Terms in this set (571)
Quiz____?
Cell Wall Overall Picture - Compare *Gram (+) to Gram (-)* -
Answer✓✓
Quiz____?
*Flagellum* on bacteria is composed of what? What is the function? -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Proteins
Function: motility
Quiz____?
*Pilus/Fimbria* on bacteria is composed of what? What is the function? -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Glycoprotein
1
, Function: Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface, sex plus during conjugation.
Quiz____?
*Spore* formation is ONLY possible is what type of bacteria? Why is the formation of spores
important/beneficial?
What is the composition of a spore? -
Answer✓✓
Gram Positive Only
Function: Resistant to dehydration, heat, and chemicals.
Composition: Keratin-like coat; dipicolinic acid; peptidoglycan.
Quiz____?
*Capsule* will be composed of what on bacteria? What is the benefit of a capsule? -
Answer✓✓
Function: Protects against phagocytosis
Composition: Organized, discrete polysaccharide layer (except Bacillus anthracis, which
contains d-glutamate)
2
, Quiz____?
Glycocalyx -
Answer✓✓
Function: Mediates adherance to surfaces, especially foreign surfaces (e.g., indwelling catheters)
Composition:Loose network of polysaccharides
Quiz____?
Periplasm -
Answer✓✓
Space between the cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria
(peptidoglycan in the middle)
Gram Neg only
Accumulates components exiting gram neg cells, including hydrolytic enzymes (β-lactamases)
Quiz____?
Outer membrane (gram negatives) -
Answer✓✓
Gram Neg Only
Function:
3
, 1. Endotoxin: Lipid A induces TNF and IL-1; O polysaccharide is antigenic
2. Most OMPs are antigenic
Porins: transport across outer membrane
Composition:
1. Outer Leaflet: endotoxin lipopolysaccharide [LPS/LOS]
2. Embedded proteins: porins and other outer membrane proteins (OMPs)
3. Inner Leaflet: phospholipids
Quiz____?
Cell wall and Gram Stain -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Peptidoglycan is a sugar backbone with peptide chains cross-linked by
transpeptidase
Function: Net-like structure give rigid support, protects against osmotic pressure damage.
Gram Stain:
Thick peptidoglycan layer retains crystal violet = gram +
Thin peptidoglycan layer turns red or pink with counterstain = gram -
4
Quiz____?
Cell Wall Overall Picture - Compare *Gram (+) to Gram (-)* -
Answer✓✓
Quiz____?
*Flagellum* on bacteria is composed of what? What is the function? -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Proteins
Function: motility
Quiz____?
*Pilus/Fimbria* on bacteria is composed of what? What is the function? -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Glycoprotein
1
, Function: Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface, sex plus during conjugation.
Quiz____?
*Spore* formation is ONLY possible is what type of bacteria? Why is the formation of spores
important/beneficial?
What is the composition of a spore? -
Answer✓✓
Gram Positive Only
Function: Resistant to dehydration, heat, and chemicals.
Composition: Keratin-like coat; dipicolinic acid; peptidoglycan.
Quiz____?
*Capsule* will be composed of what on bacteria? What is the benefit of a capsule? -
Answer✓✓
Function: Protects against phagocytosis
Composition: Organized, discrete polysaccharide layer (except Bacillus anthracis, which
contains d-glutamate)
2
, Quiz____?
Glycocalyx -
Answer✓✓
Function: Mediates adherance to surfaces, especially foreign surfaces (e.g., indwelling catheters)
Composition:Loose network of polysaccharides
Quiz____?
Periplasm -
Answer✓✓
Space between the cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria
(peptidoglycan in the middle)
Gram Neg only
Accumulates components exiting gram neg cells, including hydrolytic enzymes (β-lactamases)
Quiz____?
Outer membrane (gram negatives) -
Answer✓✓
Gram Neg Only
Function:
3
, 1. Endotoxin: Lipid A induces TNF and IL-1; O polysaccharide is antigenic
2. Most OMPs are antigenic
Porins: transport across outer membrane
Composition:
1. Outer Leaflet: endotoxin lipopolysaccharide [LPS/LOS]
2. Embedded proteins: porins and other outer membrane proteins (OMPs)
3. Inner Leaflet: phospholipids
Quiz____?
Cell wall and Gram Stain -
Answer✓✓
Composition: Peptidoglycan is a sugar backbone with peptide chains cross-linked by
transpeptidase
Function: Net-like structure give rigid support, protects against osmotic pressure damage.
Gram Stain:
Thick peptidoglycan layer retains crystal violet = gram +
Thin peptidoglycan layer turns red or pink with counterstain = gram -
4
