BIO 201 CHAPTER 6
1. growth of scalp hair: 1mm every 3 days for 2-4 yearsdormant phase lasts 3-4 months
2. growth of eyelashes/ eyebrows: only grow for 3-4 months
3. hirsutism: abnormal hairiness, especially in women and children (due to hyper-secretion of
testosterone)
4. alopecia: thinning hair, due to aging, poor nutrition, disease, fever, stress, etc
5. functions of hair: sensory heat retention and sunburn coversex and individual recognition
guard hairs
expression
6. merocrine glands: watery perspiration, located all over, abundant in palms,soles, and
forehead
7. apocrine glands: more fatty acid, thick/milky, ducts lead to hair follicles, groin,beard,
axillary
8. sebaceous glands: produce oily sebum, prevents dry/brittle skin and hair, openinto hair
follicle and skin surface
9. ceruminous glands: external ear canal, produce cerumen, waterproof keepseardrum
flexible
10. dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
11. tinea (ringworm): fungal infection
12. rosacea: red rash of nose/cheeks
13. seborrheic dermatitis: recurring patches of scaly white and/or yellow inflam-mation
14. warts: viral infection
15. acne: cause: inflammation of sebaceous glands
treatment: frequent cleansing, topical ointments, antibiotics, accutane
16. vitiligo: localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
17. eczema: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,blisters, scabs,
and itching (genetic component)
18. psorasis: immune mediated skin disease (t-lymphocytes), abnormal epithelialgrowth
19. impetigo: bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that be-come crusted
and rupture
, 20. basal cell carcinoma: arises from cells of the stratum basale and invadesdermis, least
likely to metastasize
21. squamous cell carcinoma: arises from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum, canmetastasize to
lymph nodes
22. malignant melanoma: arises from melanocytes from pre-existing mole, ABCD
23. causes of skin cancer: Genetic predisposition & suns UV radiation damagesskin cell
DNA causing mistakes during mitosis.
24. 1st degree burn: only epidermis is damaged
25. 2nd degree burn: thermal damage to the first & second layers of the skin(epidermis and
dermis)
26. 3rd degree burn: Full thickness damage through skin into nerves and muscles
27. partial thickness burns: Burns affecting epidermis and part of dermis.
28. full thickness burns: burn causes immediate cellular and tissue death andsubsequent
vascular destruction
29. causes of burns: hot water, sunlight, radiation, electric shock or acids andbases
30. what causes death from burns?: fluid loss, infection, effects of (eschar) deadtissue
31. terms synonymous w/ skin: dermacutaneous membrane
32. layers of the skin: epidermis (outer layer, stratified squamous epithelium)dermis (inner
layer, deeper connective tissue)
33. thin skin: 0.5mm (eyelids)
34. thick skin: up to 6 mm (palms and soles, no hair follicles or sebaceous glands)
35. epidermis: keratinized stratified squamous epitheliumno blood vessels
5 layers
36. 5 layers of epidermis: stratum basalestratum spinosum
stratum granulosumstratum lucidum stratum corneum
37. stratum basale: a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells resting onbasement
membrane
38. stem cells: cells that divide rapidly (SB)
39. keratinocytes: cells that produce a tough, fibrous protein- keratin (SB)
40. melanocytes: cells that produce a protective pigment melanin (SB)
41. tactile cells: cells that sense touch (SB)
42. stratum spinosum: thickest layer, contains more living keratinocytes, keratinfilaments
cause cells to flatten
1. growth of scalp hair: 1mm every 3 days for 2-4 yearsdormant phase lasts 3-4 months
2. growth of eyelashes/ eyebrows: only grow for 3-4 months
3. hirsutism: abnormal hairiness, especially in women and children (due to hyper-secretion of
testosterone)
4. alopecia: thinning hair, due to aging, poor nutrition, disease, fever, stress, etc
5. functions of hair: sensory heat retention and sunburn coversex and individual recognition
guard hairs
expression
6. merocrine glands: watery perspiration, located all over, abundant in palms,soles, and
forehead
7. apocrine glands: more fatty acid, thick/milky, ducts lead to hair follicles, groin,beard,
axillary
8. sebaceous glands: produce oily sebum, prevents dry/brittle skin and hair, openinto hair
follicle and skin surface
9. ceruminous glands: external ear canal, produce cerumen, waterproof keepseardrum
flexible
10. dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
11. tinea (ringworm): fungal infection
12. rosacea: red rash of nose/cheeks
13. seborrheic dermatitis: recurring patches of scaly white and/or yellow inflam-mation
14. warts: viral infection
15. acne: cause: inflammation of sebaceous glands
treatment: frequent cleansing, topical ointments, antibiotics, accutane
16. vitiligo: localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
17. eczema: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,blisters, scabs,
and itching (genetic component)
18. psorasis: immune mediated skin disease (t-lymphocytes), abnormal epithelialgrowth
19. impetigo: bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that be-come crusted
and rupture
, 20. basal cell carcinoma: arises from cells of the stratum basale and invadesdermis, least
likely to metastasize
21. squamous cell carcinoma: arises from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum, canmetastasize to
lymph nodes
22. malignant melanoma: arises from melanocytes from pre-existing mole, ABCD
23. causes of skin cancer: Genetic predisposition & suns UV radiation damagesskin cell
DNA causing mistakes during mitosis.
24. 1st degree burn: only epidermis is damaged
25. 2nd degree burn: thermal damage to the first & second layers of the skin(epidermis and
dermis)
26. 3rd degree burn: Full thickness damage through skin into nerves and muscles
27. partial thickness burns: Burns affecting epidermis and part of dermis.
28. full thickness burns: burn causes immediate cellular and tissue death andsubsequent
vascular destruction
29. causes of burns: hot water, sunlight, radiation, electric shock or acids andbases
30. what causes death from burns?: fluid loss, infection, effects of (eschar) deadtissue
31. terms synonymous w/ skin: dermacutaneous membrane
32. layers of the skin: epidermis (outer layer, stratified squamous epithelium)dermis (inner
layer, deeper connective tissue)
33. thin skin: 0.5mm (eyelids)
34. thick skin: up to 6 mm (palms and soles, no hair follicles or sebaceous glands)
35. epidermis: keratinized stratified squamous epitheliumno blood vessels
5 layers
36. 5 layers of epidermis: stratum basalestratum spinosum
stratum granulosumstratum lucidum stratum corneum
37. stratum basale: a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells resting onbasement
membrane
38. stem cells: cells that divide rapidly (SB)
39. keratinocytes: cells that produce a tough, fibrous protein- keratin (SB)
40. melanocytes: cells that produce a protective pigment melanin (SB)
41. tactile cells: cells that sense touch (SB)
42. stratum spinosum: thickest layer, contains more living keratinocytes, keratinfilaments
cause cells to flatten
