INTRODUCTION TO LAW MIDTERM EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Consists of a set of rules and procedures usually intended to regulate
some aspect of society. These are enforced by federal, state, and local governments.
Civil Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a legal system based on written laws or codes. A type of law that
contains private disputes between parties. Based on constitution and law of codes.
Common Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A body of law developed through the courts. Based on
precedent of case law and stare decisis
Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A document whose primary purpose is to establish a
government and define its powers.
Code - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A topical organization of statutes
Example: Babylonian empire 1760 B.C- society ruled by a law known as the "Code of Hammurabi". This
law contains rules that governed different aspects of society, criminal laws, domestic relations, and
contract laws. (Similar to today's laws) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Civil Law Example
Stare Decisis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅"It stands decided" another term for precedent
Jurisprudence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Deals with the multitude of questions related to the origins
of law, the meaning of law, and the relationship of law and morality . Study of philosophy of law
Natural Theory of Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a philosophical theory holding that law reflects the
moral and unchangeable laws of nature
Legal Positivism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A philosophical theory holding that the validity of law is
not related to morality
, Legal Realism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A philosophical theory that laws are created by judges and
therefore subject to individual beliefs and prejudices
Tort - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A non contractual civil wrong
Statute of Limitations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A law that places a time limit on when a lawsuit can
be filed
Substantive Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Laws that define our rights and obligations
Procedural Laws - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Laws that dictate how we enforce our rights and
obligations
crime - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An act in violation of a criminal statute
Rules of Court - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Procedural rules adopted by all courts regulating practice in
the court
Due process of Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The existence of a law that prohibits the conduct in
question before the violation occurs; a law that is sufficiently certain and clear so that an individual is
capable of knowing what is permissible and what is illegal; a specifically described penalty that is to be
imposed in the event a person is found guilty
Jurisdiction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The power or authority to act in a certain situation; the power
of a court to hear cases and render judgements
Preponderance of the Evidence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the amount of proof necessary for most
civil cases; more likely than not
Liable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A finding of responsibility in a civil case
ANSWERS
Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Consists of a set of rules and procedures usually intended to regulate
some aspect of society. These are enforced by federal, state, and local governments.
Civil Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a legal system based on written laws or codes. A type of law that
contains private disputes between parties. Based on constitution and law of codes.
Common Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A body of law developed through the courts. Based on
precedent of case law and stare decisis
Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A document whose primary purpose is to establish a
government and define its powers.
Code - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A topical organization of statutes
Example: Babylonian empire 1760 B.C- society ruled by a law known as the "Code of Hammurabi". This
law contains rules that governed different aspects of society, criminal laws, domestic relations, and
contract laws. (Similar to today's laws) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Civil Law Example
Stare Decisis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅"It stands decided" another term for precedent
Jurisprudence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Deals with the multitude of questions related to the origins
of law, the meaning of law, and the relationship of law and morality . Study of philosophy of law
Natural Theory of Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a philosophical theory holding that law reflects the
moral and unchangeable laws of nature
Legal Positivism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A philosophical theory holding that the validity of law is
not related to morality
, Legal Realism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A philosophical theory that laws are created by judges and
therefore subject to individual beliefs and prejudices
Tort - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A non contractual civil wrong
Statute of Limitations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A law that places a time limit on when a lawsuit can
be filed
Substantive Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Laws that define our rights and obligations
Procedural Laws - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Laws that dictate how we enforce our rights and
obligations
crime - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅An act in violation of a criminal statute
Rules of Court - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Procedural rules adopted by all courts regulating practice in
the court
Due process of Law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The existence of a law that prohibits the conduct in
question before the violation occurs; a law that is sufficiently certain and clear so that an individual is
capable of knowing what is permissible and what is illegal; a specifically described penalty that is to be
imposed in the event a person is found guilty
Jurisdiction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The power or authority to act in a certain situation; the power
of a court to hear cases and render judgements
Preponderance of the Evidence - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the amount of proof necessary for most
civil cases; more likely than not
Liable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A finding of responsibility in a civil case
