NUTRITION HESI TEST PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔A client with the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, purging type, is admitted to the
mental health unit after an acute episode of bingeing. Which clinical manifestation is
most important for the nurse to assess? - ✔✔dehydration
The nurse should be alert for dehydration caused by fluid loss through vomiting in the
binge-purge cycle. Weight gain is not expected because purging frequently follows a
binge. Hyperactivity is not expected because many individuals with bulimia withdraw
and vomit after a binge. Hyperglycemia is not expected because of the vomiting that
follows a binge.
✔✔A nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that
should be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet should the nurse stress?
- ✔✔bland
A nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that should
be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet should the nurse stress?
✔✔Which nutrient deficiency in the pregnant adolescent may result in decreased birth
weight as a consequence of low bone mineral density in the fetus? - ✔✔calcium
Calcium and vitamin deficiency may result in decreased birth weight as a consequence
of low bone mineral density. Zinc deficiency may not lead to a decrease in bone mineral
density. Iron deficiency may lead to anemia. Folic acid deficiency may result in neural
tube defects.
✔✔A client with osteoporosis has been receiving dietary information from the nurse.
Which food selection by the client indicates that the nurse's dietary instruction was
effective? - ✔✔turnip greens
Turnip greens are high in calcium and vitamins. A high level of nitrogen from protein
breakdown may increase the release of calcium from bone to serve as a buffer of the
nitrogen. Soft drinks that are high in phosphorus may interfere with calcium absorption
from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Enriched grains that are high in phosphorus may
interfere with calcium absorption from the GI tract.
✔✔What is the required average daily intake of calories in preschoolers? - ✔✔1800
✔✔A nurse instructs a client with viral hepatitis about the type of diet that should be
ingested. Which lunch selected by the client indicates understanding about dietary
principles associated with this diagnosis? - ✔✔Salad, sliced chicken sandwich, gelatin
dessert
The diet should be high in carbohydrates, with moderate protein and fat content. A
salad, chicken and gelatin meal is the best choice. Turkey salad, french fries, and
sherbet are too high in fat. Cottage cheese, mixed fruit salad, and a milkshake are dairy
products and may cause lactose intolerance; the hepatitis virus injures the intestinal
, mucosa and reduces the client's ability to metabolize lactose. Cheeseburger, tortilla
chips, and chocolate pudding are too high in fat.
✔✔A 17-year-old client is found to have anorexia nervosa. The psychiatrist, in
conjunction with the client and the parents, decides to institute a behavior modification
program. What does the nurse recall is a major component of behavior modification? -
✔✔rewarding positive behavior
In behavior modification [1] [2] [3], positive behavior is reinforced, and negative behavior
is not reinforced or punished. Reducing the number or complexity of necessary
restrictions, deconditioning the fear of weight gain, and reducing the number of anxiety-
producing situations may all be part of the program, but none is a major component.
✔✔Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers? - ✔✔Milk should be
supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits.
In toddlers, the parents should be supplementing the child's intake of milk with solid
foods items, ensuring a balanced diet for adequate growth. Serving finger foods to
toddlers allows them to eat by themselves and to satisfy their need for independence
and control. The intake of milk should be limited to 2 to 3 cups because the
consumption of more than a quart of milk per day tends to decrease the child's appetite
for essential solid foods and results in inadequate iron intake. Children below 2 years of
age should not be given low-fat or skimmed milk because the fat is important for the
physical and intellectual growth of the child.
✔✔What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency
(HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? - ✔✔complimentary
Shark cartilage is considered as an alternative or complementary therapy to prescribed
medications for clients with HIV and AIDS. Lymphocyte transfusions and bone marrow
transplants are used to improve immunity in clients with HIV and AIDS. Lemon juice and
lemongrass may provide relief from oral thrush in some clients with HIV and AIDS. A
high-calorie, high-protein diet is advised to clients with HIV and AIDS to improve their
nutritional status.
✔✔When assessing the characteristics of an adolescent with anorexia nervosa, how
does the nurse expect to describe the adolescent? - ✔✔Perfectionistic
Perfectionistic standards and extremes of self-discipline are an attempt to maintain
control and meet the client's own and others' expectations. People with anorexia
nervosa are often anxious and depressed, not manic. People with anorexia nervosa are
frequently compliant in an attempt to meet the expectations of others. People with
anorexia nervosa usually use excessive exercise routines as a means of losing weight.
Also, many are trying to become the thin, fit ideal woman depicted in the media.
✔✔A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with celiac disease. Which foods
should the nurse teach the client to avoid when following a gluten-free diet? Select all
that apply. - ✔✔rye, oats, and wheat
SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔A client with the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, purging type, is admitted to the
mental health unit after an acute episode of bingeing. Which clinical manifestation is
most important for the nurse to assess? - ✔✔dehydration
The nurse should be alert for dehydration caused by fluid loss through vomiting in the
binge-purge cycle. Weight gain is not expected because purging frequently follows a
binge. Hyperactivity is not expected because many individuals with bulimia withdraw
and vomit after a binge. Hyperglycemia is not expected because of the vomiting that
follows a binge.
✔✔A nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that
should be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet should the nurse stress?
- ✔✔bland
A nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that should
be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet should the nurse stress?
✔✔Which nutrient deficiency in the pregnant adolescent may result in decreased birth
weight as a consequence of low bone mineral density in the fetus? - ✔✔calcium
Calcium and vitamin deficiency may result in decreased birth weight as a consequence
of low bone mineral density. Zinc deficiency may not lead to a decrease in bone mineral
density. Iron deficiency may lead to anemia. Folic acid deficiency may result in neural
tube defects.
✔✔A client with osteoporosis has been receiving dietary information from the nurse.
Which food selection by the client indicates that the nurse's dietary instruction was
effective? - ✔✔turnip greens
Turnip greens are high in calcium and vitamins. A high level of nitrogen from protein
breakdown may increase the release of calcium from bone to serve as a buffer of the
nitrogen. Soft drinks that are high in phosphorus may interfere with calcium absorption
from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Enriched grains that are high in phosphorus may
interfere with calcium absorption from the GI tract.
✔✔What is the required average daily intake of calories in preschoolers? - ✔✔1800
✔✔A nurse instructs a client with viral hepatitis about the type of diet that should be
ingested. Which lunch selected by the client indicates understanding about dietary
principles associated with this diagnosis? - ✔✔Salad, sliced chicken sandwich, gelatin
dessert
The diet should be high in carbohydrates, with moderate protein and fat content. A
salad, chicken and gelatin meal is the best choice. Turkey salad, french fries, and
sherbet are too high in fat. Cottage cheese, mixed fruit salad, and a milkshake are dairy
products and may cause lactose intolerance; the hepatitis virus injures the intestinal
, mucosa and reduces the client's ability to metabolize lactose. Cheeseburger, tortilla
chips, and chocolate pudding are too high in fat.
✔✔A 17-year-old client is found to have anorexia nervosa. The psychiatrist, in
conjunction with the client and the parents, decides to institute a behavior modification
program. What does the nurse recall is a major component of behavior modification? -
✔✔rewarding positive behavior
In behavior modification [1] [2] [3], positive behavior is reinforced, and negative behavior
is not reinforced or punished. Reducing the number or complexity of necessary
restrictions, deconditioning the fear of weight gain, and reducing the number of anxiety-
producing situations may all be part of the program, but none is a major component.
✔✔Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers? - ✔✔Milk should be
supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits.
In toddlers, the parents should be supplementing the child's intake of milk with solid
foods items, ensuring a balanced diet for adequate growth. Serving finger foods to
toddlers allows them to eat by themselves and to satisfy their need for independence
and control. The intake of milk should be limited to 2 to 3 cups because the
consumption of more than a quart of milk per day tends to decrease the child's appetite
for essential solid foods and results in inadequate iron intake. Children below 2 years of
age should not be given low-fat or skimmed milk because the fat is important for the
physical and intellectual growth of the child.
✔✔What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency
(HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? - ✔✔complimentary
Shark cartilage is considered as an alternative or complementary therapy to prescribed
medications for clients with HIV and AIDS. Lymphocyte transfusions and bone marrow
transplants are used to improve immunity in clients with HIV and AIDS. Lemon juice and
lemongrass may provide relief from oral thrush in some clients with HIV and AIDS. A
high-calorie, high-protein diet is advised to clients with HIV and AIDS to improve their
nutritional status.
✔✔When assessing the characteristics of an adolescent with anorexia nervosa, how
does the nurse expect to describe the adolescent? - ✔✔Perfectionistic
Perfectionistic standards and extremes of self-discipline are an attempt to maintain
control and meet the client's own and others' expectations. People with anorexia
nervosa are often anxious and depressed, not manic. People with anorexia nervosa are
frequently compliant in an attempt to meet the expectations of others. People with
anorexia nervosa usually use excessive exercise routines as a means of losing weight.
Also, many are trying to become the thin, fit ideal woman depicted in the media.
✔✔A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with celiac disease. Which foods
should the nurse teach the client to avoid when following a gluten-free diet? Select all
that apply. - ✔✔rye, oats, and wheat
