BIO 2104 Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2025-2026
A prokaryote that has thick peptidoglycan cell wall with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic
acid is - Answers Gram positive
When flagella are located at both poles of the microbe they are known as - Answers amphitrichous
Lysozyme is most effective against - Answers Gram positive organisms
All bacterial cells have - Answers Ribosomes
Plasmids - Answers Are often the site of pathogenic genes
Endospores can be destroyed by boiling them at 100 C - Answers False
Gram negative bacteria have techoic and lipotechoic acid. - Answers False
Gram positive organisms - Answers Are more susceptible to antibiotics than gram negative organisms
The bacterial structure that is responsible for the cells morphology and protects the cell from changes in
osmotic pressure is the - Answers Cell wall
Which of the following is not a function of a prokaryote cell membrane? - Answers protection against
phagocytosis
capsomers bind together to form - Answers capsids
Identify the proper order of phases in the life cycle of animal viruses: - Answers adsorption, penetration,
uncoating, synthesis, assembly, and release
A temporal dsDNA bacteriophage - Answers inserts its genome into the host chromosome to become a
prophage
A naked virus exits a cell by ________; an enveloped virus exits a cell by ________ - Answers lysis,
budding off
Enveloped animal viruses get their envelope from a host membrane. - Answers True
Viruses that alter host genetic material may cause oncogenic effects. - Answers True
Viral nucleic acids include which of the following - Answers A)
Double stranded DNA
B)
Single stranded DNA
, C)
Double stranded RNA
D)
Single stranded RNA
E)
All of the choices are correct - correct
New, nonenveloped virus release occurs by - Answers Lysis
Lysogeny refers to - Answers Viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome
The activation of a prophage is called - Answers Induction
Penicillins and cephalosporins - Answers Block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules
The following are mechanisms of drug resistance except - Answers horizontal transfer
Each of the following target prokaryotic ribosomes except - Answers Polymyxins
Which of the following microbials does not inhibit DNA synthesis? - Answers Penicillin
Sulfonamides - Answers Are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis
The drug used for several protozoan infections is - Answers Metronidazole
There are fewer antifungal, anti-protozoan and anti-helminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs
because fungi, protozoa and helminths - Answers Are so similar to human cells that drug selective
toxicity is difficult
Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat - Answers HIV
Antimicrobial drugs that inhibit folic acid synthesis work without targeting mammalian cells because
mammals must get folic acid from their diet. - Answers True
A superinfection occurs when antibiotic use destroys normal microbiota that was keeping pathogens in
check and the pathogens are now able to cause infection - Answers True
Which of the following is NOT an adhesion mechanism that bacteria use to attach to a host? - Answers
envelope spikes puncture cells for entry
Endogenous infections are caused by - Answers normal biota in an unusual site.
Antiphagocytic factors produced by microorganisms include all of the following EXCEPT - Answers
erythrocytes
A prokaryote that has thick peptidoglycan cell wall with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic
acid is - Answers Gram positive
When flagella are located at both poles of the microbe they are known as - Answers amphitrichous
Lysozyme is most effective against - Answers Gram positive organisms
All bacterial cells have - Answers Ribosomes
Plasmids - Answers Are often the site of pathogenic genes
Endospores can be destroyed by boiling them at 100 C - Answers False
Gram negative bacteria have techoic and lipotechoic acid. - Answers False
Gram positive organisms - Answers Are more susceptible to antibiotics than gram negative organisms
The bacterial structure that is responsible for the cells morphology and protects the cell from changes in
osmotic pressure is the - Answers Cell wall
Which of the following is not a function of a prokaryote cell membrane? - Answers protection against
phagocytosis
capsomers bind together to form - Answers capsids
Identify the proper order of phases in the life cycle of animal viruses: - Answers adsorption, penetration,
uncoating, synthesis, assembly, and release
A temporal dsDNA bacteriophage - Answers inserts its genome into the host chromosome to become a
prophage
A naked virus exits a cell by ________; an enveloped virus exits a cell by ________ - Answers lysis,
budding off
Enveloped animal viruses get their envelope from a host membrane. - Answers True
Viruses that alter host genetic material may cause oncogenic effects. - Answers True
Viral nucleic acids include which of the following - Answers A)
Double stranded DNA
B)
Single stranded DNA
, C)
Double stranded RNA
D)
Single stranded RNA
E)
All of the choices are correct - correct
New, nonenveloped virus release occurs by - Answers Lysis
Lysogeny refers to - Answers Viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome
The activation of a prophage is called - Answers Induction
Penicillins and cephalosporins - Answers Block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules
The following are mechanisms of drug resistance except - Answers horizontal transfer
Each of the following target prokaryotic ribosomes except - Answers Polymyxins
Which of the following microbials does not inhibit DNA synthesis? - Answers Penicillin
Sulfonamides - Answers Are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis
The drug used for several protozoan infections is - Answers Metronidazole
There are fewer antifungal, anti-protozoan and anti-helminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs
because fungi, protozoa and helminths - Answers Are so similar to human cells that drug selective
toxicity is difficult
Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat - Answers HIV
Antimicrobial drugs that inhibit folic acid synthesis work without targeting mammalian cells because
mammals must get folic acid from their diet. - Answers True
A superinfection occurs when antibiotic use destroys normal microbiota that was keeping pathogens in
check and the pathogens are now able to cause infection - Answers True
Which of the following is NOT an adhesion mechanism that bacteria use to attach to a host? - Answers
envelope spikes puncture cells for entry
Endogenous infections are caused by - Answers normal biota in an unusual site.
Antiphagocytic factors produced by microorganisms include all of the following EXCEPT - Answers
erythrocytes
