EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM WITH 200 + REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL
ELABORATED RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL
SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2025 (latest) Ace Your Exam
The nurse is caring for a client with multiple trauma after a motor vehicle collision. The nurse
learns that the client has secondary syphilis. Which precaution should the nurse implement?
A mask should be worn by anyone entering the client's room.
Handwashing is required before and after contact with the client.
Gloves should be worn during direct contact with the client's skin.
No precautions in addition to standard precautions are necessary. - ANSWER-Gloves should be
worn during direct contact with the client's skin.
The secondary stage of syphilis is a systemic blood-borne disease that presents with skin lesions
and rashes that may drain the highly contagious spirochete, so gloves should be worn during
direct contact with the client's skin. The client should be placed on contact precautions.
A client with a history of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure is admitted to
the surgical intensive care unit after coronary artery bypass surgery graft (CABG). The nurse
determines the client's serum potassium level is 4.5 mEq/L. What action should the nurse
implement?
Notify the healthcare provider.
Decrease the IV solution flow rate.
Document the finding as the only action.
Administer potassium replacement as prescribed - ANSWER-Document the finding as the only
action.
1|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
Coronary artery bypass surgery graft (CABG) places a client at risk for hypokalemia from
hemodilution, nasogastric suction, or diuretic therapy, so the serum potassium level is
maintained between 4 and 5 mEq/L to avoid dysrhythmias. Documentation of the normal
finding is indicated at this time.
An older female client is admitted with atrophic vaginitis and perineal cutaneous candidiasis.
Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?
Risk for injury.
Impaired comfort.
Disturbed body image.
Ineffective health maintenance. - ANSWER-Impaired comfort.
In menopausal women, the vaginal mucous membrane responds to low estrogen levels causing
the vaginal walls to become thinner, drier, and susceptible to infection, which leads to atrophic
vaginitis. Perineal cutaneous candidiasis contributes to other manifestations of vaginal
infections, such as vaginal irritation, burning, pruritus, increased leukorrhea, bleeding, and
dyspareunia, which supports the primary nursing diagnosis, "impaired comfort."
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). What assessment
should the RN identify and document that is consistent with PUD? (Select all that apply).
Hematemesis.
Gastric pain on an empty stomach.
Colic-like pain with fatty food ingestion.
Intolerance of spicy foods.
Diarrhea and stearrhea. - ANSWER-Hematemesis (the vomiting of blood)
Gastric pain on an empty stomach.
2|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
Intolerance of spicy foods.
Manifestations of PUD include hematemesis, gastric pain, and spicy food intolerance.
A female client is recently diagnosed with Sarcoidosis. The client tells the registered nurse (RN)
that she does not understand why she has this. When teaching the client, the RN should include
that sarcoidosis most commonly occurs with which ethnic group of women?
African American women.
Caucasian women.
Asian women.
Hispanic women. - ANSWER-African American women.
Sarcoidosis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting multiple organs and has shown
familial tendency due to multiple genes that together increase the susceptibility of developing
the disease. In research studies it occurs more commonly in African American women (10-80
out of 100,000); compare to Caucasian women of the United States (8 out of 100,000).
A client's prostate-specific antigen (PSA) exam result showed a PSA density of 0.13 ng/ml.
Which conclusion regarding this lab data is accurate?
Probable prostatitis.
Low risk for prostate cancer.
The presence of cancer cells.
Biopsy of the prostate is indicated. - ANSWER-Low risk for prostate cancer.
Clients with a PSA density less than 0.15 ng/ml are considered at low risk for prostate cancer.
3|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client who has a closed head injury from a motor
vehicle collision. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for diabetes
insipidus (DI)?
High fever.
Low blood pressure.
Muscle rigidity.
Polydipsia. - ANSWER-Polydipsia. (intense thirst)
A characteristic finding of DI is excretion of large quantities of urine (5 to 20L/day), and most
clients compensate for fluid loss by drinking large amounts of water (polydipsia). DI can occur
when there has been damage or injury to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus as a result of
head trauma, tumor or an illness such as meningitis. This damage interrupts the ADH
production, storage and release causing the excessive urination and thirst.
Which assessment finding should most concern the nurse who is monitoring a client two hours
after a thoracentesis?
New onset of coughing.
Low resting heart rate.
Distended neck veins.
Decreased shallow respirations. - ANSWER-New onset of coughing.
A pneumothorax (partial or complete lung collapse) is the potential complication of a
thoracentesis. Manifestations of a pneumothorax include new onset of a nagging cough,
tachycardia, and an increased shallow respiration rate.
4|Page
EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM WITH 200 + REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL
ELABORATED RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL
SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2025 (latest) Ace Your Exam
The nurse is caring for a client with multiple trauma after a motor vehicle collision. The nurse
learns that the client has secondary syphilis. Which precaution should the nurse implement?
A mask should be worn by anyone entering the client's room.
Handwashing is required before and after contact with the client.
Gloves should be worn during direct contact with the client's skin.
No precautions in addition to standard precautions are necessary. - ANSWER-Gloves should be
worn during direct contact with the client's skin.
The secondary stage of syphilis is a systemic blood-borne disease that presents with skin lesions
and rashes that may drain the highly contagious spirochete, so gloves should be worn during
direct contact with the client's skin. The client should be placed on contact precautions.
A client with a history of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure is admitted to
the surgical intensive care unit after coronary artery bypass surgery graft (CABG). The nurse
determines the client's serum potassium level is 4.5 mEq/L. What action should the nurse
implement?
Notify the healthcare provider.
Decrease the IV solution flow rate.
Document the finding as the only action.
Administer potassium replacement as prescribed - ANSWER-Document the finding as the only
action.
1|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
Coronary artery bypass surgery graft (CABG) places a client at risk for hypokalemia from
hemodilution, nasogastric suction, or diuretic therapy, so the serum potassium level is
maintained between 4 and 5 mEq/L to avoid dysrhythmias. Documentation of the normal
finding is indicated at this time.
An older female client is admitted with atrophic vaginitis and perineal cutaneous candidiasis.
Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?
Risk for injury.
Impaired comfort.
Disturbed body image.
Ineffective health maintenance. - ANSWER-Impaired comfort.
In menopausal women, the vaginal mucous membrane responds to low estrogen levels causing
the vaginal walls to become thinner, drier, and susceptible to infection, which leads to atrophic
vaginitis. Perineal cutaneous candidiasis contributes to other manifestations of vaginal
infections, such as vaginal irritation, burning, pruritus, increased leukorrhea, bleeding, and
dyspareunia, which supports the primary nursing diagnosis, "impaired comfort."
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). What assessment
should the RN identify and document that is consistent with PUD? (Select all that apply).
Hematemesis.
Gastric pain on an empty stomach.
Colic-like pain with fatty food ingestion.
Intolerance of spicy foods.
Diarrhea and stearrhea. - ANSWER-Hematemesis (the vomiting of blood)
Gastric pain on an empty stomach.
2|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
Intolerance of spicy foods.
Manifestations of PUD include hematemesis, gastric pain, and spicy food intolerance.
A female client is recently diagnosed with Sarcoidosis. The client tells the registered nurse (RN)
that she does not understand why she has this. When teaching the client, the RN should include
that sarcoidosis most commonly occurs with which ethnic group of women?
African American women.
Caucasian women.
Asian women.
Hispanic women. - ANSWER-African American women.
Sarcoidosis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting multiple organs and has shown
familial tendency due to multiple genes that together increase the susceptibility of developing
the disease. In research studies it occurs more commonly in African American women (10-80
out of 100,000); compare to Caucasian women of the United States (8 out of 100,000).
A client's prostate-specific antigen (PSA) exam result showed a PSA density of 0.13 ng/ml.
Which conclusion regarding this lab data is accurate?
Probable prostatitis.
Low risk for prostate cancer.
The presence of cancer cells.
Biopsy of the prostate is indicated. - ANSWER-Low risk for prostate cancer.
Clients with a PSA density less than 0.15 ng/ml are considered at low risk for prostate cancer.
3|Page
, EVOLVE HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client who has a closed head injury from a motor
vehicle collision. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for diabetes
insipidus (DI)?
High fever.
Low blood pressure.
Muscle rigidity.
Polydipsia. - ANSWER-Polydipsia. (intense thirst)
A characteristic finding of DI is excretion of large quantities of urine (5 to 20L/day), and most
clients compensate for fluid loss by drinking large amounts of water (polydipsia). DI can occur
when there has been damage or injury to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus as a result of
head trauma, tumor or an illness such as meningitis. This damage interrupts the ADH
production, storage and release causing the excessive urination and thirst.
Which assessment finding should most concern the nurse who is monitoring a client two hours
after a thoracentesis?
New onset of coughing.
Low resting heart rate.
Distended neck veins.
Decreased shallow respirations. - ANSWER-New onset of coughing.
A pneumothorax (partial or complete lung collapse) is the potential complication of a
thoracentesis. Manifestations of a pneumothorax include new onset of a nagging cough,
tachycardia, and an increased shallow respiration rate.
4|Page
