BIO 201 CHAPTER 5
1. blood: Function: transports gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones, heat, leuko- cytes
(immunity and clotting), and platelets that secrete growth factors to promotetissue
maintenance and repair
Location: heart and blood vessels
2. bone tissue: Function: physical support of body, leverage for muscle action,protects
viscera, reservoir of calcium and phosphorus
Location: skeleton
3. avascular tissues: epithelial, cartilage
4. connective tissue cells: fibroblasts (fibers/ground substance), adipocytes (fat cells), mast
cells (secrete heparin and histamine), white blood cells, macrophages,plasma cells
5. slow healing tissues: Cartilage, ligaments, and tendons are slow to heal because they have
little to no blood supply, which limits the delivery of oxygen,nutrients, and immune cells
needed for repair.
6. excitable tissues: generate and transmit electrical impulses in response to astimulus.
nervous and muscular tissue
7. nervous tissue: Function: internal communication
Location: brain and spinal cord
8. dendrites: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive informa-tion
9. axon: A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away fromthe cell
body
10. cell body (neuron): contains nucleus and organelles
11. myelin sheath: A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of manyneurons;
enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one
node to the next.
12. node of ranvier: A gap between successive segments of the myelin sheathwhere the axon
membrane is exposed.
13. glial cells: cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neu-rons
, 14. muscle function: movement, posture maintenance, joint stabilization, and heatproduction
through contraction
15. skeletal muscle: Function: body movement, facial expression, posture, breath-ing, speech,
swallowing
Location: skeletal muscle, tongue, lips, eyes, urethra, anus
16. cardiac muscle: Function: pumping of blood, involuntary
Location: heart
17. smooth muscle: Function: swallowing, contraction of GI tract, expulsion of urine/feces,
labor contractions, blood pressure, pupil diameter, erection of hairs,involuntary
Location: sheets of tissue in walls of blood vessels and viscera, iris, hair follicles,sphincters of
urethra and anus
18. endocrine glands: Glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly intothe
bloodstream (thyroid, pituitary)
19. exocrine glands: secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either toother organs or
out of the body (sweat, salivary, oil glands)
20. organs w/ endocrine and exocrine function: pancreas, liver, ovary, testes,kidneys
21. exocrine gland drawing:
22. parenchyma: perform synthesis and secretion of glands
23. goblet cell location: respiratory tract (e.g., trachea, bronchi) and the digestivetract (e.g.,
small and large intestines)
24. simple gland: unbranched duct
25. compound gland: branched duct
26. serous glands: watery fluids (milk, perspiration, tears, etc)
27. mucous glands: glycoprotein mucin
28. mixed glands: mucus and watery fluids (ex salivary gland in chin)
29. holocrine: accumulate products within, then cell disintegrates
30. eecrine: release products by means of exocytosis
31. aprocine: lipids coalesce from cytosol into droplet that buds from cell
1. blood: Function: transports gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones, heat, leuko- cytes
(immunity and clotting), and platelets that secrete growth factors to promotetissue
maintenance and repair
Location: heart and blood vessels
2. bone tissue: Function: physical support of body, leverage for muscle action,protects
viscera, reservoir of calcium and phosphorus
Location: skeleton
3. avascular tissues: epithelial, cartilage
4. connective tissue cells: fibroblasts (fibers/ground substance), adipocytes (fat cells), mast
cells (secrete heparin and histamine), white blood cells, macrophages,plasma cells
5. slow healing tissues: Cartilage, ligaments, and tendons are slow to heal because they have
little to no blood supply, which limits the delivery of oxygen,nutrients, and immune cells
needed for repair.
6. excitable tissues: generate and transmit electrical impulses in response to astimulus.
nervous and muscular tissue
7. nervous tissue: Function: internal communication
Location: brain and spinal cord
8. dendrites: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive informa-tion
9. axon: A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away fromthe cell
body
10. cell body (neuron): contains nucleus and organelles
11. myelin sheath: A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of manyneurons;
enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one
node to the next.
12. node of ranvier: A gap between successive segments of the myelin sheathwhere the axon
membrane is exposed.
13. glial cells: cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neu-rons
, 14. muscle function: movement, posture maintenance, joint stabilization, and heatproduction
through contraction
15. skeletal muscle: Function: body movement, facial expression, posture, breath-ing, speech,
swallowing
Location: skeletal muscle, tongue, lips, eyes, urethra, anus
16. cardiac muscle: Function: pumping of blood, involuntary
Location: heart
17. smooth muscle: Function: swallowing, contraction of GI tract, expulsion of urine/feces,
labor contractions, blood pressure, pupil diameter, erection of hairs,involuntary
Location: sheets of tissue in walls of blood vessels and viscera, iris, hair follicles,sphincters of
urethra and anus
18. endocrine glands: Glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly intothe
bloodstream (thyroid, pituitary)
19. exocrine glands: secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either toother organs or
out of the body (sweat, salivary, oil glands)
20. organs w/ endocrine and exocrine function: pancreas, liver, ovary, testes,kidneys
21. exocrine gland drawing:
22. parenchyma: perform synthesis and secretion of glands
23. goblet cell location: respiratory tract (e.g., trachea, bronchi) and the digestivetract (e.g.,
small and large intestines)
24. simple gland: unbranched duct
25. compound gland: branched duct
26. serous glands: watery fluids (milk, perspiration, tears, etc)
27. mucous glands: glycoprotein mucin
28. mixed glands: mucus and watery fluids (ex salivary gland in chin)
29. holocrine: accumulate products within, then cell disintegrates
30. eecrine: release products by means of exocytosis
31. aprocine: lipids coalesce from cytosol into droplet that buds from cell
