FHEA exam
Patho FHEA Midterm Study Guide 2025
Graded A+
Sodium (Na+), Calcium (Ca++), Chloride (CL-), and sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-) are all
examples of charged particles that share which of the following common feature? -
Correct Answer ✔More abundant in extracellular fluid (ECF)
The single largest component of the animal cell membrane is: -Correct Answer ✔Protein
Which of the following is a true statement about the funchtion of the cell membrane? -
Correct Answer ✔It maintains ICF (intracellular fluid) separate from ECF (extracellular
fluid)
Both Lysosomes and peroxisomes digest organic molecules. A primary difference
between the two is that: -Correct Answer ✔Peroxisomes use molecular oxygen
Maintaining cell volume and membrane potential are important functions of the: -Correct
Answer ✔Cell Membrane
protein synthesis is a process in which organelles work together to synthesize a mature
protein. Which statement best describes the process by which mature functional
proteins are produced? -Correct Answer ✔The rough endoplasmic reticulum
manufactures proteins and the Golgi apparatus modifies them with enzymes.
The cell membrane functions to: -Correct Answer ✔Act as an electrical unit.
The cytoskeleton is composed of actin, filaments, microtubules and intermediate
filaments. Which of the following is a true statement about the cytoskeleton? -Correct
Answer ✔Maintains organization of Organelles
The osmolality of ECF is: -Correct Answer ✔The same as ICF
A variety of physiologic mechanisms are employed to transport fluid and solutes across
the cell membrane, which one of them is described by the equation J= [D(A) (Cin-
Cout)]/x? -Correct Answer ✔Difussion
Fick's first law of diffusion states that flux is decreased when --- is increased -Correct
Answer ✔Thickness of the membrane
Membrane potential is created by the separation of charges by the cell membrane. The
Cell membrane gets its change as a function of the ion: -Correct Answer ✔That is drawn
to the inner aspect of the membrane
FHEA exam
, FHEA exam
The absolute refractory period is the time during which: -Correct Answer ✔No stimulus
can cause a second action potential.
The pressure gradient created when there are different concentrations of a solute on
either side of a membrane and the solute can not cross the membrane is a function of: -
Correct Answer ✔Osmosis.
Diffusion that utilizes a carrier-mediated process to allow the transport of particles that
are too large to move by simple diffusion is called: -Correct Answer ✔Facilitated
diffusion
when energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP molecules is used to transport ions
against the concentration gradient, this is called: -Correct Answer ✔Active transport
The upstroke of the action potential of various cell types is initiated through the: -Correct
Answer ✔Opening of sodium channels
Stages of the action potential include all of the following except: -Correct Answer
✔Reverse stroke
The wave shape of the action potential can vary for different cell types. The wave shape
is primarily determined by the: -Correct Answer ✔Number and type of ion channels
utilized.
Cellular injury due to hypoxia can be fully reversed until: -Correct Answer ✔Plasma
membrane is damaged
Hypothermic injury can result in ischemia due to: -Correct Answer ✔Increased blood
viscosity
Ischemia, heart disease, lung disease, and red blood cell (RBC) disorders are all
examples of conditions that may result in: -Correct Answer ✔Hypoxic injury
Manifestations of electromagnetic radiation include all of the following except: -Correct
Answer ✔Gas emboli.
The mechanism of cellular injury that occurs as a function of superoxide and hydrogen
peroxide generation is: -Correct Answer ✔Free radical damage
When a cell becomes hypoxic, a series of events occurs that will ultimately result in cell
death if not interrupted. The process begins with: -Correct Answer ✔Decreased ATP
production:
FHEA exam
Patho FHEA Midterm Study Guide 2025
Graded A+
Sodium (Na+), Calcium (Ca++), Chloride (CL-), and sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-) are all
examples of charged particles that share which of the following common feature? -
Correct Answer ✔More abundant in extracellular fluid (ECF)
The single largest component of the animal cell membrane is: -Correct Answer ✔Protein
Which of the following is a true statement about the funchtion of the cell membrane? -
Correct Answer ✔It maintains ICF (intracellular fluid) separate from ECF (extracellular
fluid)
Both Lysosomes and peroxisomes digest organic molecules. A primary difference
between the two is that: -Correct Answer ✔Peroxisomes use molecular oxygen
Maintaining cell volume and membrane potential are important functions of the: -Correct
Answer ✔Cell Membrane
protein synthesis is a process in which organelles work together to synthesize a mature
protein. Which statement best describes the process by which mature functional
proteins are produced? -Correct Answer ✔The rough endoplasmic reticulum
manufactures proteins and the Golgi apparatus modifies them with enzymes.
The cell membrane functions to: -Correct Answer ✔Act as an electrical unit.
The cytoskeleton is composed of actin, filaments, microtubules and intermediate
filaments. Which of the following is a true statement about the cytoskeleton? -Correct
Answer ✔Maintains organization of Organelles
The osmolality of ECF is: -Correct Answer ✔The same as ICF
A variety of physiologic mechanisms are employed to transport fluid and solutes across
the cell membrane, which one of them is described by the equation J= [D(A) (Cin-
Cout)]/x? -Correct Answer ✔Difussion
Fick's first law of diffusion states that flux is decreased when --- is increased -Correct
Answer ✔Thickness of the membrane
Membrane potential is created by the separation of charges by the cell membrane. The
Cell membrane gets its change as a function of the ion: -Correct Answer ✔That is drawn
to the inner aspect of the membrane
FHEA exam
, FHEA exam
The absolute refractory period is the time during which: -Correct Answer ✔No stimulus
can cause a second action potential.
The pressure gradient created when there are different concentrations of a solute on
either side of a membrane and the solute can not cross the membrane is a function of: -
Correct Answer ✔Osmosis.
Diffusion that utilizes a carrier-mediated process to allow the transport of particles that
are too large to move by simple diffusion is called: -Correct Answer ✔Facilitated
diffusion
when energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP molecules is used to transport ions
against the concentration gradient, this is called: -Correct Answer ✔Active transport
The upstroke of the action potential of various cell types is initiated through the: -Correct
Answer ✔Opening of sodium channels
Stages of the action potential include all of the following except: -Correct Answer
✔Reverse stroke
The wave shape of the action potential can vary for different cell types. The wave shape
is primarily determined by the: -Correct Answer ✔Number and type of ion channels
utilized.
Cellular injury due to hypoxia can be fully reversed until: -Correct Answer ✔Plasma
membrane is damaged
Hypothermic injury can result in ischemia due to: -Correct Answer ✔Increased blood
viscosity
Ischemia, heart disease, lung disease, and red blood cell (RBC) disorders are all
examples of conditions that may result in: -Correct Answer ✔Hypoxic injury
Manifestations of electromagnetic radiation include all of the following except: -Correct
Answer ✔Gas emboli.
The mechanism of cellular injury that occurs as a function of superoxide and hydrogen
peroxide generation is: -Correct Answer ✔Free radical damage
When a cell becomes hypoxic, a series of events occurs that will ultimately result in cell
death if not interrupted. The process begins with: -Correct Answer ✔Decreased ATP
production:
FHEA exam
