Ganger Developmental Psych Exam 2
questions and answers
Which topics are included in information-processing theories? - answer-Rules and
v v v v v v v v v
strategies
v
Which statement is true according to information-processing theories? - answer-change
v v v v v v v v v
occurs constantly, not in stages
v v v v v
Which of these integrates information from working memory and long-term memory to
v v v v v v v v v v v
solve problems? - answer-executive functioning
v v v v v
When people miss certain details of situations because other information draws their
v v v v v v v v v v v
attention, they have failed to _____ the missing details. - answer-encode
v v v v v v v v v v v
Compared to other theoretical frameworks of development, Core Knowledge Theories
v v v v v v v v v
place greater emphasis on: - answer-innate knowledge
v v v v v v v
Sociocultural theories suggest that in order to help their students learn, teachers should:
v v v v v v v v v v v v
- answer-make learning a cooperative activity
v v v v v v
Private speech was conceived of by Vygostsky as a(n): - answer-step toward
v v v v v v v v v v v
internalizing parents' statements
v v v
Guided participation refers to the process by which more knowledgeable people: -
v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-arrange situations in ways that allow less knowledgeable people to succeed at a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
level beyond their current abilities
v v v v v
Thelen and Smith's study of reaching demonstrated that: - answer-during development,
v v v v v v v v v v
reaching is constantly changing and sometimes regresses
v v v v v v v
The dynamic systems approach goes beyond previous theories of cognitive
v v v v v v v v v
development by... - answer-placing more importance on the connection between action
v v v v v v v v v v v
and thought
v v
Which statement does NOT describe a characteristic of Piaget's stages? - answer-The
v v v v v v v v v v v
transitions from one stage to another are described as long and gradual.
v v v v v v v v v v v v
The view of the child that best represents Piaget's theory of development is that of the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
child as a __________. - answer-scientist
v v v v v v
, Amy and her father are playing with a squeaky toy. Amy's father is squeezing the toy in
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
front of Amy. Amy is very excited and reaches for the toy. Amy's father, however, quickly
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
hides the toy behind his back. At this point, Amy turns away from her father and begins
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
to look at the ladybug design on her dress. Amy is probably approximately what age? -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-6-8 months
v v
Jared puts a bowl on his head and tells his father he has on a firefighter's helmet.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
This is an example of? - answer-symbolic representation
v v v v v v v
Jane, an 18-month-old, is pretending to put on makeup using a small block as her
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
lipstick. Jane is engaging in: - answer-object substitution
v v v v v v v v
Robert's babysitter pours a cup of milk for him and then realizes that the cup has a small
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
crack in the rim. Not wanting Robert to cut his lip, she pours the milk into another cup.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The second cup happens to be shorter and wider than the first cup. Robert is not upset
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
because he knows that the amount of milk has remained the same. We would guess
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
that the youngest age Robert could be is _____ years old. - answer-7
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The most common thing for young children to draw is: - answer-people
v v v v v v v v v v v
The fact that 2-year-olds could pass DeLoache's model room/hidden object task when
v v v v v v v v v v v
the experimenters pretended to use a shrinking machine led the researchers to
v v v v v v v v v v v v
conclude that the 2-year-olds have a problem with... - answer-dual representation, not
v v v v v v v v v v v v
with using symbols in general.
v v v v v
Austin is presented with the pendulum problem described in the text. He begins his
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
experiments with the belief that the heaviness of the weight is the most important factor,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
tests his belief with unsystematic experiments, and concludes that his belief is accurate
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
even though no clear conclusion could be drawn. Austin is most likely in Piaget's _____
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stage. - answer-concrete operational
v v v v
What was demonstrated by Levin and her colleagues in their study in which children
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
walked in a circular motion while holding onto a 7-foot metal bar on a pivot? - answer-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Children can learn concepts beyond what is considered age-appropriate by actively
v v v v v v v v v v
experiencing the concepts.
v v v
The Eimas and colleagues study that examined infants' comprehension of speech
v v v v v v v v v v
sounds varying between /b/ and /p/ used which technique? - answer-habituation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Infants can distinguish between approximately _____ of the phonemic contrasts that
v v v v v v v v v v
vhave been tested. - answer-all
v v v v
Saffran, Aslin, & Newport's (1996) study on distributional learning used words with: -
v v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-no stress on any syllable and no pauses between words
v v v v v v v v v v
questions and answers
Which topics are included in information-processing theories? - answer-Rules and
v v v v v v v v v
strategies
v
Which statement is true according to information-processing theories? - answer-change
v v v v v v v v v
occurs constantly, not in stages
v v v v v
Which of these integrates information from working memory and long-term memory to
v v v v v v v v v v v
solve problems? - answer-executive functioning
v v v v v
When people miss certain details of situations because other information draws their
v v v v v v v v v v v
attention, they have failed to _____ the missing details. - answer-encode
v v v v v v v v v v v
Compared to other theoretical frameworks of development, Core Knowledge Theories
v v v v v v v v v
place greater emphasis on: - answer-innate knowledge
v v v v v v v
Sociocultural theories suggest that in order to help their students learn, teachers should:
v v v v v v v v v v v v
- answer-make learning a cooperative activity
v v v v v v
Private speech was conceived of by Vygostsky as a(n): - answer-step toward
v v v v v v v v v v v
internalizing parents' statements
v v v
Guided participation refers to the process by which more knowledgeable people: -
v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-arrange situations in ways that allow less knowledgeable people to succeed at a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
level beyond their current abilities
v v v v v
Thelen and Smith's study of reaching demonstrated that: - answer-during development,
v v v v v v v v v v
reaching is constantly changing and sometimes regresses
v v v v v v v
The dynamic systems approach goes beyond previous theories of cognitive
v v v v v v v v v
development by... - answer-placing more importance on the connection between action
v v v v v v v v v v v
and thought
v v
Which statement does NOT describe a characteristic of Piaget's stages? - answer-The
v v v v v v v v v v v
transitions from one stage to another are described as long and gradual.
v v v v v v v v v v v v
The view of the child that best represents Piaget's theory of development is that of the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
child as a __________. - answer-scientist
v v v v v v
, Amy and her father are playing with a squeaky toy. Amy's father is squeezing the toy in
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
front of Amy. Amy is very excited and reaches for the toy. Amy's father, however, quickly
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
hides the toy behind his back. At this point, Amy turns away from her father and begins
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
to look at the ladybug design on her dress. Amy is probably approximately what age? -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-6-8 months
v v
Jared puts a bowl on his head and tells his father he has on a firefighter's helmet.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
This is an example of? - answer-symbolic representation
v v v v v v v
Jane, an 18-month-old, is pretending to put on makeup using a small block as her
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
lipstick. Jane is engaging in: - answer-object substitution
v v v v v v v v
Robert's babysitter pours a cup of milk for him and then realizes that the cup has a small
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
crack in the rim. Not wanting Robert to cut his lip, she pours the milk into another cup.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The second cup happens to be shorter and wider than the first cup. Robert is not upset
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
because he knows that the amount of milk has remained the same. We would guess
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
that the youngest age Robert could be is _____ years old. - answer-7
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The most common thing for young children to draw is: - answer-people
v v v v v v v v v v v
The fact that 2-year-olds could pass DeLoache's model room/hidden object task when
v v v v v v v v v v v
the experimenters pretended to use a shrinking machine led the researchers to
v v v v v v v v v v v v
conclude that the 2-year-olds have a problem with... - answer-dual representation, not
v v v v v v v v v v v v
with using symbols in general.
v v v v v
Austin is presented with the pendulum problem described in the text. He begins his
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
experiments with the belief that the heaviness of the weight is the most important factor,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
tests his belief with unsystematic experiments, and concludes that his belief is accurate
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
even though no clear conclusion could be drawn. Austin is most likely in Piaget's _____
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stage. - answer-concrete operational
v v v v
What was demonstrated by Levin and her colleagues in their study in which children
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
walked in a circular motion while holding onto a 7-foot metal bar on a pivot? - answer-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Children can learn concepts beyond what is considered age-appropriate by actively
v v v v v v v v v v
experiencing the concepts.
v v v
The Eimas and colleagues study that examined infants' comprehension of speech
v v v v v v v v v v
sounds varying between /b/ and /p/ used which technique? - answer-habituation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Infants can distinguish between approximately _____ of the phonemic contrasts that
v v v v v v v v v v
vhave been tested. - answer-all
v v v v
Saffran, Aslin, & Newport's (1996) study on distributional learning used words with: -
v v v v v v v v v v v v
answer-no stress on any syllable and no pauses between words
v v v v v v v v v v
