2025 Honors Biology Exam Study Guide
Scientific Method - correct answers A systematic process for investigating phenomena, which
includes steps such as observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, analysis,
conclusion, and repeat.
Observation - correct answers Noticing and describing a phenomenon.
Question - correct answers Asking a question about the observation.
Hypothesis - correct answers Proposing a testable explanation.
Experiment - correct answers Testing the hypothesis with a controlled experiment.
Data Collection - correct answers Gathering and recording results.
Analysis - correct answers Interpreting the data.
Conclusion - correct answers Drawing conclusions and sharing results.
Repeat - correct answers Repeating the experiment for verification.
Control Group - correct answers The set of plants that receive no fertilizer or a standard
fertilizer, serving as a baseline for comparison.
Hypothesis - correct answers A specific, testable prediction (e.g., 'If plants get more sunlight,
they will grow taller.').
G1 Phase - correct answers Cell grows and carries out normal functions.
S Phase - correct answers DNA is replicated.
G2 Phase - correct answers Cell prepares for mitosis, making proteins and organelles.
Mitosis - correct answers Division of the cell nucleus and chromosomes.
Cytokinesis - correct answers Division of the cytoplasm, forming two cells.
Phases of Mitosis - correct answers prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Meiosis Importance - correct answers It reduces chromosome number by half, producing
gametes (sperm/egg), allowing genetic diversity and maintaining species chromosome number.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis - correct answers Mitosis: 1 division, 2 identical cells, diploid cells. Meiosis: 2
divisions, 4 genetically different cells, haploid cells.
Genetic Variation in Meiosis - correct answers Contributes through crossing over and
independent assortment of chromosomes.
Scientific Method - correct answers A systematic process for investigating phenomena, which
includes steps such as observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, analysis,
conclusion, and repeat.
Observation - correct answers Noticing and describing a phenomenon.
Question - correct answers Asking a question about the observation.
Hypothesis - correct answers Proposing a testable explanation.
Experiment - correct answers Testing the hypothesis with a controlled experiment.
Data Collection - correct answers Gathering and recording results.
Analysis - correct answers Interpreting the data.
Conclusion - correct answers Drawing conclusions and sharing results.
Repeat - correct answers Repeating the experiment for verification.
Control Group - correct answers The set of plants that receive no fertilizer or a standard
fertilizer, serving as a baseline for comparison.
Hypothesis - correct answers A specific, testable prediction (e.g., 'If plants get more sunlight,
they will grow taller.').
G1 Phase - correct answers Cell grows and carries out normal functions.
S Phase - correct answers DNA is replicated.
G2 Phase - correct answers Cell prepares for mitosis, making proteins and organelles.
Mitosis - correct answers Division of the cell nucleus and chromosomes.
Cytokinesis - correct answers Division of the cytoplasm, forming two cells.
Phases of Mitosis - correct answers prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Meiosis Importance - correct answers It reduces chromosome number by half, producing
gametes (sperm/egg), allowing genetic diversity and maintaining species chromosome number.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis - correct answers Mitosis: 1 division, 2 identical cells, diploid cells. Meiosis: 2
divisions, 4 genetically different cells, haploid cells.
Genetic Variation in Meiosis - correct answers Contributes through crossing over and
independent assortment of chromosomes.
