BIO 201 CHAPTER 1
1. right lumbar region: parts of small and large intestine, and right kidney
2. umbilical region: parts of small and large intestines
3. left lumbar region: parts of small and large intestines, and left kidney
4. right inguinal region: parts of small and large intestine (including cecum andvermiform
appendix)
5. hypogastric region: urinary bladder (when distended), and parts of the smalland large
intestines
6. left inguinal region: parts of small and large intestines
7. Dorsal Body Cavity: cranial cavity, vertebral canal
8. Ventral Body Cavity: thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities (separated bydiaphragm)
9. Thoracic cavity: lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus
10. Membrane covering lungs and rib cage: visceral and parietal pleura
11. Membrane covering heart and pericardial sac: visceral and parietal peri-cardium
12. Abdominal Cavity: GI tract, kidney, ureters
13. Pelvic Cavity: rectum, bladder, urethra, and reproductive organs
14. Abdominopelvic membranes: visceral and parietal peritoneum
15. Anatomy: study of structure
16. Physiology: study of function
17. Levels of Organization: Organism -> organ system -> organs -> tissues -> cells
-> organelles -> molecule -> atoms
18. Integumentary System: skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands
19. Skeletal System: bones, cartilage, ligaments
20. Muscular System: skeletal muscles
21. Nervous System: brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia
22. Endocrine System: pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroidglands,
thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries
23. Circulatory System: heart, blood vessels
24. Lymphoid System: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils
25. Respiratory System: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
26. Urinary System: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
, 27. Digestive System: teeth, tongue, esophagus, stomach, intestines (s/l), liver,gallbladder,
pancreas
28. Male Reproductive System: testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminalvesicles,
prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis
29. Female Reproductive System: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mamma-ry glands
30. Characteristics of Life: DevelopmentReproduction
Evolution
Cellular composition Responsiveness and movement
31. Metabolism: all the chemical reactions that occur in the body
32. Anabolic: A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules
33. Catabolic: A process in which large molecules are broken down
34. Homeostasis: the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment inan ever-
changing outside world (dynamic equilibrium!)
35. Negative Feedback: body senses a change and activates mechanisms to re-verse it (body
temperature)
36. Positive Feedback: self-amplifying cycle, leads to greater change in the samedirection
(childbirth)
37. Scientific Method: observation -> causal question -> hypothesis -> experimen-tation ->
results -> conclusion
38. Elements of Good Hypothesis: testable, falsifiable, and specific, clearly statingthe expected
relationship between variables
39. Anatomical Position: erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing for-ward, head
facing forward
standard frame of reference for anatomical descriptions and dissection
40. Saggital Plane: divides the body into a right and left halves
41. Frontal (Coronal) Plane: divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
42. Transverse Plane: divides the body into superior and inferior parts
43. cephalic: head
44. cranial: back of head (brain)
45. frontal: forehead
46. orbital: eye and orbit
1. right lumbar region: parts of small and large intestine, and right kidney
2. umbilical region: parts of small and large intestines
3. left lumbar region: parts of small and large intestines, and left kidney
4. right inguinal region: parts of small and large intestine (including cecum andvermiform
appendix)
5. hypogastric region: urinary bladder (when distended), and parts of the smalland large
intestines
6. left inguinal region: parts of small and large intestines
7. Dorsal Body Cavity: cranial cavity, vertebral canal
8. Ventral Body Cavity: thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities (separated bydiaphragm)
9. Thoracic cavity: lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus
10. Membrane covering lungs and rib cage: visceral and parietal pleura
11. Membrane covering heart and pericardial sac: visceral and parietal peri-cardium
12. Abdominal Cavity: GI tract, kidney, ureters
13. Pelvic Cavity: rectum, bladder, urethra, and reproductive organs
14. Abdominopelvic membranes: visceral and parietal peritoneum
15. Anatomy: study of structure
16. Physiology: study of function
17. Levels of Organization: Organism -> organ system -> organs -> tissues -> cells
-> organelles -> molecule -> atoms
18. Integumentary System: skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands
19. Skeletal System: bones, cartilage, ligaments
20. Muscular System: skeletal muscles
21. Nervous System: brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia
22. Endocrine System: pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroidglands,
thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries
23. Circulatory System: heart, blood vessels
24. Lymphoid System: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils
25. Respiratory System: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
26. Urinary System: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
, 27. Digestive System: teeth, tongue, esophagus, stomach, intestines (s/l), liver,gallbladder,
pancreas
28. Male Reproductive System: testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminalvesicles,
prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis
29. Female Reproductive System: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mamma-ry glands
30. Characteristics of Life: DevelopmentReproduction
Evolution
Cellular composition Responsiveness and movement
31. Metabolism: all the chemical reactions that occur in the body
32. Anabolic: A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules
33. Catabolic: A process in which large molecules are broken down
34. Homeostasis: the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment inan ever-
changing outside world (dynamic equilibrium!)
35. Negative Feedback: body senses a change and activates mechanisms to re-verse it (body
temperature)
36. Positive Feedback: self-amplifying cycle, leads to greater change in the samedirection
(childbirth)
37. Scientific Method: observation -> causal question -> hypothesis -> experimen-tation ->
results -> conclusion
38. Elements of Good Hypothesis: testable, falsifiable, and specific, clearly statingthe expected
relationship between variables
39. Anatomical Position: erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing for-ward, head
facing forward
standard frame of reference for anatomical descriptions and dissection
40. Saggital Plane: divides the body into a right and left halves
41. Frontal (Coronal) Plane: divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
42. Transverse Plane: divides the body into superior and inferior parts
43. cephalic: head
44. cranial: back of head (brain)
45. frontal: forehead
46. orbital: eye and orbit
