BIO 201 QUESTIONS
• Structural classifications of neurons do NOT include: motor neurons
• What is the term that describes the change to -50(negative 50mV)mV fromresting
membrane potential in a neuron?: Depolarization
• Match each ion's movement with the type of graded potential it creates.: -
Na+ entry: depolarizing Cl- entry: hyper-polarizingK+ exit: hyper-polarizing
Ca+2 entry: depolarizing
• Match the communication method with its property.: gap junction: bothelectrical and
chemical
paracrine signal: chemical
• Pick all the TRUE statements from the statements below regarding action potentials
generated in a neuron.: - An action potential generates a local current that depolarizes adjacent
membrane to threshold potential.
- An action potential generates a new action potential in an adjacent area ofmembrane.
- Action potentials are usually initiated at the axon hillock or trigger zone of a neuron.
- An action potential generated by a threshold stimulus is the same size as onegenerated by a
supra-threshold stimulus.
• The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system consists of thesomatic nervous
system and the autonomic nervous system.: True
• The lipids in the cell membrane make the cell membrane an insulator.: True
• Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport are forms of slow transportin the neuron.:
False
• Imagine an animal whose neurons are governed by the same biophysicalprinciples as ours
but differ in their details. This animal's neurons have an extracellular potassium concentration
[K+] of 4 mM and an intracellular [K+]of 150 mM. If some potassium channels open when
the membrane potential (Vm) is positive-30 millivolts (+30 mV), which way will the
potassium ions flow?: Potassium ions will flow out of the cell.
• Imagine an animal whose neurons are governed by the same biophysicalprinciples as
ours but differ in their details. This animal's neurons have an extracellular [Cl-] of 105 mM and
an intracellular [Cl-] of 5 mM. If some chloridechannels open when the membrane potential
(Vm) is positive-10 millivolts (+10 mV), which way will the chloride ions flow, and how will
the membrane potential be affected?: chloride ions will flow into the cell; membrane potential
willbecome less positive.
, • Which is CORRECT regarding a skeletal muscle sarcomere?: The width ofthe A band is
equal to the length of the thick filament.
• The calcium required for the skeletal muscle contraction .-
: is passively released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
• Each somatic motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates is a
.: motor unit
• The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types offibers is the speed
of the: removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm only.
• Determine what is needed for the myosin head to carry out the powerstroke.: Release of
Pi
• Calcium needed to activate cross-bridging in smooth muscle comes from
.: extracellular fluid and sarcoplasmic reticulum
• A long distance bicyclist wants to start doing intense strength training for his legs to
improve his aerobic endurance. This improve his aerobic endurance, since .:
will not; strength training targets primarilyType IIB muscle fibers, which fatigue quickly
• Somatic motor neurons release the neurotransmitter at the neu-romuscular
junction and it binds to the receptor.: acetylcholine;
nicotinic acetylcholine
• In this epithelial cell, what would happen if there was an abrupt loss of ATP?: There will be
an increase in the amount of Na+ inside the epithelial cell.
• Which is TRUE regarding the mediated transport of a substance across a plasma
membrane?: It depends upon the binding of that substance to a specific site on the membrane
protein.
• Two compartments are separated by membrane that is permeable only to water and to
yellow dye molecules. Compartment A is filled with an aqueoussolution of yellow dye, and
compartment B is filled with an aqueous solutionof blue dye. If the system is left undisturbed
for a long time, what color will compartment B be?: Green (combination of yellow and blue)
• In comparing two solutions, the one that is hypertonic .:
wouldincrease the concentration of a hypotonic solution if they were mixed together
• Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP?-
: Movement of Na+ ions from a lower concentration from one side of the cellmembrane to a
higher concentration on the other side.
• Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement?: Diffusion of a solute through a
membrane is considerably quicker than diffusion of the same through awater layer of equal
thickness.
• Structural classifications of neurons do NOT include: motor neurons
• What is the term that describes the change to -50(negative 50mV)mV fromresting
membrane potential in a neuron?: Depolarization
• Match each ion's movement with the type of graded potential it creates.: -
Na+ entry: depolarizing Cl- entry: hyper-polarizingK+ exit: hyper-polarizing
Ca+2 entry: depolarizing
• Match the communication method with its property.: gap junction: bothelectrical and
chemical
paracrine signal: chemical
• Pick all the TRUE statements from the statements below regarding action potentials
generated in a neuron.: - An action potential generates a local current that depolarizes adjacent
membrane to threshold potential.
- An action potential generates a new action potential in an adjacent area ofmembrane.
- Action potentials are usually initiated at the axon hillock or trigger zone of a neuron.
- An action potential generated by a threshold stimulus is the same size as onegenerated by a
supra-threshold stimulus.
• The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system consists of thesomatic nervous
system and the autonomic nervous system.: True
• The lipids in the cell membrane make the cell membrane an insulator.: True
• Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport are forms of slow transportin the neuron.:
False
• Imagine an animal whose neurons are governed by the same biophysicalprinciples as ours
but differ in their details. This animal's neurons have an extracellular potassium concentration
[K+] of 4 mM and an intracellular [K+]of 150 mM. If some potassium channels open when
the membrane potential (Vm) is positive-30 millivolts (+30 mV), which way will the
potassium ions flow?: Potassium ions will flow out of the cell.
• Imagine an animal whose neurons are governed by the same biophysicalprinciples as
ours but differ in their details. This animal's neurons have an extracellular [Cl-] of 105 mM and
an intracellular [Cl-] of 5 mM. If some chloridechannels open when the membrane potential
(Vm) is positive-10 millivolts (+10 mV), which way will the chloride ions flow, and how will
the membrane potential be affected?: chloride ions will flow into the cell; membrane potential
willbecome less positive.
, • Which is CORRECT regarding a skeletal muscle sarcomere?: The width ofthe A band is
equal to the length of the thick filament.
• The calcium required for the skeletal muscle contraction .-
: is passively released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
• Each somatic motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates is a
.: motor unit
• The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types offibers is the speed
of the: removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm only.
• Determine what is needed for the myosin head to carry out the powerstroke.: Release of
Pi
• Calcium needed to activate cross-bridging in smooth muscle comes from
.: extracellular fluid and sarcoplasmic reticulum
• A long distance bicyclist wants to start doing intense strength training for his legs to
improve his aerobic endurance. This improve his aerobic endurance, since .:
will not; strength training targets primarilyType IIB muscle fibers, which fatigue quickly
• Somatic motor neurons release the neurotransmitter at the neu-romuscular
junction and it binds to the receptor.: acetylcholine;
nicotinic acetylcholine
• In this epithelial cell, what would happen if there was an abrupt loss of ATP?: There will be
an increase in the amount of Na+ inside the epithelial cell.
• Which is TRUE regarding the mediated transport of a substance across a plasma
membrane?: It depends upon the binding of that substance to a specific site on the membrane
protein.
• Two compartments are separated by membrane that is permeable only to water and to
yellow dye molecules. Compartment A is filled with an aqueoussolution of yellow dye, and
compartment B is filled with an aqueous solutionof blue dye. If the system is left undisturbed
for a long time, what color will compartment B be?: Green (combination of yellow and blue)
• In comparing two solutions, the one that is hypertonic .:
wouldincrease the concentration of a hypotonic solution if they were mixed together
• Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP?-
: Movement of Na+ ions from a lower concentration from one side of the cellmembrane to a
higher concentration on the other side.
• Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement?: Diffusion of a solute through a
membrane is considerably quicker than diffusion of the same through awater layer of equal
thickness.
