Class 12 Physics - Electrostatics (Short Notes)
Electrostatics - Short Theory Notes
Electrostatics: The study of electric charges at rest.
Charge (q): A physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electric field.
- SI Unit: Coulomb (C)
- Types: Positive (+), Negative (-)
- Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
Properties of Electric Charge:
1. Additivity of charges
2. Conservation of charge
3. Quantization of charge
Coulomb's Law:
- The force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- F = k * |q1*q2| / r^2, where k = 9x10^9 Nm^2/C^2
Electric Field (E):
- The region around a charge where it exerts force on other charges.
- E = F/q (N/C)
- For point charge: E = kq/r^2
Page 1
Electrostatics - Short Theory Notes
Electrostatics: The study of electric charges at rest.
Charge (q): A physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electric field.
- SI Unit: Coulomb (C)
- Types: Positive (+), Negative (-)
- Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
Properties of Electric Charge:
1. Additivity of charges
2. Conservation of charge
3. Quantization of charge
Coulomb's Law:
- The force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- F = k * |q1*q2| / r^2, where k = 9x10^9 Nm^2/C^2
Electric Field (E):
- The region around a charge where it exerts force on other charges.
- E = F/q (N/C)
- For point charge: E = kq/r^2
Page 1
