correct answers ( GUARANTEED
SUCCESS )
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - 5 of them - answer physiological,
safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualization
self-actualization - answer the motivation to fulfill one's potential -
growth need
esteem - answer self respect, respect from others
love and belonging - answer interpersonal relationships,
friendship, family, intimacy, sense of connection
safety - answer protection from elements, freedom from fear
physiological - answer those relating to the basic biological
necessities of life: food, drink, rest, and shelter
what does physical development involve? - answer gross and fine
motor skill development
what are the 4 stages of physical development? - answer infancy,
early childhood, mid childhood, adolescence
,Infancy stage of development - answer birth - 2. many new motor
skills, by 2 feed selves with hands, throw a ball, jump and run, use
a zipper
early childhood - answer 2-6 years. run/hop/swing. string beads
and do puzzles, by 4 print name, dress self, tie shoes, eat with
utensils
middle childhood - answer 6-10. gain weight and height. perm
teeth. better refined handwriting and drawing
adolescence - answer 10-18. rapid weight/height increase.
puberty. hormonal changes.
Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development - answer sensorimotor,
preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
sensorimotor stage - answer in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world
mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
realize actions can cause things to occur
preoperational stage - answer from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age
during which a child learns to use language but does not yet
comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
begin to think symbolically. egocentric , think in concrete terms
,concrete operational stage - answer 6 or 7 to 11 years of age
during which children gain the mental operations that enable
them to think logically about concrete events, understand
conservation.
formal operational stage - answer age 12+ during which people
begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Schema (Piaget) - answer group of similar thoughts that children
use for their environment - ex: calling a cow a horse when first
seeing a cow
Vygotsky's Theory - answer A sociocultural cognitive theory that
emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive
development - learning occurs from social interaction
zone of proximal development - answer In Vygotsky's theory, the
range between children's present level of knowledge and their
potential knowledge - The level of development just above where
a learner is currently functioning
social speech - answer speech directed toward another person
and meant to be understood by that person
private speech - answer speech by children that is spoken and
directed to themselves
, Vygotsky vs. Piaget - answer Vygotsky says language is a big
impactor on learning.
Erickson's stages - answer trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame/doubt
initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identity vs role confusion
intimacy vs isolation
Trust vs. Mistrust - answer 0-12m. Erikson's first stage during the
first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a
consistent warm manner
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - answer 1-3y. Erikson's stage in
which a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things
independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt - answer 3-6y. Erikson's third stage in which the
child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities.
Failure to do so causes guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority - answer 6-12y. Erikson's stage when child
begins to compare themselves with their peers to see how they
measure up. Develop a sense of pride and accomplishment in
their schoolwork. If children do not learn to get along with others
or have negative experiences at home or with peers, an inferiority
complex might develop into adolescence and adulthood.