MCQ 1. Which of the following trace elements is associated with Vitamin E and its functions? A. Selenium B. Molybdenum C. Copper D. Manganese 2. This buffer system has low buffering capacity but is primarily important in the regulation of blood pH

MCQ 9. This is the normal ratio of the dissolved carbon dioxide to
1. Which of the following trace elements is associated with bicarbonate.
Vitamin E and its functions? A. 1:10
A. Selenium B. 10:1
B. Molybdenum C. 1:20
C. Copper D. 20:1
D. Manganese
10. The methylthymol blue is commonly used in the colorimetric
2. This buffer system has low buffering capacity but is primarily measurement of which of the following electrolytes?
important in the regulation of blood pH? A. Calcium
A. Hemoglobin B. Sodium
B. Protein buffer system C. Magnesium
C.Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system D. Phosphorus
D. Phosphate buffer system
11. The Fiske-Subbarow method involves the reaction of
3. Which of the following buffer systems is an important regulator phosphate with:
of cytosolic pH? A. Ammonium molybdate
A. Hemoglobin B. Molybdenum blue
B. Protein buffer system C. Ammonium phosphomolybdate
C.Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system D. Silver and chloride
D. Phosphate buffer system
12. Which of the following diseases may cause hypercalcemia?
4. All of the following statements about potassium are true, A. Hypoparathyroidism
EXCEPT: B. Hyperthyroidism
A. Specimens for determining K+ concentrations in serum C. Chronic renal failure
must be collected by methods that minimize hemolysis D. Acute pancreatitis
B. Platelet rupture can cause a decrease in potassium
levels. 13. This is a measure of the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen.
C. Potassium concentrations in whole blood is lower than A. P50
those in serum. B. PHgb
D. Potassium concentrations in plasma is lower than those C. PO2
in serum. D. PCO2

5. Which condition results in metabolic acidosis with severe 14. Deficiency of which of the following trace metal is associated
hypokalemia and chronic alkaline urine? with growth retardation, dermatitis, reduced taste sensation and
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis impaired wound healing?
B. Renal tubular acidosis (nasa quizlet) A. Copper
C. Diet-induced acidosis B. Zinc
D. Acidosis caused by starvation C. Iron
D. Selenium
6. Most of the carbon dioxide present in blood is in the form of:
A. Dissolved CO2 15. Arterial blood sample for gas and pH analysis should not be
B. Carbonate exposed to air since:
C. Bicarbonate A. pO2 will be falsely low
D. Carbonic Acid B. pH will be falsely low
C. pCO2 will be falsely low ***
7. Which electrolyte measurement is least affected by D. pH, pO2 and pCO2 will be falsely elevated
hemolysis?
A. Sodium 16. Metabolic acidosis is described as:
B. Calcium A. Increase inCO2 content and PCO2 with a ↓ pH
C. Phosphorus B. Decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with an ↑ Ph
D. Magnesium C. Increase in CO2 content and PCO2 with an increased pH
D. Decrease in CO2 and PCO2 with a decrease pH
8. Which electrolyte is least likely to be elevated in renal failure?
A. Sodium 17. A patient highly intoxicated with alcohol is likely to be in what
B. Phosphorus metabolic state?
C. Magnesium A. Respiratory acidosis
D. Potassium B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis

, LEC CC2

18. The following arterial blood gas result may suggest C. Osmoregulatory mechanisms of electrolytes are the only
pH: 7.32 PCO2: 79mmHg known means to maintain electrical neutrality in the body.
A. Respiratory acidosis D. Hormonal imbalances could affect solute balance
B. Respiratory alkalosis between extracellular/intracellular compartments.
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis 26. Which of the following trace elements is most likely
associated with impaired glucose intolerance?
19. Which of the following may cause hypophosphatemia? A. Selenium
A. Increased loss due to vomiting and diarrhea B. Molybdenum
B. Vitamin D excess C. Chromium
C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Cobalt
D. Hypoinsulinemia
27. . Which of the following trace elements is most likely
20. Which of the following is associated with rapid increase in associated to a condition resembling Parkinson disease?
serum phosphate with symptoms including tetany, seizures and A. Manganese
hypotension? B. Copper
A. Hypothyroidism C. Molybdenum
B. Hypocalcemia D. Selenium
C. Rhabdomyolysis
D. Untreated diabetic ketoacidosis 28. The measured pressure of dissolved carbon dioxide in the
blood is most closely associated with the concentration of what
21. This is the main site for magnesium reabsorption in the substance?
kidneys? A. pH
A. Collecting ducts B. HCO3
B. Distal convoluted tubules C. Carbonic acid
C. Proximal convoluted tubules D. pO2
D. Loop of Henle
29. Which of the following relationships regarding Ca, Mg and P
22. Which of the following causes an increase in serum levels is correct?
magnesium concentration? A. When calcium level is decreased, Mg and P levels are
A. Hyperthyroidism also decreased**
B. Chronic alcoholism B. When Ca level is decreased, Mg and P levels are
C. Hyperglycemia increased
D. Hypothyroidism C. Ig Ca level is increased, Mg level is increased and P is
decreased
23. Which of the following is TRUE regarding plasma sodium? D. If Mg is decreased, calcium and phosphorous is increased
A. It is retained through the kidneys as a result of aldosterone
activity. 30. Given the following information, calculate the blood pH.
B. Plasma sodium level is increased with diuretic A. 7.43
intoxication. B. 7.44
C. Excess plasma sodium typically results in neuromuscular C. 7.45
anomalies. D. 7.46
D. This is increased in response to hyperosmotic conditions
to maintain ECF/ICF homeostasis 31. Which of the following is an essential composition of nucleic
acid?
24. Which of the following correctly shows the equation for the A. Sodium
estimation of serum anion gap? B. Potassium
A. Na - (Cl - HCO3) C. Bicarbonate
B. (Na - K) - (Cl + HCO3) D. Phosphorous
C. Na - (Cl + HCO3)
D. (Na + Cl) - HCO3 32. Menke’s disease is associated with a diminished
concentration of copper in the:
25. The following statements are TRUE regarding A. Brain
osmoregulation, EXCEPT: B. Hair
A. Effective osmols or osmotically active solutes could cause C. Retina
an imbalance between fluid compartments when they D. Oral cavity
accumulate in either fluid
B. To achieve equal osmolality in between compartments, 33. Wilson’s disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that
water will move from a compartment with lower osmolality to usually result from:
one with a higher concentration. A. Genetic defects in copper absorption**