1
AECC ENGLISH - SYLLABUS
1. Introduction: Theory of Communication, Types and modes of Communication
2. Language of Communication:
Verbal and Non-verbal
(Spoken and Written)
Personal, Social and Business
Barriers and Strategies
Intra-personal, Inter-personal and Group communication
3. Speaking Skills:
Monologue
Dialogue
Group Discussion
Effective Communication/ Mis- Communication
Interview
Public Speech
4. Reading and Understanding
Close Reading
Comprehension
Summary Paraphrasing
Analysis and Interpretation
Translation(from Indian language to English and vice-versa) Literary/Knowledge
Texts
5. Writing Skills
Documenting
Report Writing
Making notes
Letter writing
EXAMINATION PATTERN
AECC (ENGLISH) – WRITTEN EXAMINATION
Unit 1. Theory of Communication (2Qs x 5 Marks = 10 Marks)
Unit 2. Language of Communication – Short Notes (5Qs x 2 Marks = 10 Marks)
Unit 3. Speaking Skills – 3 Sub-topic to be tested = 20 Marks
Unit 4. (i) Unseen Reading Comprehension – 10 Marks
(ii) Summary/ Simple theory question on translation/ translation 5 sentences from English to
MIL – 5 Marks
Unit 5. Writing Skills – Report writing + Letter writing – 20 Marks
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
10 Marks – Class Test + 10 Marks – Class Work + 5 Marks – Attendance
, 2
UNIT 1: THEORY OF COMMUNICATION
1.1 What is communication?
The word ‘communication’ has been derived from Latin words ‘communis’ and
‘communicare’. The meaning of the first word suggests to make common and
‘communicare’ means to share or sharing.
Definition 1: It is the ability to speak, write or to express our ideas, feelings: clearly and
convincingly.
Definition 2: It is the process of sending and receiving messages for the purpose of
understanding, knowing, informing and in the broadest sense, improving the relation with
the world.
Definition 3 (Robert Anderson): Communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions
or information by speech, writing or signs.
Communication can also be symbolic because it is not limited to words or
language. It can always be done by the help of gestures and symbols or facial
expressions. The symbols can be present with and without language. Our ability
to symbolize and express makes the process of communication possible.
Communication is the process of expressing one’s ideas, thoughts, feelings,
expressions, emotions, language, knowledge etc. The process may involve
transaction, exchange, and sharing.
Communication can also be understood as an exchange of meaning and
understanding.
Meaning is central to communication, and the transmission of meaning is the
central objective of communication.
Communication begins with the sender sending out message cues, which are
perceived by the receiver who assigns meaning to them and responds to them as
per the need. Communication can be complete unless the message sent by the
sender is properly decoded at the receiver’s end and comprehended. Moreover,
communication can be considered effective only when the receiver’s response is
matching with the meaning the sender wanted to convey.
A model of the communication process would most commonly look like this:
Encoding Decoding
Sender/ Receiver/
the the
Encoder Decoder
message message
Feedback)
, 3
Tools of Communication:
There are various tools that helps in the process of communication.
i) Language: The main function of each and every language is to communicate.
Each language has various forms. It is one of the foremost and important tool of
communication. It is the most clear and comfortable tool to use. Each and every
individual uses this tools in the process of communication.
ii) Script: This is a group of symbols used to express the language in the written
format.
iii) Drawing/Painting/Sculpture/Visual art: These use creativity to communicate in
an artistic manner. A small piece of art can convey thousands of sentences by its
form, size, colour combination, shades etc.
iv) Body: Our body is one of the most important tools of communication. Whether
we are using language or not it is always present in the process of
communication. Without body cues our communication may be confusing. Our
words must be supported by proper actions reflected by the body. They may be in
the form of gestures, postures, eye contact, spacing etc. Every action or non-
action is part of the body. This type of tool is otherwise known as body language.
v) Silence: In particular situations silence can also act as an important tool for
communication. There are many instances where either we don’t use
language/words or we are not in a position to use those. In such situations silence
has the power to convey the message effectively.
1.2 Types and Modes of Communication
Types of Communication Based on Purpose and Style:
Based on style and purpose, there are two main categories of communication:
1. Formal Communication
2. Informal Communication
1. Formal Communication
In formal communication, certain rules, conventions and principles are followed while
communicating message. Formal communication occurs in formal and official style. Usually
, 4
professional settings, corporate meetings, conferences undergoes in formal pattern. In formal
communication, use of slang and foul language is avoided and correct pronunciation is
required. Authority lines are needed to be followed in formal communication.
Formal communication is otherwise known as official communication. In case of formal
communication we use formal language. Formal communication is used for serious or official
purposes. E.g. Debate, discussions, lectures, interview, seminars, speech, Group work,
meetings, presentations, public speaking, press briefing etc. Most times it is bereft of personal
feelings and emotions. That’s why critics categorize formal communication as artificial
communication. In formal communication, the same topic communicated at different places,
to different persons under different situations and environment can vary. The status and
position of the persons involved in the process also changes the form of formal
communication.
2. Informal Communication
Informal communication is done using channels that are in contrast with formal
communication channels. It can be a casual conversation. It is established for societal
affiliations of members in an organization and face-to-face discussions. It happens among
friends and family. In informal communication use of slang words, foul language is not
restricted. Usually informal communication is done orally and using gestures. Informal
communication, unlike formal communication, doesn’t follow authority lines. In an
organization, it helps in finding out staff grievances as people express more when talking
informally. Informal communication helps in building relationships.
Informal communication includes all the communication that we do either in a professional
set up or in social set up without any serious purpose attached to it. E.g. casual greetings or
private conversations, chatting, gossiping etc... Informal communication is natural and free
flowing communication without any rules, restrictions and formality. It reflects personal
touch, humility and emotions.
One must understand that there is a hair line difference between formal and informal
communication. Language used in both types of communication depends on the kind of
relationship plus in what context the communication is taking place. The environment has a
definite role in deciding the degree of formality in the process of communication.
Types of communication based on the communication channels used are:
1. Verbal Communication
2. Nonverbal Communication
1. Verbal Communication:
Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted
verbally; communication is done by word of mouth and/or a piece of writing. Verbal
communication is any communication that uses language.
Verbal Communication is further divided into:
AECC ENGLISH - SYLLABUS
1. Introduction: Theory of Communication, Types and modes of Communication
2. Language of Communication:
Verbal and Non-verbal
(Spoken and Written)
Personal, Social and Business
Barriers and Strategies
Intra-personal, Inter-personal and Group communication
3. Speaking Skills:
Monologue
Dialogue
Group Discussion
Effective Communication/ Mis- Communication
Interview
Public Speech
4. Reading and Understanding
Close Reading
Comprehension
Summary Paraphrasing
Analysis and Interpretation
Translation(from Indian language to English and vice-versa) Literary/Knowledge
Texts
5. Writing Skills
Documenting
Report Writing
Making notes
Letter writing
EXAMINATION PATTERN
AECC (ENGLISH) – WRITTEN EXAMINATION
Unit 1. Theory of Communication (2Qs x 5 Marks = 10 Marks)
Unit 2. Language of Communication – Short Notes (5Qs x 2 Marks = 10 Marks)
Unit 3. Speaking Skills – 3 Sub-topic to be tested = 20 Marks
Unit 4. (i) Unseen Reading Comprehension – 10 Marks
(ii) Summary/ Simple theory question on translation/ translation 5 sentences from English to
MIL – 5 Marks
Unit 5. Writing Skills – Report writing + Letter writing – 20 Marks
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
10 Marks – Class Test + 10 Marks – Class Work + 5 Marks – Attendance
, 2
UNIT 1: THEORY OF COMMUNICATION
1.1 What is communication?
The word ‘communication’ has been derived from Latin words ‘communis’ and
‘communicare’. The meaning of the first word suggests to make common and
‘communicare’ means to share or sharing.
Definition 1: It is the ability to speak, write or to express our ideas, feelings: clearly and
convincingly.
Definition 2: It is the process of sending and receiving messages for the purpose of
understanding, knowing, informing and in the broadest sense, improving the relation with
the world.
Definition 3 (Robert Anderson): Communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions
or information by speech, writing or signs.
Communication can also be symbolic because it is not limited to words or
language. It can always be done by the help of gestures and symbols or facial
expressions. The symbols can be present with and without language. Our ability
to symbolize and express makes the process of communication possible.
Communication is the process of expressing one’s ideas, thoughts, feelings,
expressions, emotions, language, knowledge etc. The process may involve
transaction, exchange, and sharing.
Communication can also be understood as an exchange of meaning and
understanding.
Meaning is central to communication, and the transmission of meaning is the
central objective of communication.
Communication begins with the sender sending out message cues, which are
perceived by the receiver who assigns meaning to them and responds to them as
per the need. Communication can be complete unless the message sent by the
sender is properly decoded at the receiver’s end and comprehended. Moreover,
communication can be considered effective only when the receiver’s response is
matching with the meaning the sender wanted to convey.
A model of the communication process would most commonly look like this:
Encoding Decoding
Sender/ Receiver/
the the
Encoder Decoder
message message
Feedback)
, 3
Tools of Communication:
There are various tools that helps in the process of communication.
i) Language: The main function of each and every language is to communicate.
Each language has various forms. It is one of the foremost and important tool of
communication. It is the most clear and comfortable tool to use. Each and every
individual uses this tools in the process of communication.
ii) Script: This is a group of symbols used to express the language in the written
format.
iii) Drawing/Painting/Sculpture/Visual art: These use creativity to communicate in
an artistic manner. A small piece of art can convey thousands of sentences by its
form, size, colour combination, shades etc.
iv) Body: Our body is one of the most important tools of communication. Whether
we are using language or not it is always present in the process of
communication. Without body cues our communication may be confusing. Our
words must be supported by proper actions reflected by the body. They may be in
the form of gestures, postures, eye contact, spacing etc. Every action or non-
action is part of the body. This type of tool is otherwise known as body language.
v) Silence: In particular situations silence can also act as an important tool for
communication. There are many instances where either we don’t use
language/words or we are not in a position to use those. In such situations silence
has the power to convey the message effectively.
1.2 Types and Modes of Communication
Types of Communication Based on Purpose and Style:
Based on style and purpose, there are two main categories of communication:
1. Formal Communication
2. Informal Communication
1. Formal Communication
In formal communication, certain rules, conventions and principles are followed while
communicating message. Formal communication occurs in formal and official style. Usually
, 4
professional settings, corporate meetings, conferences undergoes in formal pattern. In formal
communication, use of slang and foul language is avoided and correct pronunciation is
required. Authority lines are needed to be followed in formal communication.
Formal communication is otherwise known as official communication. In case of formal
communication we use formal language. Formal communication is used for serious or official
purposes. E.g. Debate, discussions, lectures, interview, seminars, speech, Group work,
meetings, presentations, public speaking, press briefing etc. Most times it is bereft of personal
feelings and emotions. That’s why critics categorize formal communication as artificial
communication. In formal communication, the same topic communicated at different places,
to different persons under different situations and environment can vary. The status and
position of the persons involved in the process also changes the form of formal
communication.
2. Informal Communication
Informal communication is done using channels that are in contrast with formal
communication channels. It can be a casual conversation. It is established for societal
affiliations of members in an organization and face-to-face discussions. It happens among
friends and family. In informal communication use of slang words, foul language is not
restricted. Usually informal communication is done orally and using gestures. Informal
communication, unlike formal communication, doesn’t follow authority lines. In an
organization, it helps in finding out staff grievances as people express more when talking
informally. Informal communication helps in building relationships.
Informal communication includes all the communication that we do either in a professional
set up or in social set up without any serious purpose attached to it. E.g. casual greetings or
private conversations, chatting, gossiping etc... Informal communication is natural and free
flowing communication without any rules, restrictions and formality. It reflects personal
touch, humility and emotions.
One must understand that there is a hair line difference between formal and informal
communication. Language used in both types of communication depends on the kind of
relationship plus in what context the communication is taking place. The environment has a
definite role in deciding the degree of formality in the process of communication.
Types of communication based on the communication channels used are:
1. Verbal Communication
2. Nonverbal Communication
1. Verbal Communication:
Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted
verbally; communication is done by word of mouth and/or a piece of writing. Verbal
communication is any communication that uses language.
Verbal Communication is further divided into:
