Legal Medicine & Medical Jurisprudence Flashcards 2025 –
Complete Nursing Law Review | Key Legal Concepts, Ethics, &
Patient Rights | Must-Know for
Board Exams & NCLEX Nursing Jurisprudence
Laws
are defined as sets of rules and regulations that maintains peace and order.
Laws
Its purpose is to promote organization peace and prevent violating the rights of other people
Divine law
Human law
what are the 2 origins of laws?
Divine Law
Law of God; can be found in the bible and scriptures
Divine Law
A law is any body of law that is perceived as deriving from a transcendent source, such as the will of God or
gods
Human Law
Law of Man; the law that we apply in the real world
Constitution law
Criminal law
Civil law
Administrative law
what are the 4 fundamental human laws?
Co - Cri - Ci - Ad
Constitution
The fundamental rule/law of the land
Constitution
It is where all laws are based and anchored, foundation of all laws
1987 Philippine Constitution
,what is the fundamental law of the land in the Philippines?
1987 Philippine Constitution
It establishes the structure, policies, roles and duties of the Philippine government. It contains the Bill of
Rights (Article III) and sets out the State's obligations to promote and uphold social justice and human
rights (Article XIII).
Article III
Article XIII
1987 Philippine Constitution
• It is the fundamental law of the land in the Philippines. It establishes the structure, policies, roles and
duties of the Philippine government. It contains the Bill of Rights (_________) and sets out the State's
obligations to promote and uphold social justice and human rights (________).
Criminal law
The law that protects us from crimes
Criminal law
Focuses on acts that are considered crimes against society, potentially leading to jail time or fines if found
guilty.
crime
It is violation of the rights of other people
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
what are the 2 types of crimes?
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
A crime that is naturally evil or wrong
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
What type of crime is this?
• Examples: abortion, rape, robbery, shoplifting, murder, homicide, parricide
Res Ipsa Loquitor
The thing speaks for itself → the action itself is wrongful
• Example: A surgeon leaves a foreign object, such as a sponge or surgical instrument, inside a patient
after surgery. This situation is considered negligent because it is within the ordinary knowledge of
laypeople that such objects should not be left inside a patient's body.
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
,Actions that are illegal because they are prohibited by law
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
What type of crime is this?
• Examples: parking violations, drug-related offenses, copyright infringement, smoking marijuana
in the PH
Civil law
Regulates our personal property, ownership, rights, dignity, and property
Civil law
Deals with disputes between individuals or entities usually resulting in monetary compensation for damages.
Torts and Damages
What does Civil law regulates?
Torts
injury to the patient or client caused by negligence (might be physical injury or property, wala na raise ang side
rails then nahulog ang px)
Damages
refers to payment or monetary compensation of a tort
Administrative law
Rules and regulations that regulate government institutions and administrative decisions (executive branch,
Supreme Court, etc.)
Administrative law
Pertains to regulations set by government agencies governing professional practice, including potential
disciplinary actions against a license
RA 9173: Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
what law regulates the practice of Nursing?
RA 9173: Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
Provides the protection and improvement of nursing profession by instituting measures that shall result in
relevant nursing education, humane working conditions, better career prospects and dignified existence for
nurses.
RA 7160: Local Government Code of 1991
A law that established the powers and structure of local government units (LGUs) in the Philippines. Gave
LGUs more local autonomy so they could develop into self-reliant communities.
Liability
, It is a penalty, punishment, remedy, or things need to comply if you violate a certain law
Criminal liability
Civil liability
Administrative liability
what are the 3 types of liabilities?
Criminal liability
when a person can be held legally responsible for breaking the law
Criminal liability
liability the moment when one performs Mala In Se and Mala Prohibita and has done the 3 Elements of a
Crime
Intent
Knowledge
Freedom (free will)
what are the 3 elements of crime?
Intent
acted in a state which you intended to do criminal activity
Knowledge
understanding of the crime
Freedom (free will)
• kusang-loob ginawa ang krimen;
• voluntarily doing the crime—acted on your decision
Imprisonment
what is the penalty of criminal liability?
Grave felony
Less grave felony
Light felony
what are the 3 types of Imprisonment?
Grave felony
Crimes with severe penalties, such as reclusion perpetua (life imprisonment) or fines exceeding PHP 1.2
million.
• Examples: Murder, rape, treason.
Complete Nursing Law Review | Key Legal Concepts, Ethics, &
Patient Rights | Must-Know for
Board Exams & NCLEX Nursing Jurisprudence
Laws
are defined as sets of rules and regulations that maintains peace and order.
Laws
Its purpose is to promote organization peace and prevent violating the rights of other people
Divine law
Human law
what are the 2 origins of laws?
Divine Law
Law of God; can be found in the bible and scriptures
Divine Law
A law is any body of law that is perceived as deriving from a transcendent source, such as the will of God or
gods
Human Law
Law of Man; the law that we apply in the real world
Constitution law
Criminal law
Civil law
Administrative law
what are the 4 fundamental human laws?
Co - Cri - Ci - Ad
Constitution
The fundamental rule/law of the land
Constitution
It is where all laws are based and anchored, foundation of all laws
1987 Philippine Constitution
,what is the fundamental law of the land in the Philippines?
1987 Philippine Constitution
It establishes the structure, policies, roles and duties of the Philippine government. It contains the Bill of
Rights (Article III) and sets out the State's obligations to promote and uphold social justice and human
rights (Article XIII).
Article III
Article XIII
1987 Philippine Constitution
• It is the fundamental law of the land in the Philippines. It establishes the structure, policies, roles and
duties of the Philippine government. It contains the Bill of Rights (_________) and sets out the State's
obligations to promote and uphold social justice and human rights (________).
Criminal law
The law that protects us from crimes
Criminal law
Focuses on acts that are considered crimes against society, potentially leading to jail time or fines if found
guilty.
crime
It is violation of the rights of other people
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
what are the 2 types of crimes?
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
A crime that is naturally evil or wrong
Mala In Se (evil in itself)
What type of crime is this?
• Examples: abortion, rape, robbery, shoplifting, murder, homicide, parricide
Res Ipsa Loquitor
The thing speaks for itself → the action itself is wrongful
• Example: A surgeon leaves a foreign object, such as a sponge or surgical instrument, inside a patient
after surgery. This situation is considered negligent because it is within the ordinary knowledge of
laypeople that such objects should not be left inside a patient's body.
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
,Actions that are illegal because they are prohibited by law
Mala Prohibita (prohibited evil)
What type of crime is this?
• Examples: parking violations, drug-related offenses, copyright infringement, smoking marijuana
in the PH
Civil law
Regulates our personal property, ownership, rights, dignity, and property
Civil law
Deals with disputes between individuals or entities usually resulting in monetary compensation for damages.
Torts and Damages
What does Civil law regulates?
Torts
injury to the patient or client caused by negligence (might be physical injury or property, wala na raise ang side
rails then nahulog ang px)
Damages
refers to payment or monetary compensation of a tort
Administrative law
Rules and regulations that regulate government institutions and administrative decisions (executive branch,
Supreme Court, etc.)
Administrative law
Pertains to regulations set by government agencies governing professional practice, including potential
disciplinary actions against a license
RA 9173: Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
what law regulates the practice of Nursing?
RA 9173: Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
Provides the protection and improvement of nursing profession by instituting measures that shall result in
relevant nursing education, humane working conditions, better career prospects and dignified existence for
nurses.
RA 7160: Local Government Code of 1991
A law that established the powers and structure of local government units (LGUs) in the Philippines. Gave
LGUs more local autonomy so they could develop into self-reliant communities.
Liability
, It is a penalty, punishment, remedy, or things need to comply if you violate a certain law
Criminal liability
Civil liability
Administrative liability
what are the 3 types of liabilities?
Criminal liability
when a person can be held legally responsible for breaking the law
Criminal liability
liability the moment when one performs Mala In Se and Mala Prohibita and has done the 3 Elements of a
Crime
Intent
Knowledge
Freedom (free will)
what are the 3 elements of crime?
Intent
acted in a state which you intended to do criminal activity
Knowledge
understanding of the crime
Freedom (free will)
• kusang-loob ginawa ang krimen;
• voluntarily doing the crime—acted on your decision
Imprisonment
what is the penalty of criminal liability?
Grave felony
Less grave felony
Light felony
what are the 3 types of Imprisonment?
Grave felony
Crimes with severe penalties, such as reclusion perpetua (life imprisonment) or fines exceeding PHP 1.2
million.
• Examples: Murder, rape, treason.
