JAI GURU DEV
MAHARISHI VIDYA MANDIR SR. SEC SCHOOL = ILUPPUR
SOCIAL SCIENCE
GEOGRAPHY– FOREST AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES
CLASS -X Page No. 1
(1)What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Answer: Biodiversity refers to diverse flora and fauna that exist in a given area. Biodiversity is made up
of various types of life forms found on earth.
Contribution of biodiversity in human lives. Plants, animals and human beings are interdependent. It is
necessary for human beings as we get fresh air, water, food, etc., from them. Thus, the existence of
human beings depends on them.
2. What efforts or steps were taken by the government to protect forests and wildlife of the country
(OR)
What has been the contribution of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act in protecting habitats in India?
Explain.
(OR)
Write any 3 effective practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
(OR)
Explain any three measures taken by the Indian government to protect wildlife.
Answer: Answer: The following steps are taken by the government to protect the flora and fauna of the
country.
(1) Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972 in India.
(2) Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up in the country to protect flora and fauna. Four out
of these - Sundarbans in West Bengal, Nanda Devi in Uttarakhand, the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil
Nadu and the Nilgiris - have been included in the world network of biosphere reserves.
(3) Financial and technical assistance is provided to many botanical gardens by the government
Since 1992.
(4) Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard and many other eco-developmental projects
have been introduced.
(5) Total 89 national parks, 490 wildlife sanctuaries and zoological gardens are set up to take care of
natural heritage.
3. Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer: (1) Now a days, many non-governmental organizations are working towards creating public
awareness for conserving depleting forest cover and vanishing wildlife.
(2) Central and state governments in India have set up national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect
forest and endangered species in wildlife.
(3) Projects for the protection of specific animals like the tiger, one horned rhinoceros, crocodiles etc.
have been announced.
(4) Conservation projects today focus on biodiversity rather than on just a few components. Insects like
butterfly moths etc. have been added to the list of protected species.
(5) Various communities, especially in tribal areas, who are dependent on forests for their living are now
taking an active role in this form of conservation
(6) Worshipping of these forests and demarcating them as ‘Sacred groves’ helps in the protection of
various species of plants and animals.
(7). Running community awareness programmes like Vanmahotav from time to time.
4. Why do we need to conserve our forests and wildlife?
, Page No. 2
Answer: (1) Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems – water, air and
soil.
2. It also preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding.
3. Fisheries too are heavily dependent on the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.
5‘’Forests play a key role in the ecological system.’’ Highlight the values of forest in our life.
(OR)
What is importance of forests?
(OR)
Why is it necessary to increase the area of forest in India?
(1)Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are the primary producers on which all other
living beings depend.
(2) Many forest dependent communities directly depends on them for food, drink, medicine, culture,
spirituality etc.
(3) Forest provide us timber.
(4) Forests also provide bamboo, wood for fuel, grass, charcoal, fruits, flowers, etc.
6. Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.
(OR)
Analyze the involvement of different traditional communities to conserve their own natural habitats in
India
(OR)
With the help of three examples show how communities have carried out conservation of
Flora and fauna in India.
(OR)
How are the cultural values helpful in the conservation of nature and its creations?
Explain.
Answer: (1) In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the
Wildlife Protection Act.
(2)The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar District of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of
forests as the ‘Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not
allow hunting.
(3)Chipko movement in Himalayas was a community effort to resist deforestation which was very
successful.
(4) In Joint Forest Management (JFM), the government works with the help of local communities for
management and restoration of degraded forests.
(5)Many farmers and citizen groups support the Bee) Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya have
developed or are using various crop production methods which do not use synthetic chemicals for
growing crops.
7. What is Joint Forest Management Programme? Which was the first state to adopt this programme?
Answer: Joint Forest Management (JFM) programmes have been launched by various State
Governments. The first state to start this programme was Odisha in 1988.
The important features of JFM:
(1)In India, Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme has been proved an excellent example for
involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
(2) .The major purpose of the JFM was not only to protect the forests from encroachments, grazing, theft
and fire but also to improve the forest in accordance with an approved Joint Forest Management Plan
(3) The Programme mainly depends on the formation of local (village) institutions that undertake
protection activities mostly on degraded forest land managed by the forest department.
MAHARISHI VIDYA MANDIR SR. SEC SCHOOL = ILUPPUR
SOCIAL SCIENCE
GEOGRAPHY– FOREST AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES
CLASS -X Page No. 1
(1)What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Answer: Biodiversity refers to diverse flora and fauna that exist in a given area. Biodiversity is made up
of various types of life forms found on earth.
Contribution of biodiversity in human lives. Plants, animals and human beings are interdependent. It is
necessary for human beings as we get fresh air, water, food, etc., from them. Thus, the existence of
human beings depends on them.
2. What efforts or steps were taken by the government to protect forests and wildlife of the country
(OR)
What has been the contribution of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act in protecting habitats in India?
Explain.
(OR)
Write any 3 effective practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
(OR)
Explain any three measures taken by the Indian government to protect wildlife.
Answer: Answer: The following steps are taken by the government to protect the flora and fauna of the
country.
(1) Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972 in India.
(2) Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up in the country to protect flora and fauna. Four out
of these - Sundarbans in West Bengal, Nanda Devi in Uttarakhand, the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil
Nadu and the Nilgiris - have been included in the world network of biosphere reserves.
(3) Financial and technical assistance is provided to many botanical gardens by the government
Since 1992.
(4) Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard and many other eco-developmental projects
have been introduced.
(5) Total 89 national parks, 490 wildlife sanctuaries and zoological gardens are set up to take care of
natural heritage.
3. Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer: (1) Now a days, many non-governmental organizations are working towards creating public
awareness for conserving depleting forest cover and vanishing wildlife.
(2) Central and state governments in India have set up national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect
forest and endangered species in wildlife.
(3) Projects for the protection of specific animals like the tiger, one horned rhinoceros, crocodiles etc.
have been announced.
(4) Conservation projects today focus on biodiversity rather than on just a few components. Insects like
butterfly moths etc. have been added to the list of protected species.
(5) Various communities, especially in tribal areas, who are dependent on forests for their living are now
taking an active role in this form of conservation
(6) Worshipping of these forests and demarcating them as ‘Sacred groves’ helps in the protection of
various species of plants and animals.
(7). Running community awareness programmes like Vanmahotav from time to time.
4. Why do we need to conserve our forests and wildlife?
, Page No. 2
Answer: (1) Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems – water, air and
soil.
2. It also preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding.
3. Fisheries too are heavily dependent on the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.
5‘’Forests play a key role in the ecological system.’’ Highlight the values of forest in our life.
(OR)
What is importance of forests?
(OR)
Why is it necessary to increase the area of forest in India?
(1)Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are the primary producers on which all other
living beings depend.
(2) Many forest dependent communities directly depends on them for food, drink, medicine, culture,
spirituality etc.
(3) Forest provide us timber.
(4) Forests also provide bamboo, wood for fuel, grass, charcoal, fruits, flowers, etc.
6. Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.
(OR)
Analyze the involvement of different traditional communities to conserve their own natural habitats in
India
(OR)
With the help of three examples show how communities have carried out conservation of
Flora and fauna in India.
(OR)
How are the cultural values helpful in the conservation of nature and its creations?
Explain.
Answer: (1) In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the
Wildlife Protection Act.
(2)The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar District of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of
forests as the ‘Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not
allow hunting.
(3)Chipko movement in Himalayas was a community effort to resist deforestation which was very
successful.
(4) In Joint Forest Management (JFM), the government works with the help of local communities for
management and restoration of degraded forests.
(5)Many farmers and citizen groups support the Bee) Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya have
developed or are using various crop production methods which do not use synthetic chemicals for
growing crops.
7. What is Joint Forest Management Programme? Which was the first state to adopt this programme?
Answer: Joint Forest Management (JFM) programmes have been launched by various State
Governments. The first state to start this programme was Odisha in 1988.
The important features of JFM:
(1)In India, Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme has been proved an excellent example for
involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
(2) .The major purpose of the JFM was not only to protect the forests from encroachments, grazing, theft
and fire but also to improve the forest in accordance with an approved Joint Forest Management Plan
(3) The Programme mainly depends on the formation of local (village) institutions that undertake
protection activities mostly on degraded forest land managed by the forest department.
