Detailed Notes on Heat (Class 7 Science)


1. What is Heat?
 Heat is a form of energy that is transferred
from a hot object to a cooler object. It is the
energy that causes a rise in the temperature of
a substance.
 Temperature, on the other hand, is the
degree of hotness or coldness of a substance
and is measured using a thermometer.
Real-Life Example:
 Example 1: When you place your hand near a
stove, the heat from the stove travels to your
hand, warming it up.
Example 2: The Sun’s heat warms the Earth
Conclusion:

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2. Temperature and Its Measurement
 Temperature is a measure of the average
kinetic energy of particles in a substance. The

, higher the temperature, the faster the particles
move.
 Units of Temperature: The most common
unit is Celsius (°C).
Types of Thermometers:
1.Mercury Thermometer: Contains mercury
that expands and contracts with temperature.
o Example: Clinical thermometers used to

measure body temperature.
2.Digital Thermometer: Displays temperature
digitally, quick, and easy to use.
3.Laboratory Thermometer: Used for higher
temperatures, typically in laboratories.
Real-Life Example:
 Clinical Thermometer: Used to measure the
temperature of the body when you have a
fever.
 Laboratory Thermometer: Used in
experiments to measure the temperature of
liquids in beakers.


3. Heat Transfer Methods
There are three main methods by which heat is
transferred from one object to another:
A. Conduction