1
BCEN Practice Exam Questions and
Answers Graded A+ Latest Versions
2025
Third Degree Heart Block
Correct Answer
P-P intervals are consistent and QRS-QRS are consistent
but some P-waves are hidden in QRS complexes
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Shock
Correct Answer
impaired tissue perfusion secondary to circulatory failure
Compensated Shock
Correct Answer
Sympathetic nervous system (release of epi and norepi-
vasoconstriction), RAAS activation (inc serum NA and fluid),
ADH (renal NA and H2O absorption) and intracellular fluid
shift (inc vasc volume)
Uncompensated Shock
Correct Answer
,2
edema/third spacing, respiratory decline (crackles and
dyspnea secondary to pulmonary edema), cardiac decline
(inadequate venous return and dysrhythmias), hypo
perfusion to non-vital tissues, hypo perfusion to
myocardium and brain
Hypovolemic Shock
Correct Answer
Traumatic/nontraumatic hemorrhage, fluid shift, non-blood
fluid losses, urinary fluid losses
, 3
Fluid Volume Intervention
Correct Answer
crystalloid bolus: NSS is most common-- 1-2L for adults;
20ml/kg peds
Blood- typically PRBCs (no clotting factors here- just good
for volume and O2)
Massive transfusion: 1:1:1 PRBCs, platelets, and plasma
D5W NOT USED- metabolized too quickly and does not
contribute to volume expansion
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Cardiogenic Shock
Correct Answer
Inadequate pump: typically caused by MI, chest trauma,
sustained dysrhythmia, valve problems, end stage
cardiomyopathy
Disruptive Shock
Correct Answer
Fluid and pump are adequate- but fluid is in the wrong
place (pooling, leaky capillaries)
Types: Anaphylactic, Septic, Neurogenic
Cardiogenic Shock Interventions
Correct Answer
, 4
PEEP (force out pulm edema fluid)
decrease pre-load (Nitro, MSO4, diuretics, semi-fowlers)
decrease afterload (nitro + antihypertensives)
inc contractility (dobutamine, IABP)
treat dysrhythmias
Cardiac cath/angioplasty
Anaphylactic Shock
Correct Answer
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Type of Distributive Shock
IGE mediated
IM Epi Q15-20 min
Fluids
Histamine blockers
Albuterol (ensure patent airway)
Corticosteroids
Septic Shock
Correct Answer
Type of Distributive Shock
Must meet 2 SIRS criteria + known or suspected infection
Considered to be "shock" when pt is hypotensive despite
fluid resuscitation
May progress to MODS
BCEN Practice Exam Questions and
Answers Graded A+ Latest Versions
2025
Third Degree Heart Block
Correct Answer
P-P intervals are consistent and QRS-QRS are consistent
but some P-waves are hidden in QRS complexes
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Shock
Correct Answer
impaired tissue perfusion secondary to circulatory failure
Compensated Shock
Correct Answer
Sympathetic nervous system (release of epi and norepi-
vasoconstriction), RAAS activation (inc serum NA and fluid),
ADH (renal NA and H2O absorption) and intracellular fluid
shift (inc vasc volume)
Uncompensated Shock
Correct Answer
,2
edema/third spacing, respiratory decline (crackles and
dyspnea secondary to pulmonary edema), cardiac decline
(inadequate venous return and dysrhythmias), hypo
perfusion to non-vital tissues, hypo perfusion to
myocardium and brain
Hypovolemic Shock
Correct Answer
Traumatic/nontraumatic hemorrhage, fluid shift, non-blood
fluid losses, urinary fluid losses
, 3
Fluid Volume Intervention
Correct Answer
crystalloid bolus: NSS is most common-- 1-2L for adults;
20ml/kg peds
Blood- typically PRBCs (no clotting factors here- just good
for volume and O2)
Massive transfusion: 1:1:1 PRBCs, platelets, and plasma
D5W NOT USED- metabolized too quickly and does not
contribute to volume expansion
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Cardiogenic Shock
Correct Answer
Inadequate pump: typically caused by MI, chest trauma,
sustained dysrhythmia, valve problems, end stage
cardiomyopathy
Disruptive Shock
Correct Answer
Fluid and pump are adequate- but fluid is in the wrong
place (pooling, leaky capillaries)
Types: Anaphylactic, Septic, Neurogenic
Cardiogenic Shock Interventions
Correct Answer
, 4
PEEP (force out pulm edema fluid)
decrease pre-load (Nitro, MSO4, diuretics, semi-fowlers)
decrease afterload (nitro + antihypertensives)
inc contractility (dobutamine, IABP)
treat dysrhythmias
Cardiac cath/angioplasty
Anaphylactic Shock
Correct Answer
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Type of Distributive Shock
IGE mediated
IM Epi Q15-20 min
Fluids
Histamine blockers
Albuterol (ensure patent airway)
Corticosteroids
Septic Shock
Correct Answer
Type of Distributive Shock
Must meet 2 SIRS criteria + known or suspected infection
Considered to be "shock" when pt is hypotensive despite
fluid resuscitation
May progress to MODS
