Exam 2 Developmental Psychology questions
and answers
Jean Piaget - answer-"knowledge is a product of the amount of experience an infant
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
has"
v
He was a constructionist
v v v
he was Swiss and a genius
v v v v v
Schema - answer-Organized pattern of functioning
v v v v v v
Example:if you hear the word bird you can picture one...you already have a schema for
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
birds
v
organization - answer-cognitive thinking is organized into schemas
v v v v v v v
adaptation - answer-as you have new experiences you adapt your ways of thinking and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
organize schemas
v v
assimilation - answer-new experience is incorporated into the current way of thinking
v v v v v v v v v v v v
Example: you already have a schema and as new information comes in you fit it in with
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
your already existing schema
v v v v
Accomodation - answer-change and create a new schema for the new info I have
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
learned
v
new experience changes the current way of thinking into something different
v v v v v v v v v v
Sensorimotor stage of piaget's theory of development - answer-babies are all about
v v v v v v v v v v v
senses and controlling movement
v v v v
Sensorimotor stage--- object permanence - answer-things continue to exist even if you
v v v v v v v v v v v
vcant see them
v v
-babies have problems with this
v v v v
example: peek-a-boo v
Sensorimotor stage--- A-not-B Error - answer-hide an object in 2 places...do the same
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vplace over and over and then switch the spot while the baby is watching
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
--interestingly they still go back to original spot even after watching you put it in a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vdifferent spot v
Egocentrism - answer-happens between ages 2-7 v v v v v
, child sees the world only from their perspective and that they do not think others have
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vdifferent perspectives. v
--they believe "if i see it everyone sees it"
v v v v v v v v
Example: 3 mountain perspective v v v
-Ross Thompson believes children are not as egocentric as once believed. he believes
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vthat children have an awareness of others goals, feelings, and desires
v v v v v v v v v v
Early childhood - answer-children grow 2.5" and gain 5-7 lbs a year
v v v v v v v v v v v
there is a change in their brains that enables them to plan their actions, attend to stimuli,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vand make considerable strides in language
v v v v v
3-6 years - answer-most rapid growth occurs in the prefrontal cortex which plays a key
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
role in planning and organizing new actions and maintaining attention
v v v v v v v v v v
myelination - answer-process by which the axons are covered and insulated with a layer
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of fat cells which increases speed at which info travels through the nervous system
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
gross motor development - answer-running, jumping, and exploring starts @ age 3 and
v v v v v v v v v v v v
continues to get more adventurous through age 5
v v v v v v v v
fine motor development - answer-by 3 years they can grasp small objects yet are clumsy
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
4-5 able to build towers and by 5 can control motions totally
v v v v v v v v v v v
exercise for preschool children - answer-should engage in 2 hours of physical activity
v v v v v v v v v v v v
per day
v v
Piaget's Preoperational Stage - answer-2nd stage age 2-7 children begin to represent
v v v v v v v v v v v
vthe world with words, images, and drawings and symbolic thought goes beyond simple
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vconnections and physical actions v v v
-stable concepts are formed, mental reasoning emerges, egocentrism is present, and
v v v v v v v v v v
vmagical beliefs are constructed v v v
operations - answer-internalized, reversible sets of actions that allow children to do
v v v v v v v v v v v
mentally what they formally did physically
v v v v v v
Symbolic Function Substage---Preoperational stage - answer-child gains the ability to
v v v v v v v v v
vmentally represent an object that is not present
v v v v v v v
-(2-4 years of age)
v v v
animism----preoperational stage - answer-belief that inanimate objects have life-like v v v v v v v v
qualities and are capable of action
v v v v v v
2nd preoperationsal substage--intuitive thought substage - answer-children begin to use
v v v v v v v v v
vprimitive reasoning and want to know the answer to all sorts of questions
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(4-7 years of age)
v v v
example: kids constantly asking "why" v v v v
and answers
Jean Piaget - answer-"knowledge is a product of the amount of experience an infant
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
has"
v
He was a constructionist
v v v
he was Swiss and a genius
v v v v v
Schema - answer-Organized pattern of functioning
v v v v v v
Example:if you hear the word bird you can picture one...you already have a schema for
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
birds
v
organization - answer-cognitive thinking is organized into schemas
v v v v v v v
adaptation - answer-as you have new experiences you adapt your ways of thinking and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
organize schemas
v v
assimilation - answer-new experience is incorporated into the current way of thinking
v v v v v v v v v v v v
Example: you already have a schema and as new information comes in you fit it in with
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
your already existing schema
v v v v
Accomodation - answer-change and create a new schema for the new info I have
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
learned
v
new experience changes the current way of thinking into something different
v v v v v v v v v v
Sensorimotor stage of piaget's theory of development - answer-babies are all about
v v v v v v v v v v v
senses and controlling movement
v v v v
Sensorimotor stage--- object permanence - answer-things continue to exist even if you
v v v v v v v v v v v
vcant see them
v v
-babies have problems with this
v v v v
example: peek-a-boo v
Sensorimotor stage--- A-not-B Error - answer-hide an object in 2 places...do the same
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vplace over and over and then switch the spot while the baby is watching
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
--interestingly they still go back to original spot even after watching you put it in a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vdifferent spot v
Egocentrism - answer-happens between ages 2-7 v v v v v
, child sees the world only from their perspective and that they do not think others have
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vdifferent perspectives. v
--they believe "if i see it everyone sees it"
v v v v v v v v
Example: 3 mountain perspective v v v
-Ross Thompson believes children are not as egocentric as once believed. he believes
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vthat children have an awareness of others goals, feelings, and desires
v v v v v v v v v v
Early childhood - answer-children grow 2.5" and gain 5-7 lbs a year
v v v v v v v v v v v
there is a change in their brains that enables them to plan their actions, attend to stimuli,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vand make considerable strides in language
v v v v v
3-6 years - answer-most rapid growth occurs in the prefrontal cortex which plays a key
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
role in planning and organizing new actions and maintaining attention
v v v v v v v v v v
myelination - answer-process by which the axons are covered and insulated with a layer
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of fat cells which increases speed at which info travels through the nervous system
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
gross motor development - answer-running, jumping, and exploring starts @ age 3 and
v v v v v v v v v v v v
continues to get more adventurous through age 5
v v v v v v v v
fine motor development - answer-by 3 years they can grasp small objects yet are clumsy
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
4-5 able to build towers and by 5 can control motions totally
v v v v v v v v v v v
exercise for preschool children - answer-should engage in 2 hours of physical activity
v v v v v v v v v v v v
per day
v v
Piaget's Preoperational Stage - answer-2nd stage age 2-7 children begin to represent
v v v v v v v v v v v
vthe world with words, images, and drawings and symbolic thought goes beyond simple
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vconnections and physical actions v v v
-stable concepts are formed, mental reasoning emerges, egocentrism is present, and
v v v v v v v v v v
vmagical beliefs are constructed v v v
operations - answer-internalized, reversible sets of actions that allow children to do
v v v v v v v v v v v
mentally what they formally did physically
v v v v v v
Symbolic Function Substage---Preoperational stage - answer-child gains the ability to
v v v v v v v v v
vmentally represent an object that is not present
v v v v v v v
-(2-4 years of age)
v v v
animism----preoperational stage - answer-belief that inanimate objects have life-like v v v v v v v v
qualities and are capable of action
v v v v v v
2nd preoperationsal substage--intuitive thought substage - answer-children begin to use
v v v v v v v v v
vprimitive reasoning and want to know the answer to all sorts of questions
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(4-7 years of age)
v v v
example: kids constantly asking "why" v v v v
