Microbiology Chapter 3 Test with 100% Verified Answers
4 Processes of Life - Ans -growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
Prokaryotes - Ans -kind of cell without a nucleus
eukaryote - Ans -kind of cell with a nucleus
organelles - Ans -specialized structures that act like tiny organs to carry on the
functions of the cell
glycocalyx - Ans -gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the outside of a cell
capsule - Ans -a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic chemicals firmly
attached to the cell surface
slime layer - Ans -a loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from drying out
desciccation - Ans -drying out
flagella - Ans -long structures that extend beyond the cell surface and propel a cell
through the environment
3 parts of a flagella - Ans -filament, hook, basal body
peritrichous flagella - Ans -flagella that cover the surface of a cell
1
Page
, polar flagella - Ans -flagella only at the end of a cell
endoflagella - Ans -flagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of protruding
taxis - Ans -movement in response to stimuli
phototaxis - Ans -movement in response to a light stimulus
chemotaxis - Ans -movement in response to a chemical stimulus
fimbriae - Ans -sticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow them to adhere to
substance sin the environment or to each other
biofilms - Ans -slimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate by means of
fimbriae and glycocalyces
pili - Ans -tubules composed of a protein called pilin, longer than fimbriae, shorter
than flagella
4 functions of a cell wall - Ans -1. provide structure and shape to the cell
2. protect the cell from osmotic forces
3.assists in attaching to other cells
4. resists antimicrobial drugs
cocci - Ans -spherical cells that appear singly, in chains, clusters, or cuboidal
2
packets
Page
4 Processes of Life - Ans -growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
Prokaryotes - Ans -kind of cell without a nucleus
eukaryote - Ans -kind of cell with a nucleus
organelles - Ans -specialized structures that act like tiny organs to carry on the
functions of the cell
glycocalyx - Ans -gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the outside of a cell
capsule - Ans -a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic chemicals firmly
attached to the cell surface
slime layer - Ans -a loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from drying out
desciccation - Ans -drying out
flagella - Ans -long structures that extend beyond the cell surface and propel a cell
through the environment
3 parts of a flagella - Ans -filament, hook, basal body
peritrichous flagella - Ans -flagella that cover the surface of a cell
1
Page
, polar flagella - Ans -flagella only at the end of a cell
endoflagella - Ans -flagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of protruding
taxis - Ans -movement in response to stimuli
phototaxis - Ans -movement in response to a light stimulus
chemotaxis - Ans -movement in response to a chemical stimulus
fimbriae - Ans -sticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow them to adhere to
substance sin the environment or to each other
biofilms - Ans -slimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate by means of
fimbriae and glycocalyces
pili - Ans -tubules composed of a protein called pilin, longer than fimbriae, shorter
than flagella
4 functions of a cell wall - Ans -1. provide structure and shape to the cell
2. protect the cell from osmotic forces
3.assists in attaching to other cells
4. resists antimicrobial drugs
cocci - Ans -spherical cells that appear singly, in chains, clusters, or cuboidal
2
packets
Page
