Class 10 Biology - Chapter 1: Life Processes
What are Life Processes?
Life processes are the basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain life.
Examples: Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, Excretion, Growth, Reproduction
1. Nutrition
Definition: The process by which organisms obtain and utilize food.
Types of Nutrition:
- Autotrophic: Organisms make their own food using sunlight (e.g., Plants)
- Heterotrophic: Depend on others for food (e.g., Humans, Animals)
Autotrophic Nutrition (Photosynthesis)
Equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)
Steps:
1. Absorption of light by chlorophyll
2. Conversion of light energy into chemical energy (ATP)
3. Splitting of water molecules
4. Reduction of CO2 to form glucose
Heterotrophic Nutrition
Types:
- Holozoic: Ingestion -> Digestion -> Absorption -> Assimilation -> Egestion (Humans)
- Saprophytic: Feeding on dead matter (Fungi)
- Parasitic: Live on/in host and get nutrition (Leech, Tapeworm)
2. Human Digestive System
Organs and Functions:
What are Life Processes?
Life processes are the basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain life.
Examples: Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, Excretion, Growth, Reproduction
1. Nutrition
Definition: The process by which organisms obtain and utilize food.
Types of Nutrition:
- Autotrophic: Organisms make their own food using sunlight (e.g., Plants)
- Heterotrophic: Depend on others for food (e.g., Humans, Animals)
Autotrophic Nutrition (Photosynthesis)
Equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)
Steps:
1. Absorption of light by chlorophyll
2. Conversion of light energy into chemical energy (ATP)
3. Splitting of water molecules
4. Reduction of CO2 to form glucose
Heterotrophic Nutrition
Types:
- Holozoic: Ingestion -> Digestion -> Absorption -> Assimilation -> Egestion (Humans)
- Saprophytic: Feeding on dead matter (Fungi)
- Parasitic: Live on/in host and get nutrition (Leech, Tapeworm)
2. Human Digestive System
Organs and Functions:
