|NATURE AND ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Communication
Communication is the process of sharing or exchanging information,
ideas, feelings, or messages between individuals or groups. It can happen
through spoken or written words, gestures, facial expressions, or even symbols.
The main goal is to create mutual understanding and connection between
people.
The Process
of Communication
The communication process involves several steps that allow a message to
be sent, received, and understood. Here are the main steps:
1. The sender encodes the message
2. The message is transmitted
3. The receiver receives the message
4. The receiver decodes the message
5. The receiver gives feedback
Communication Models
Communication models help us understand how messages move from one
person to another. Here are some key models:
Linear Models: Show communication as a one-way process.
Aristotle’s Model: Focuses on the speaker, message, and
audience.
Shannon-Weaver Model: Includes sender, encoder, channel,
decoder, receiver, and noise (anything that disrupts the message.
Interactive Models: Show two-way communication with feedback.
Osgood-Schramm Model: Emphasizes the roles of both sender
and receiver, with messages going back and forth.
Transactional Models: Show communication as a continuous process
where both people are senders and receivers at the same time.
Barnlund’s Model: Considers the context and cues (like body
language) that affect communication.
, Elements of
Communication
Sender – a person or a group of persons that initiates the
communication.
Message – statement conveyed by one person to another.
Encoding – the process of translating information in the message.
Channel – the means to convey the message. Its either oral or written.
Decoding – the process where the receiver interprets the message.
Receiver – the individual o individuals to whom the message is directed
to.
Feedback – the response of the receiver to the sender’s message.
Context – the environment surrounding the communication act.
Barrier – hinder the sender’s message to be understood by the receiver.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
Verbal Communication Non-Verbal Communication
Uses spoken or written words Involves body language,
to share ideas. Examples facial expressions, gestures,
include conversations, eye contact, posture, and
speeches, emails, and texts. tone of voice. Non-verbal
Key aspects are language, cues can often express
tone, and clarity. emotions or attitudes more
powerfully than words.
Effective Communication Skills
Active Listening: Paying close attention and showing you understand.
Clear Expression: Speaking or writing in a way that is easy to understand.
Non-Verbal Awareness: Using and reading body language and facial
expressions.
Empathy: Understanding and respecting others’ feelings.
Feedback: Asking questions and giving responses to clarify messages.
Conflict Resolution: Handling disagreements calmly and respectfully.
Digital Communication: Using email, social media, and other online tools
effectively.
Communication
Communication is the process of sharing or exchanging information,
ideas, feelings, or messages between individuals or groups. It can happen
through spoken or written words, gestures, facial expressions, or even symbols.
The main goal is to create mutual understanding and connection between
people.
The Process
of Communication
The communication process involves several steps that allow a message to
be sent, received, and understood. Here are the main steps:
1. The sender encodes the message
2. The message is transmitted
3. The receiver receives the message
4. The receiver decodes the message
5. The receiver gives feedback
Communication Models
Communication models help us understand how messages move from one
person to another. Here are some key models:
Linear Models: Show communication as a one-way process.
Aristotle’s Model: Focuses on the speaker, message, and
audience.
Shannon-Weaver Model: Includes sender, encoder, channel,
decoder, receiver, and noise (anything that disrupts the message.
Interactive Models: Show two-way communication with feedback.
Osgood-Schramm Model: Emphasizes the roles of both sender
and receiver, with messages going back and forth.
Transactional Models: Show communication as a continuous process
where both people are senders and receivers at the same time.
Barnlund’s Model: Considers the context and cues (like body
language) that affect communication.
, Elements of
Communication
Sender – a person or a group of persons that initiates the
communication.
Message – statement conveyed by one person to another.
Encoding – the process of translating information in the message.
Channel – the means to convey the message. Its either oral or written.
Decoding – the process where the receiver interprets the message.
Receiver – the individual o individuals to whom the message is directed
to.
Feedback – the response of the receiver to the sender’s message.
Context – the environment surrounding the communication act.
Barrier – hinder the sender’s message to be understood by the receiver.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
Verbal Communication Non-Verbal Communication
Uses spoken or written words Involves body language,
to share ideas. Examples facial expressions, gestures,
include conversations, eye contact, posture, and
speeches, emails, and texts. tone of voice. Non-verbal
Key aspects are language, cues can often express
tone, and clarity. emotions or attitudes more
powerfully than words.
Effective Communication Skills
Active Listening: Paying close attention and showing you understand.
Clear Expression: Speaking or writing in a way that is easy to understand.
Non-Verbal Awareness: Using and reading body language and facial
expressions.
Empathy: Understanding and respecting others’ feelings.
Feedback: Asking questions and giving responses to clarify messages.
Conflict Resolution: Handling disagreements calmly and respectfully.
Digital Communication: Using email, social media, and other online tools
effectively.
