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Behavioral learning theories - answer Explanations of learning
that emphasize observable changes in behavior.
Social learning theories - answer Learning theories that
emphasize not only reinforcement but also the effects of cues on
thought and of thought on action.
Cognitive learning theories - answer Explanations of learning that
focus on mental processes.
Unconditioned Stimulus - answer A stimulus that naturally evokes
a particular response. (Meat)
Unconditioned Response - answer A behavior that is prompted
automatically by a stimulus (saliva)
Neutral Stimuli - answer Stimuli that have no effect on a particular
response
, Conditioned Stimulus - answer A previously neutral stimulus that
evokes a particular response after having been paired with an
unconditioned stimulus. (The bell)
Classical Conditioning - answer The process of repeatedly
associating a previously neutral stimulus with an unconditioned
stimulus in order to evoke a conditioned response.
Operant Conditioning - answer The use of pleasant or unpleasant
consequences to control the occurrence of behavior (choosing
someone who has their hand raised.
Reinforcer - answer A pleasurable consequence that maintains or
increases a behavior.
primary reinforcer - answer Food, water, or other consequence
that satisfies a basic need.
secondary reinforcer - answer A consequence that people learn to
value through its association with a primary reinforcer.
negative reinforcer - answer Release from an unpleasant
situation, given to strengthen behavior.
Premack Principle - answer Rule stating that enjoyable activities
can be used to reinforce participation in less enjoyable activities