minutes of dialysis, the patient complains of blurred vision and dizziness. The caregiver should evaluate for signs of - ANSWERS hypotension The group of symptoms that include feelings of faintness, double vision, perspiration, irritability, and hunger may be associated with - ANSWERS hypoglycemia The primary cause of anemia in the dialysis patient is - ANSWERS A decrease in the production of erythropoietin What happens when the dialysate flow stops during dialysis - ANSWERS The patient's blood is no longer being cleaned Which alarm will NOT stop the blood pump - ANSWERS Blood pressure alarm What are the symptoms of hemolysis to look out for? - ANSWERS chest pain, SOB, sudden hypotension, bright red and translucent blood Chloramines or bleach in the dialysate during dialysis can cause a patient death by - ANSWERS hemolysis Improperly primed dialyzers and bloodlines can increase risk of: - ANSWERS air embolism and clotting in the dialyzer Hemolysis leads to high K+ and low o2. What s/s are associated with this? - ANSWERS muscle weakness (cardiac) and death If a needle infiltrates, the first thing I should do is - ANSWERS turn off the blood pump During dialysis, a large clot is noticed in the venous chamber. The clincian should replace the - ANSWERS venous line The venous pressure begins to rise, but the venous needle is not infiltrated. The most likely cause is a clotted - ANSWERS venous line When it is suspected that a patient has an air embolism the first intervention should be to - ANSWERS clamp the bloodlines A major complication that can occur when the patient is dialyzed on a hypotonic dialysate is - ANSWERS hemolysis Hypokalemia (high potassium) can result in - ANSWERS muscle weakness and death The new needle placement following an ARTERIAL needle should be located________ __ ______ the new infiltration - ANSWERS above or below What is an acceptable range for KECN value? - ANSWERS 200-300