Exam 4 BIO2104 Questions Answered Correctly Graded A+
Sterilization - Answers The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Inanimate objects
Removes all viable microorganisms
Disinfection - Answers A process that eliminates many or all microorganisms, with the exception of
bacteria spores, from inanimate objects.
Uses physical processes or chemical agents
Removes toxins and destroys vegetative pathogens.
—pasteurization
prevelance rate - Answers Refers to total number of existing cases of disease in a population
Incidence rate - Answers Number of new cases in given time period
Antisepsis - Answers Applied directly to exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative
pathogens
asepsis - Answers any practice that prevents the entry of infectious agents into sterile tissues and thus
prevents infection
Sulfa drugs work through competitive inhibition - Answers True
mortality rate - Answers the relative death rate, or the sum of deaths in a given population at a given
time
morbidity rate - Answers number of people affected in relation to the total population in a given time
period
Decontamination - Answers the mechanical removal of most microbes from an animate or inanimate
surface
Used when actual sterilization isn't needed
Food industry
Decreases risk of infection or spoilage
Bacteriostatic - Answers inhibits bacterial growth
Pasteruization - Answers kills pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while
maintaining food quality
, Desiccated - Answers Used to preserve food and accelerated through addition of salt or sugar.
Decrease water activity in food
Bactericide - Answers chemical that destroys bacteria except for those at the endospore stage
Fungicide - Answers a chemical that can kill fungal spores, hyphae, and yeasts
Virucide - Answers inactivates viruses
Sporicide - Answers can destroy bacterial endospores
Methods of physical control of microbial growth - Answers Dry heat: incineration, baking
Moist heat: boiling, tyndalization, pasteurization, autoclaving
Cold: freezing, refrigeration
Filtration: HEPA
Radiation: UV, gamma rays, x-rays
thermal death time - Answers shortest length of time required to kill all test microbes at a specified
temperature
thermal death point - Answers the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a sample in 10
minutes
Factors that influence the effectiveness of antimicrobal agents - Answers Number of microorganisms
Nature of microorganisms
Temperature and pH of environment
Concentration of agent
Mode of action of agent
Presence of solvents interfering with organic matter and inhibitors
Alcohols - Answers Commonly used for antisepsis
Denature proteins and disrupt membranes
Oxidizers - Answers Used on body
Many bacteria can break down enzymatically
Damage proteins and lipids
Sterilization - Answers The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Inanimate objects
Removes all viable microorganisms
Disinfection - Answers A process that eliminates many or all microorganisms, with the exception of
bacteria spores, from inanimate objects.
Uses physical processes or chemical agents
Removes toxins and destroys vegetative pathogens.
—pasteurization
prevelance rate - Answers Refers to total number of existing cases of disease in a population
Incidence rate - Answers Number of new cases in given time period
Antisepsis - Answers Applied directly to exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative
pathogens
asepsis - Answers any practice that prevents the entry of infectious agents into sterile tissues and thus
prevents infection
Sulfa drugs work through competitive inhibition - Answers True
mortality rate - Answers the relative death rate, or the sum of deaths in a given population at a given
time
morbidity rate - Answers number of people affected in relation to the total population in a given time
period
Decontamination - Answers the mechanical removal of most microbes from an animate or inanimate
surface
Used when actual sterilization isn't needed
Food industry
Decreases risk of infection or spoilage
Bacteriostatic - Answers inhibits bacterial growth
Pasteruization - Answers kills pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while
maintaining food quality
, Desiccated - Answers Used to preserve food and accelerated through addition of salt or sugar.
Decrease water activity in food
Bactericide - Answers chemical that destroys bacteria except for those at the endospore stage
Fungicide - Answers a chemical that can kill fungal spores, hyphae, and yeasts
Virucide - Answers inactivates viruses
Sporicide - Answers can destroy bacterial endospores
Methods of physical control of microbial growth - Answers Dry heat: incineration, baking
Moist heat: boiling, tyndalization, pasteurization, autoclaving
Cold: freezing, refrigeration
Filtration: HEPA
Radiation: UV, gamma rays, x-rays
thermal death time - Answers shortest length of time required to kill all test microbes at a specified
temperature
thermal death point - Answers the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a sample in 10
minutes
Factors that influence the effectiveness of antimicrobal agents - Answers Number of microorganisms
Nature of microorganisms
Temperature and pH of environment
Concentration of agent
Mode of action of agent
Presence of solvents interfering with organic matter and inhibitors
Alcohols - Answers Commonly used for antisepsis
Denature proteins and disrupt membranes
Oxidizers - Answers Used on body
Many bacteria can break down enzymatically
Damage proteins and lipids
