RELIAS - FETAL HEART MONITORING
EXAM 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM
WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED
VALUE PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer-*ph < 7.10 , normal pco2 (<60), high
base deficit (>12)*
- a higher base deficit (such as > 12) has been assoc w/higher risk for
severe neonatal complications
- most common cause of metabolic acidosis in fetus is r/t inadequate O2
delivery
- prolonged hypoxic insult to fetus results in depletion of bicarb, which is a
base buffer that normalizes ph levels
Mixed acidosis - Correct Answer-*ph < 7.10 , high pco2 > 60, and high
base deficit >12*
- may develop when resp acidosis persists for a prolonged period of time
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,-outcome for neonates is dependent on degree and severity, but typically
the lower ph and higher base deficit means worse neonatal outcomes
- most often seen in prolonged bradycardia at time of birth
What is used to evaluate fetal acidosis? - Correct Answer-arterial umbilical
cord blood
Artery values (fetus to placenta) - Correct Answer-Normal ranges:
Ph 7.20-7.28
Pco2 35-70
Base excess -3 to -9
Venous values (placenta to fetus) - Correct Answer-Normal ranges:
Ph 7.35
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, Pco2 33-50
Base excess -1 to -8
Factors for neonatal encephalopathy or cerebral palsy - Correct Answer-
Data shows that intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia is rarely sole significant
contributing factor for this
Other contributing factors include:
- infection
- prolonged intermittent hypoxia assoc w/subcortical and cortical or
preventricular damage
- acute total or near total hypoxia is assoc w/damage to midbrain and
brainstem
Low ph in newborns - Correct Answer-- no absolute fetal arterial ph
threshold assoc w/harm in all newborns
- typically if ph is < 7.10 that is used to determine acidosis and if the ph is <
7 then that is associated w/ low apgars, early neonatal seizues, and
neonatal deaths
3 |Page
EXAM 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM
WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED
VALUE PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer-*ph < 7.10 , normal pco2 (<60), high
base deficit (>12)*
- a higher base deficit (such as > 12) has been assoc w/higher risk for
severe neonatal complications
- most common cause of metabolic acidosis in fetus is r/t inadequate O2
delivery
- prolonged hypoxic insult to fetus results in depletion of bicarb, which is a
base buffer that normalizes ph levels
Mixed acidosis - Correct Answer-*ph < 7.10 , high pco2 > 60, and high
base deficit >12*
- may develop when resp acidosis persists for a prolonged period of time
1 |Page
,-outcome for neonates is dependent on degree and severity, but typically
the lower ph and higher base deficit means worse neonatal outcomes
- most often seen in prolonged bradycardia at time of birth
What is used to evaluate fetal acidosis? - Correct Answer-arterial umbilical
cord blood
Artery values (fetus to placenta) - Correct Answer-Normal ranges:
Ph 7.20-7.28
Pco2 35-70
Base excess -3 to -9
Venous values (placenta to fetus) - Correct Answer-Normal ranges:
Ph 7.35
2 |Page
, Pco2 33-50
Base excess -1 to -8
Factors for neonatal encephalopathy or cerebral palsy - Correct Answer-
Data shows that intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia is rarely sole significant
contributing factor for this
Other contributing factors include:
- infection
- prolonged intermittent hypoxia assoc w/subcortical and cortical or
preventricular damage
- acute total or near total hypoxia is assoc w/damage to midbrain and
brainstem
Low ph in newborns - Correct Answer-- no absolute fetal arterial ph
threshold assoc w/harm in all newborns
- typically if ph is < 7.10 that is used to determine acidosis and if the ph is <
7 then that is associated w/ low apgars, early neonatal seizues, and
neonatal deaths
3 |Page
