UCF Biology 2 Donnely Exam 2
(Chapters 19, 26-31, 35 and 38) with
100% correct answers ( graded A+)
phylogeny - answer evolutionary history of a species or group of
related species
systematics - answer classifies organisms and determines their
evolutionary relationships
phylogenetic tree - answer The evolutionary history of a group of
organisms can be represented in a branching _________________
branch points - answer represents the divergence of two
evolutionary lineages from a common ancestor
sister taxa - answer groups that share an immediate common
ancestor that is not shared by any other group
rooted tree - answer includes branch to represent the most recent
common ancestor of all taxa in the tree
homology - answer similarity due to shared ancestry
analogy - answer similarity due to convergent evolution
,cladistics - answer groups organisms by common ancestry
clades - answer group of species with an ancestral species and all
its descendents
monophyletic group - answer a ______________ consists of ancestor
species + all descendants
paraphyletic group - answer a _____________ consists of ancestral
species + some descendants
polyphyletic group - answer a _________________ is a distantly
related species but does not include most recent common
ancestor
shared ancestral character - answer a ________________ originated
in an ancestor of the taxon
shared derived character - answer evolutionary novelty unique to
a particular clade
ingroup - answer a species being studied and compared is
referred to as the ____________
, outgroup - answer a species or group of species that is closely
related to the ingroup, but diverged before the ingroup is known
as the ______________
maximum parsimony - answer ______________ assumes the tree
with the fewest evolutionary events (appearances of shared
derived characters) is most likely
maximum likelihood - answer ________________ assumes a tree can
be found that reflects the most probable sequence of evolutionary
events Computer programs are used to search for trees that are
parsimonious and likely
horizontal gene transfer - answer movement of genes from one
genome to another
orthologous genes - answer _______________ are found in a single
copy in the genome and are homologous between species.
Diverge only after speciation occurs
paralogous genes - answer ____________ result from gene
duplication. found in more than one copy in the genome. diverge
within the species that carries them and often evolve new
functions
molecular clocks - answer ______________ use constant rates of
evolution in some genes to estimate the absolute time of
evolutionary change
(Chapters 19, 26-31, 35 and 38) with
100% correct answers ( graded A+)
phylogeny - answer evolutionary history of a species or group of
related species
systematics - answer classifies organisms and determines their
evolutionary relationships
phylogenetic tree - answer The evolutionary history of a group of
organisms can be represented in a branching _________________
branch points - answer represents the divergence of two
evolutionary lineages from a common ancestor
sister taxa - answer groups that share an immediate common
ancestor that is not shared by any other group
rooted tree - answer includes branch to represent the most recent
common ancestor of all taxa in the tree
homology - answer similarity due to shared ancestry
analogy - answer similarity due to convergent evolution
,cladistics - answer groups organisms by common ancestry
clades - answer group of species with an ancestral species and all
its descendents
monophyletic group - answer a ______________ consists of ancestor
species + all descendants
paraphyletic group - answer a _____________ consists of ancestral
species + some descendants
polyphyletic group - answer a _________________ is a distantly
related species but does not include most recent common
ancestor
shared ancestral character - answer a ________________ originated
in an ancestor of the taxon
shared derived character - answer evolutionary novelty unique to
a particular clade
ingroup - answer a species being studied and compared is
referred to as the ____________
, outgroup - answer a species or group of species that is closely
related to the ingroup, but diverged before the ingroup is known
as the ______________
maximum parsimony - answer ______________ assumes the tree
with the fewest evolutionary events (appearances of shared
derived characters) is most likely
maximum likelihood - answer ________________ assumes a tree can
be found that reflects the most probable sequence of evolutionary
events Computer programs are used to search for trees that are
parsimonious and likely
horizontal gene transfer - answer movement of genes from one
genome to another
orthologous genes - answer _______________ are found in a single
copy in the genome and are homologous between species.
Diverge only after speciation occurs
paralogous genes - answer ____________ result from gene
duplication. found in more than one copy in the genome. diverge
within the species that carries them and often evolve new
functions
molecular clocks - answer ______________ use constant rates of
evolution in some genes to estimate the absolute time of
evolutionary change
