QBM FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Central Dogma of Life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA -> RNA
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅RNA -> Proteins
Molecular Biology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅structure and function of macromolecules
(proteins and nucleic acids)
Molecular Surface Model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Best representation of DNA/protein
if you could see it
primary protien structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅amino acid sequence
secondary protein sequence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alpha helices and beta sheet
tertiary protein sequence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3D structure
quaternary protein structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interaction of subunits
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅employers must inform employees of potential hazards
MSDS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-chemicals physical and chemical properties
-how to handle the chemicals
Biosafety Levels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅BSL 1 (least hazardous)-4 (most hazardous)
BSL1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅minimal hazards
BSL2 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅organisms with potential hazards, can cause minor
disease (QBM Lab)
BSL3 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pathogenic organisms that cause serious disease
BSL 4 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dangerous pathogens that can cause severe to fatal
disease; no treatments
PPE - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Personal Protective Equipment
Order of Gloves Safety - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Latex > Nitrile > Plastic > None
,Graduated Cylinder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅25 ml-2L
Glass/Plastic Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-25 ml
Mohr Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-TC
-Dont blow out
-More accurate when delivering multiple times
Serological Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-TD
-Blow out tip
-Single measurement
Transfer/Pasteur Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅quick, non-accurate measurements
Micropipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.1 ul - 1ml
Autoclave - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅device with high temperature and pressure used to
sterilize glassware and pipettes
Centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used to separate samples based on mass, shape,
and density
Analytical Centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used for analysis based on
sedimentation characteristics uses CsCl gradients
Preparative centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prepares a sample by separating
them into a soluble and insoluble fraction
Benchtop Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.5 mL tube, can balance based on
volume
Large Capacity Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use of large volumes (1 L)
High Speed Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅large volumes needing higher speeds
Ultracentrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅for samples that require lots of force to purify
a virus
Sucrose Gradient - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used to separate samples based on density
(in swinging bucket rotors)
Fixed Angle Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most common, particulates slide to the
side
Swinging Bucket - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used for generating density gradients
, Polycarbonate Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Clear; better visibility, less resistance to
chemicals
Polypropylene Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅opaque; more resistant to chemicals
Clear Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polycarbonate; better visibility, less resistance to
chemicals
Opaque Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polypropylene; more resistant to chemicals
Spectroscopy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅study of radiation interacting with mattter
Spectrometry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measurement of the spectroscopy interactions
allowing to determine molecular structures/concentrations
Spectrophotometer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅measures the absorbance of a specific
wavelength of light as it passes through a sample
Parts of a Spectrophotometer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅light source, monochromator,
prism, sample compartment, detector
Plate readers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Quickly read ul volumes of hundreds of samples
from a single plate used (ELISAs)
260 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA/RNA
280 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protein
340 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅CDNB assay (enzyme)
560 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅BCA assay (protein concentration)
595 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bradford assay (protein concentration)
600 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bacterial growth in LB media
750 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Lowry/DC Protein Assay (protein concentration)
When is a DNA sample considered pure? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260:A_280 >1.5
Absorbance equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A = -log(T) = Ebc
Conversion of Absorbance to DNA Concentration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260 = 1
-> 50ug/mL
When is an RNA sample considered pure? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260:A_280 >1.8
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Central Dogma of Life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA -> RNA
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅RNA -> Proteins
Molecular Biology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅structure and function of macromolecules
(proteins and nucleic acids)
Molecular Surface Model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Best representation of DNA/protein
if you could see it
primary protien structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅amino acid sequence
secondary protein sequence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alpha helices and beta sheet
tertiary protein sequence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3D structure
quaternary protein structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interaction of subunits
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅employers must inform employees of potential hazards
MSDS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-chemicals physical and chemical properties
-how to handle the chemicals
Biosafety Levels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅BSL 1 (least hazardous)-4 (most hazardous)
BSL1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅minimal hazards
BSL2 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅organisms with potential hazards, can cause minor
disease (QBM Lab)
BSL3 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pathogenic organisms that cause serious disease
BSL 4 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dangerous pathogens that can cause severe to fatal
disease; no treatments
PPE - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Personal Protective Equipment
Order of Gloves Safety - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Latex > Nitrile > Plastic > None
,Graduated Cylinder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅25 ml-2L
Glass/Plastic Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-25 ml
Mohr Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-TC
-Dont blow out
-More accurate when delivering multiple times
Serological Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-TD
-Blow out tip
-Single measurement
Transfer/Pasteur Pipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅quick, non-accurate measurements
Micropipette - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.1 ul - 1ml
Autoclave - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅device with high temperature and pressure used to
sterilize glassware and pipettes
Centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used to separate samples based on mass, shape,
and density
Analytical Centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used for analysis based on
sedimentation characteristics uses CsCl gradients
Preparative centrifugation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prepares a sample by separating
them into a soluble and insoluble fraction
Benchtop Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.5 mL tube, can balance based on
volume
Large Capacity Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use of large volumes (1 L)
High Speed Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅large volumes needing higher speeds
Ultracentrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅for samples that require lots of force to purify
a virus
Sucrose Gradient - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used to separate samples based on density
(in swinging bucket rotors)
Fixed Angle Centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most common, particulates slide to the
side
Swinging Bucket - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅used for generating density gradients
, Polycarbonate Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Clear; better visibility, less resistance to
chemicals
Polypropylene Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅opaque; more resistant to chemicals
Clear Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polycarbonate; better visibility, less resistance to
chemicals
Opaque Bottles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polypropylene; more resistant to chemicals
Spectroscopy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅study of radiation interacting with mattter
Spectrometry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measurement of the spectroscopy interactions
allowing to determine molecular structures/concentrations
Spectrophotometer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅measures the absorbance of a specific
wavelength of light as it passes through a sample
Parts of a Spectrophotometer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅light source, monochromator,
prism, sample compartment, detector
Plate readers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Quickly read ul volumes of hundreds of samples
from a single plate used (ELISAs)
260 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DNA/RNA
280 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅protein
340 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅CDNB assay (enzyme)
560 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅BCA assay (protein concentration)
595 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bradford assay (protein concentration)
600 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bacterial growth in LB media
750 nm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Lowry/DC Protein Assay (protein concentration)
When is a DNA sample considered pure? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260:A_280 >1.5
Absorbance equation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A = -log(T) = Ebc
Conversion of Absorbance to DNA Concentration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260 = 1
-> 50ug/mL
When is an RNA sample considered pure? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A_260:A_280 >1.8
