Exam 1: NUR2513/ NUR 2513 (Latest
2025/ 2026) Maternal-Child Nursing
Exam | Questions and Verified Answers|
Graded A - Rasmussen
A nurse is assessing a premature infant. What would initially alert the nurse that
the infant is having respiratory distress?
A. Flaring nostrils
B. Sporadic crying
C. Ineffective cough
D. Decreased pulse rate - ANSWER ANSWER : A
Rationale:
In attempt to increase intake of oxygen, the respiratory rate increases with flaring
of nostrils as a cardinal sign. It is significant to note that when a neonate is in
respiratory distress, the rate of respirations will increase. Sporadic crying,
ineffective cough, and decreased pulse rate may be indicative of infant distress but
are not classic signs of respiratory distress.
A newborn infant is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nurse is
aware that this is indicative of a defect that:
A. typically results in cyanosis
B. may result in congestive heart failure
C. also causes pulmonary stenosis
D. normally does not close after birth - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale:
, Defects that result in increased pulmonary blood flow such as patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) and other atrial and ventricular septal defects may cause
congestive heart failure. PDA is a vascular connection that during fetal life
bypasses the pulmonary vascular bed and directs blood from the pulmonary artery
to the aorta. Defects that involve decreased pulmonary blood (such as tetralogy of
Fallot) or obstruction to blood flow out of the heart (such as pulmonary stenosis)
typically result in cyanosis. PDA does not cause pulmonary stenosis. A PDA
normally closes soon after birth. If the ductus does remain open after birth, the
direction of blood flow in the ductus is reversed by the higher pressure in the aorta,
so there may not be any signs of the disorder.
Which of the following signs would alert a nurse to withdrawal in the infant of a
mother addicted to heroin?
A. lethargy and a lack of appetite
B. restlessness, irritability, and tremors
C. no crying and hypoactive reflexes
D. hyperactive reflexes and diaphoresis - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale:
Heroin does cross the placental barrier; therefore the infant is born addicted to
heroin and will display signs of withdrawal such as restlessness, irritability, and
tremors. The items listed in ANSWER options A, C, and D are not associated with
heroin withdrawal.
A neonate weights 8 lb, 1 oz at birth. At age 3 days, the weight has decreased to 7
lb, 12 oz. The nurse should instruct the mother to:
A. increase the amount of formula to prevent further dehydration and weight loss
B. continue feeding on demand because the noted weight loss is within normal
limits
C. give additional feedings because the weight loss indicates inadequate caloric
intake
D. switch to a different formula because the current one is inadequate to maintain
weight - ANSWER ANSWER : B
2025/ 2026) Maternal-Child Nursing
Exam | Questions and Verified Answers|
Graded A - Rasmussen
A nurse is assessing a premature infant. What would initially alert the nurse that
the infant is having respiratory distress?
A. Flaring nostrils
B. Sporadic crying
C. Ineffective cough
D. Decreased pulse rate - ANSWER ANSWER : A
Rationale:
In attempt to increase intake of oxygen, the respiratory rate increases with flaring
of nostrils as a cardinal sign. It is significant to note that when a neonate is in
respiratory distress, the rate of respirations will increase. Sporadic crying,
ineffective cough, and decreased pulse rate may be indicative of infant distress but
are not classic signs of respiratory distress.
A newborn infant is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nurse is
aware that this is indicative of a defect that:
A. typically results in cyanosis
B. may result in congestive heart failure
C. also causes pulmonary stenosis
D. normally does not close after birth - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale:
, Defects that result in increased pulmonary blood flow such as patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) and other atrial and ventricular septal defects may cause
congestive heart failure. PDA is a vascular connection that during fetal life
bypasses the pulmonary vascular bed and directs blood from the pulmonary artery
to the aorta. Defects that involve decreased pulmonary blood (such as tetralogy of
Fallot) or obstruction to blood flow out of the heart (such as pulmonary stenosis)
typically result in cyanosis. PDA does not cause pulmonary stenosis. A PDA
normally closes soon after birth. If the ductus does remain open after birth, the
direction of blood flow in the ductus is reversed by the higher pressure in the aorta,
so there may not be any signs of the disorder.
Which of the following signs would alert a nurse to withdrawal in the infant of a
mother addicted to heroin?
A. lethargy and a lack of appetite
B. restlessness, irritability, and tremors
C. no crying and hypoactive reflexes
D. hyperactive reflexes and diaphoresis - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale:
Heroin does cross the placental barrier; therefore the infant is born addicted to
heroin and will display signs of withdrawal such as restlessness, irritability, and
tremors. The items listed in ANSWER options A, C, and D are not associated with
heroin withdrawal.
A neonate weights 8 lb, 1 oz at birth. At age 3 days, the weight has decreased to 7
lb, 12 oz. The nurse should instruct the mother to:
A. increase the amount of formula to prevent further dehydration and weight loss
B. continue feeding on demand because the noted weight loss is within normal
limits
C. give additional feedings because the weight loss indicates inadequate caloric
intake
D. switch to a different formula because the current one is inadequate to maintain
weight - ANSWER ANSWER : B
