Microbiology and Parasitology Test Questions
with Answers Graded A+
When was the term microbiology first used - Ans -1860s
What four areas of study are encompassed by clinical microbiology - Ans -Viruses,
fungi, bacteria, and parasites
What is the difference between a pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen - Ans -
Pathogen: a bacteria capable of causing a disease
Opportunistic pathogen: microorganisms that invade the body and cause illness only when
the body's immune defense are impaired or absent
How do bacterial pathogens cause host damage - Ans -The damage is caused by
bacterial growth in tissues or y the toxins bacteria produce
What are the morphological types of bacteria - Ans -Coccus, bacillus, and spirochete
What are the morphological forms of fungi - Ans -Molds and yeast
What is a gram stain? - Ans -A test that uses a series of stains to differentiate the
composition of their cell walls
Gram positive- violet (retain the crystal violet stain)
Gram negative- pink (lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin)
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria - Ans -Aerobic
bacteria grow in the presence of oxygen
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Anaerobic bacteria grow in the absence or decreased levels of oxygen
, How are viruses different from microorganisms? Name 3 viral diseases - Ans -Viruses
are not living cells, and can only replicate by invading a cell, viruses can only contain either
a DNA or RNA not both
Epstein-Barr virus (mono), rubella, rhinoviruses
What type of specimen is used to detect malaria and giardia - Ans -Malaria requires
blood specimen
Giardia requires fecal specimen
Five methods used to help identify bacteria - Ans -microscopic morphology- coccus,
bacillus, spirochete
colony morphology- how the colony grows on the plate
reactions with Gram stain and other stains,
biochemical reactions,
gene probes
antibody reactions- antibiotic susceptibility testing
antibiotic susceptibility testing - Ans -can be routine like strep
only works for bacteria
finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to inhibit the bacterial growth
fastidious bacteria - Ans -bacteria that require special nutritional factors to survive
immunoassay - Ans -a diagnostic method using antigen-antibody reactions
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Page
with Answers Graded A+
When was the term microbiology first used - Ans -1860s
What four areas of study are encompassed by clinical microbiology - Ans -Viruses,
fungi, bacteria, and parasites
What is the difference between a pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen - Ans -
Pathogen: a bacteria capable of causing a disease
Opportunistic pathogen: microorganisms that invade the body and cause illness only when
the body's immune defense are impaired or absent
How do bacterial pathogens cause host damage - Ans -The damage is caused by
bacterial growth in tissues or y the toxins bacteria produce
What are the morphological types of bacteria - Ans -Coccus, bacillus, and spirochete
What are the morphological forms of fungi - Ans -Molds and yeast
What is a gram stain? - Ans -A test that uses a series of stains to differentiate the
composition of their cell walls
Gram positive- violet (retain the crystal violet stain)
Gram negative- pink (lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin)
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria - Ans -Aerobic
bacteria grow in the presence of oxygen
1
Page
Anaerobic bacteria grow in the absence or decreased levels of oxygen
, How are viruses different from microorganisms? Name 3 viral diseases - Ans -Viruses
are not living cells, and can only replicate by invading a cell, viruses can only contain either
a DNA or RNA not both
Epstein-Barr virus (mono), rubella, rhinoviruses
What type of specimen is used to detect malaria and giardia - Ans -Malaria requires
blood specimen
Giardia requires fecal specimen
Five methods used to help identify bacteria - Ans -microscopic morphology- coccus,
bacillus, spirochete
colony morphology- how the colony grows on the plate
reactions with Gram stain and other stains,
biochemical reactions,
gene probes
antibody reactions- antibiotic susceptibility testing
antibiotic susceptibility testing - Ans -can be routine like strep
only works for bacteria
finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to inhibit the bacterial growth
fastidious bacteria - Ans -bacteria that require special nutritional factors to survive
immunoassay - Ans -a diagnostic method using antigen-antibody reactions
2
Page
