NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT
HEALTH
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+<RECENT VERSION>
1) Albuterol (Proventil) answer
Indications: Asthma, COPD; used alone or in combination with a
glucocorticoid or an anticholinergic (e.g., ipratropium)
Mechanism of Action: Binds to beta-2 receptors in airway smooth
muscle, causing bronchodilation
Side Effects: Chest pain, palpitations, tremors, nervousness
Key Point: Short-acting; used for acute asthma attacks
2) t-PA (Alteplase) answer
Indications: Myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, pulmonary embolism
(PE)
Mechanism of Action: Breaks down fibrinogen, promoting fibrinolysis
Side Effects: Bleeding
Contraindications: Hemorrhagic stroke, internal bleeding, recent
trauma/surgery, severe hypertension
Key Point: Administer within 3 hours of symptom onset; limit
intramuscular (IM) injections
3) Amiodarone (Cordarone) answer
, Indications: Atrial fibrillation (Afib), ventricular fibrillation (Vfib),
ventricular tachycardia (Vtach)
Mechanism of Action: Potassium channel blocker
Side Effects: Hypotension, bradycardia, visual disturbances,
gastrointestinal (GI) upset, liver toxicity, thyroid dysfunction
Key Point: Requires monitoring due to potential organ toxicity
4) Amlodipine (Norvasc) calcium channel blocker answer
Indications: Hypertension, chronic stable angina
Mechanism of Action: Calcium channel blocker; inhibits calcium ion
influx into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
Side Effects: Ankle edema, dizziness, fatigue
Key Point: May cause peripheral edema; monitor for swelling
5) Aspirin answer
Indications: Prevention of MI and stroke
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits platelet aggregation
Side Effects: Bleeding, tinnitus, GI upset
Contraindications: Children with fever (Reye’s syndrome), patients with
bleeding disorders
Key Point: Discontinue 5-7 days before surgery
6) Atenolol (Tenormin) answer
Indications: Hypertension, angina, heart failure (HF), MI
Mechanism of Action: Beta-1 adrenergic blocker; decreases heart rate
and blood pressure
Side Effects: Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, hypotension,
fatigue, erectile dysfunction
Key Point: Monitor blood pressure and pulse; change positions slowly
7) Atorvastatin (Lipitor) answer
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, prevention of MI
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing LDL
and increasing HDL
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, GI upset, muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis
, Key Point: Monitor liver function tests and muscle symptoms
8) Atropine answer
Indications: Symptomatic bradycardia
Mechanism of Action: Anticholinergic; blocks acetylcholine at
muscarinic receptors
Side Effects: Tachycardia, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention
Key Point: Used to increase heart rate in bradycardic patients
9) Carvedilol (Coreg) answer
Indications: Heart failure, hypertension, post-MI
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective beta and alpha-1 adrenergic
blocker
Side Effects: Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, weight gain
Key Point: Monitor for signs of heart failure exacerbation
10) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) answer
Indications: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), respiratory infections, skin
infetions
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
IV
Side Effects: GI upset, Achilles tendon rupture, photosensitivity
Key Point: Avoid excessive sun exposure; monitor for tendon pain
11) Clopidogrel (Plavix) answer
Indications: Prevention of MI and stroke
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking P2Y12
receptor
Side Effects: GI bleeding, headache, dizziness
Key Point: Discontinue 5-7 days before surgery
12) Digoxin (Lanoxin) answer
Indications: Heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter
, Mechanism of Action: Positive inotropic and negative chronotropic
effects
Side Effects: Dysrhythmias, bradycardia, digoxin toxicity
Key Point: Monitor digoxin levels; assess pulse before administration,
*Check pulse before administration
(do not administer for pulse
<60bpm). Monitor digoxin levels
during therapy (therapeutic range =
0.5-2 ng/mL). Hypokalemia
increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
13) Dobutamine (Dobutrex) answer
Indications: Acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock
Mechanism of Action: Beta-1 adrenergic agonist; increases cardiac
output
14) Dopamine (Intropin) answer
Indications: Shock, heart failure (HF)
Mechanism of Action: Stimulates beta-1 and dopamine receptors
Key Points:
Increases heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO)
Improves renal blood flow
Monitor for arrhythmias and extravasation
15) Enoxaparin (Lovenox) answer
Indications: Anticoagulation; prevention/treatment of deep vein
thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE)
Route: Subcutaneous (SC)
Key Points:
Do not expel air bubble in the syringe
Monitor platelet count (risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
Watch for signs of bleeding
Typically used after major orthopedic or abdominal surgery
16) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) answer
HEALTH
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+<RECENT VERSION>
1) Albuterol (Proventil) answer
Indications: Asthma, COPD; used alone or in combination with a
glucocorticoid or an anticholinergic (e.g., ipratropium)
Mechanism of Action: Binds to beta-2 receptors in airway smooth
muscle, causing bronchodilation
Side Effects: Chest pain, palpitations, tremors, nervousness
Key Point: Short-acting; used for acute asthma attacks
2) t-PA (Alteplase) answer
Indications: Myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, pulmonary embolism
(PE)
Mechanism of Action: Breaks down fibrinogen, promoting fibrinolysis
Side Effects: Bleeding
Contraindications: Hemorrhagic stroke, internal bleeding, recent
trauma/surgery, severe hypertension
Key Point: Administer within 3 hours of symptom onset; limit
intramuscular (IM) injections
3) Amiodarone (Cordarone) answer
, Indications: Atrial fibrillation (Afib), ventricular fibrillation (Vfib),
ventricular tachycardia (Vtach)
Mechanism of Action: Potassium channel blocker
Side Effects: Hypotension, bradycardia, visual disturbances,
gastrointestinal (GI) upset, liver toxicity, thyroid dysfunction
Key Point: Requires monitoring due to potential organ toxicity
4) Amlodipine (Norvasc) calcium channel blocker answer
Indications: Hypertension, chronic stable angina
Mechanism of Action: Calcium channel blocker; inhibits calcium ion
influx into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
Side Effects: Ankle edema, dizziness, fatigue
Key Point: May cause peripheral edema; monitor for swelling
5) Aspirin answer
Indications: Prevention of MI and stroke
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits platelet aggregation
Side Effects: Bleeding, tinnitus, GI upset
Contraindications: Children with fever (Reye’s syndrome), patients with
bleeding disorders
Key Point: Discontinue 5-7 days before surgery
6) Atenolol (Tenormin) answer
Indications: Hypertension, angina, heart failure (HF), MI
Mechanism of Action: Beta-1 adrenergic blocker; decreases heart rate
and blood pressure
Side Effects: Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, hypotension,
fatigue, erectile dysfunction
Key Point: Monitor blood pressure and pulse; change positions slowly
7) Atorvastatin (Lipitor) answer
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, prevention of MI
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing LDL
and increasing HDL
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, GI upset, muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis
, Key Point: Monitor liver function tests and muscle symptoms
8) Atropine answer
Indications: Symptomatic bradycardia
Mechanism of Action: Anticholinergic; blocks acetylcholine at
muscarinic receptors
Side Effects: Tachycardia, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention
Key Point: Used to increase heart rate in bradycardic patients
9) Carvedilol (Coreg) answer
Indications: Heart failure, hypertension, post-MI
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective beta and alpha-1 adrenergic
blocker
Side Effects: Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, weight gain
Key Point: Monitor for signs of heart failure exacerbation
10) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) answer
Indications: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), respiratory infections, skin
infetions
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
IV
Side Effects: GI upset, Achilles tendon rupture, photosensitivity
Key Point: Avoid excessive sun exposure; monitor for tendon pain
11) Clopidogrel (Plavix) answer
Indications: Prevention of MI and stroke
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking P2Y12
receptor
Side Effects: GI bleeding, headache, dizziness
Key Point: Discontinue 5-7 days before surgery
12) Digoxin (Lanoxin) answer
Indications: Heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter
, Mechanism of Action: Positive inotropic and negative chronotropic
effects
Side Effects: Dysrhythmias, bradycardia, digoxin toxicity
Key Point: Monitor digoxin levels; assess pulse before administration,
*Check pulse before administration
(do not administer for pulse
<60bpm). Monitor digoxin levels
during therapy (therapeutic range =
0.5-2 ng/mL). Hypokalemia
increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
13) Dobutamine (Dobutrex) answer
Indications: Acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock
Mechanism of Action: Beta-1 adrenergic agonist; increases cardiac
output
14) Dopamine (Intropin) answer
Indications: Shock, heart failure (HF)
Mechanism of Action: Stimulates beta-1 and dopamine receptors
Key Points:
Increases heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO)
Improves renal blood flow
Monitor for arrhythmias and extravasation
15) Enoxaparin (Lovenox) answer
Indications: Anticoagulation; prevention/treatment of deep vein
thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE)
Route: Subcutaneous (SC)
Key Points:
Do not expel air bubble in the syringe
Monitor platelet count (risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
Watch for signs of bleeding
Typically used after major orthopedic or abdominal surgery
16) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) answer
