,
,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
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Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE df
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a p
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haryngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash, dy
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sphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malai
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se, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been p
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rescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is df df df df df df
a. a sore throat. df df
b. streptococcal infection. df
c. genetic susceptibility. df
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B df
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is th
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e manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to dev
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elop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestati
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on of the disease process.
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2. A 17-year-old college-
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bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an e
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xample of df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: A df
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for su
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sceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early d
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etection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative
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and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disea
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se treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
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3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
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calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: B df
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as pr
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escribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Primary preve
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ntion is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible ind
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ividuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to allevia
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te disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the d
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isease once it has developed. df df df df
, 4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium i
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ntake. This is an example of df df df df df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: B df
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as
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by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of d
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isease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prev
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ention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restor
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e effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has deve
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loped.
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
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lowering medication. This is an example of df df df df df df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: C df
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disabili
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ty and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-
df df df df df df df df df
lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by alt
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ering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is t
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he early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves mana
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gement of the disease once it has developed.
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6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of t
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his disease. This stage of illness is called the
df df df df df df df df stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B df
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first a
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ppearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubati
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on (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicatin
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g the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and n
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ausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refers to subsequent pa
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thologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disea
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se, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
df df df df
Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
df df df
MULTIPLE CHOICE df
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a p
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
haryngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash, dy
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
sphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malai
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
se, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been p
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
rescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is df df df df df df
a. a sore throat. df df
b. streptococcal infection. df
c. genetic susceptibility. df
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B df
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is th
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
e manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to dev
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
elop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestati
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
on of the disease process.
df df df df
2. A 17-year-old college-
df df
bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an e
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
xample of df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: A df
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for su
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sceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early d
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
etection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative
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and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disea
df df df df df df df df df df df df
se treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
df df df df df df df df df df
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
df df df df df df df df df df df df
calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
df df df df df df df df df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: B df
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as pr
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escribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Primary preve
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ntion is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible ind
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ividuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to allevia
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te disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the d
df df df df df df df df df df df df
isease once it has developed. df df df df
, 4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium i
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ntake. This is an example of df df df df df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: B df
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as
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by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of d
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isease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prev
df df df df df df df df df df df
ention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restor
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e effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has deve
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loped.
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
lowering medication. This is an example of df df df df df df
a. primary prevention. df
b. secondary prevention. df
c. tertiary prevention. df
d. disease treatment. df
ANS: C df
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disabili
df df df df df df df df df df df
ty and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-
df df df df df df df df df
lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by alt
df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is t
df df df df df df df df df df df
he early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves mana
df df df df df df df df df df df df
gement of the disease once it has developed.
df df df df df df df
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of t
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
his disease. This stage of illness is called the
df df df df df df df df stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B df
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first a
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ppearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubati
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
on (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicatin
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
g the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and n
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
ausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refers to subsequent pa
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
thologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disea
df df df df df df df df df df df df df df
se, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
